Some species of the hypogeal scale insect Porphyrophora Brandt (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea: Margarodidae) from Europe, the Middle East and North Africa

Systematics and Biodiversity

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 23-122

  Vahedi, Hassan Ali ^a   Hodgson, C J ^b  

^a RAZI UNIVERSITY   (Iran)

^b DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Distribution; Host plants; Key; New species; Porphyrophora; Redescriptions

Indexed keywords

COCCOIDEA; HEMIPTERA; HEXAPODA; MARGARODIDAE; PORPHYROPHORA; STERNORRHYNCHA;

EID: 33847160660     PISSN: 14772000     EISSN: 14780933     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1477200006002039     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. ARCHANGELSKAIA, A.D. 1935. The carmine-producing coccids (Margarodes) of Middle Asia and species of allied genus Neomargarodes. Tashkent Publishing Committee on Science in Uzbekistan. SSR., 38 pp.
2. BALACHOWSKY, A. 1940. Sur un Margarodes nouveau appartenant a la faune alpine de la sierra nevada (Andalousie) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Transactions of the International Congress of Entomology, Madrid, 1935 1, 93-96.
3. BECKMANN, J. 1790. Kermes. Cochenille. Beiträge zur Geschichte der Erfindungen 3, 1-46.
4. BEN-DOV, Y. 2005. A Systematic Catalogue of the Scale Insect Family Margarodidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the World. Intercept, Wimborne, Uk. 400 pp.
5. BODENHEIMER, F. 1941. Seven new species of Coccidae from Anatolia. Istanbul. Revue de la Faculté des Sciences de l'Université d'Instanbul (Series B) 6, 65-84.
6. BORCHSENIUS, N.S. 1948. ?Porphyrophora sophorae (Archangelskaia). Zywotnyi mir SSSR 3, 266.
7. BORCHSENIUS, N.S. 1949. A new genus and new species of scales and armoured scales (Homoptera, Coccoidea) from the USSR. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 30, 334-352 (in Russian).
8. BORCHSENIUS, N.S. 1950. Soft scales and armoured scales of the USSR, (Coccoidea). Institute of Zoology, Academy of Sciences, USSR. Moskva 32, 250 pp.
9. BORCHSENIUS, N.S. 1973. Practical determination of scale insects (Coccoidea) of cultivated plants and trees of theUSSR. Akademiya Nauk SSR Zoologicheskogo Instituta, Leningrad 81, 1-311 (in Russian).
10. BRANDT, J.F. 1833. Porphyrophora. In BRANDT, J.F. & RATZEBURG J.T.C., Eds., 1833. Medizinische Zoologie. Berlin 2, 355 pp.
11. BRANDT, J.F. 1835. Naturhistorische bemerkungen über wurzelcochenille im vergleich zur mexicanischen als zusatz zur vorstehenden Abhandlung des herrm hamel. Memoires de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences de Saint-Pétersbourg 3, 65-68.
12. BURMEISTER, H. 1835. Scharlachläuse. Schildläuse. Coccina. (Gallinsecta 1). In: Handbook der Entomology. V. 2., abt. 1, pp. 61-83.
13. CARDON, D. 2000. Du verme cremexe au veluto chremesino: une filierè vénitienne du cramoisi au XVe siécle. In MOLÀ, L., MUELLER, R.C., ZANIER, C., Eds., La Seta in Italia dal medioevo al Seicento, Fondazione Giorgio Cini, Venezia, pp. 63-73.
14. CARDON, D. 2003. Le Monde des Teintures Naturelles. Belin, Paris. 586 pp.
15. COOK, L.G., GULLAN, P.J. & TRUEMAN, H.E. 2002. A preliminary phylogeny of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) based on nuclear small-subunit DNA. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 25, 43-52.
16. COSTA, O.G. 1835. Fauna de regno di Napoli, famiglia de' Coccinigliferi o de' gallinsetti. Emitteri Napoli. 23 pp.
17. DANZIG, E.M. 1972. New and little-known species of scale-insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea) from Siberia and the Far East of the USSR. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta, Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Leningrad 52, 261-275 (in Russian).
18. DANZIG, E.M. 1980. Coccids of the Far-Eastern USSR (Homoptera, Coccinea). Phylogenetic Analysis of Coccids in the World Fauna. Nekha Publishers, Leningrad. Translated from the Russian and published by the United States Department of Agriculture and the National Science Foundation, Washington, DC. 1986. xxv + 450 pp.
19. DANZIG, E.M. 1983. New and little known species of scale insects (Homoptera, Coccoidea) of the fauna of the USSR. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 62 (3), 514-523 (in Russian).
20. Entomological Review 62(3), 68-78 (in English).
21. DURAN, M. 1971. Investigations on ground pearls Margarodes (Porphyrophora) tritici (Bodenheimer), a grain pest in Central Anatolia. Plant Protection Bulletin, Turkey, Supplement 1, 80 pp.
22. ENDERLEIN, G. 1914. In BROHMER, P. Fauna von Deutschland. Eine Bestimmungsbuch unserer heimischen Tierwelt. I. edn. III. Coccoidea. Leipzig, pp. 369-370.
23. FERNALD, M.E. 1903. A Catalogue of the Coccidae of the World. Bulletin of the Hatch Agricultural Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural College 88, 360 pp.
24. FERREIRA, E.S.B., HULME, A.N., MCNAB, H. & QUYE, A. 2004. The natural constituents of historical textile dyes. Chemical Society Reviews 33, 61, 329-336.
25. FOLDI, I. 1981. Margarodesia n. gen., cochenille Afro-tropicale nuisible au palmier à huile (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Margarodidae). Annales de la Société entomologique de France, (N.S.) 17, 331-335.
26. FOLDI, I. 2001. A world list of extant and fossil species of Margarodidae sensu lato (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie 18, 195-231.
27. FOLDI, I. 2005. Ground pearls: a generic revision of the Margarodidae sensu stricto (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea). Annales de la Société entomologique de France, (N.S.), 41, 81-125.
28. FOURCROY, A.F. 1785. Entomologia Parisiensis. Paris. Pp 227-231.
29. GEOFFROY, E.L. 1762. Histoire Abrégée les Insectes qui se Trouvent aux Environs de Paris 1, 498-515. (illustration in v. 2). Paris, Durand.
30. GMELIN, PH.F. 1766. Coccus. Onomatologia Historia Naturalis Completa, v. 3, 1004 columns (not paged) (columns 22-27, 40-43). Ulm, Stettin.
31. GOUX, L. 1946. Le problème de l'espèce chez les coccides (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). Les espèces naissantes ou jointives constituant le faisceau de Margarodes buxtoni Newst. (Notes sur les coccides de la France). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Marseille [n.v.(v.6?)] (3-4), 89-97.
32. me note). Deux Phenacoccus nouveaux pour la France avec étude de leur larve néonate et remarques sur les Porphyrophora du bassin Méditerranéen. Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon 17, 182-185.
33. GULLAN, P.J. & SJAARDA, W. 2001. Trans-Tasman Platycoelostoma Morrison (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Margarodidae) on endemic Cupressaceae, and the phylogenetic history of margarodids. Systematic Entomology 26, 257-278.
34. HADZIBEJLI, Z.K. 1957. A study of carmine bearing soft scales of Georgia. Trudy Instituta Zashchitii Rastenii. Akademii Nauk Gruzinskoy, SSR 12, 203-211.
35. HADZIBEJLI, Z.K. 1966. On the biology andmorphology of the genera Neomargarodes Green and Porphyrophora Brandt (Homoptera, Coccoidea). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 45, 695-711 [in Russian, English summary.
36. Translation, Entomological Review 45, 395-401].
37. HAHNEMANNS, S. 1793. Apothekerlexicon Naturwiss. Leipzig, Crusius. 1 (pt. 1), 193.
38. HALL, W.J. 1924. Four newspecies of Coccidae from Egypt. Technical and Scientific Bulletin, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt 46, 8 pp.
39. HODGSON, C.J. & FOLDI, I. 2006. A review of the Margarodidae sensu Morrison (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) and some related taxa based on the morphology of adult males. Zootaxa 1263, 1-250.
40. HOFFMAN, F. & SMITH, R.L. 1991. Emergence and dispersal of Margarodes meridionalis (Homoptera: Coccoidea) in hybrid bermudagrass. Journal of Economic Entomology 84, 1668-1671.
41. JAKUBSKI, A.W. 1965. A Critical Revision of the Families Margarodidae and Termitococcidae (Hemiptera, Coccoidea). British Museum (Natural History). 187 pp.
42. JASHENKO, R.V. 1989a. Studying the fauna of Margarodidae (Coccinea) in the Kazakhstan SSR (USSR). (In Russian). Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Kazakhskoi SSR, (Seriya) Biologii 6, 37-41.
43. JASHENKO, R.V. 1989b. Two new species of Margarodidae (Homoptera, Coccinea) from Kazakhstan (USSR). Byulleten' Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody Otdel Biologicheskii 94 (5), 67-74.
44. JASHENKO, R.V. 1990a. Distribution and host-plants of Porphyrophora polonica (Homoptera: Coccinea: Margarodidae). Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium of Scale Insect Studies, Part II Cracow, Poland: August 1990. Agricultural University Press, Cracow, 119-122.
45. JASHENKO, R.V. 1990b. A new species of Margarodidae (Coccinea) from Terskey Ala-Tau (In Russian). Novati Faunistixi i Systematixi Sbornik nauchnich trudov, Kiev, 36-39.
46. JASHENKO, R.V. 1990c. New species of the genus Porphyrophora (Coccinea Margarodidae) from the East Kazakhstan (In Russian). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 69 (5), 143-145.
47. JASHENKO, R.V. 1990d. A study of Porphyrophora violaceae Matesova & Jashenko and P. sophorae (Archangelskaia) (Coccinea: Margarodidae) [In Russian]. Akademii Nauk Kazakhskoi SSR, Instituta Zoologicheskogo (Trudy) 45, 21-31.
48. JASHENKO, R.V. 1994. New species of the genus Porphyrophora Brandt (Coccinea, Margarodidae) from Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Mongolia. Selevinia 2 (3), 22-38.
49. JASHENKO, R.V. 1995. The host-plants of margarodids (Coccinea, Margarodidae) of Kazakhstan, Russia and adjoining territories. Institute of Zoology NAS RK, Almaty, Selevinia 1, 79-85.
50. JASHENKO, R.V. 1999. Fauna, natural enemies, agricultural harm and possibility of industrial use of margarodids (Coccinea, Margarodidae) in East Europe and North Asia. Selevinia, 43-50.
51. KOSZTARAB, M. & KOZÁR, F. 1988. Scale Insects of Central Europe. Dr. W. Junk, Dordrecht. 456 pp.
52. KOTEJA, J. 1974. On the phylogeny and classification of the scale insects (Homoptera, Coccinea) (discussion based on the morphology of the mouthparts). Polska Akademia Nauk zaklad Zoologii Systematycznej Doswiadczalnej, Krakow 15, 267-325.
53. KOZÁR, F. 1998. Catalogue of Palaearctic Coccoidea. Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary. 526 pp.
54. KOZÁR, F. & WALTER, J. 1985. Check-list of the Palaearctic Coccoidea (Homoptera). Folia Entomologica, Hungarica 46 (2), 63-110.
55. LINDINGER, L. 1912. Die Schildläuse (Coccidae) Europas, Nordafrikas, und Vorderasiens, einschliesslich. der Azoren, der Kanaren und Madeiras. Stuttgart, Ulmer. 388 pp.
56. LINDINGER, L. 1954. Neue Beiträge zur Schildlaus- nomenklatur und anderes (Homoptera: Coccoidae). Beiträge zur Entomologie Berlin 4, 614-620 (in German).
57. LINNAEUS, C. 1758. Insecta Hemiptera Coccus Systema Natura (ed. 10.) 1, 455-457.
58. MATESOVA, G.I. & JASHENKO, R.V. 1988. Margarodids of the genus Porphyrophora Brandt (Homoptera, Margarodidae) of South Kazakhstan. Revue d'Entomologie de l'URSS 4, 754-759.
59. MEYER, E.H.F. 1856. Coccus radicis. In: Geschichte der Botanik. Studien. Vol. III. Velag der Gebrüder Boruträger, Königsberg xvi. 554 pp.
60. MILLER, D.R. 1991. Superfamily Coccoidea. In STEHR, F.W., Ed., Immature Insects. Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., Pp. 90-111
61. MILLER, R.H. 1992. Insect pests of wheat and barley of Mediterranean Africa and West Asia. Al Awamia 77, 3-20.
62. MILLER, R.H. & JONES, M.J. 1998. Fluctuation in a population of ground pearls, Porphyrophora tritici (Bodenheimer) (Homoptera: Margarodidae), in barley in northern Syria. Rachis (1997), 84-88.
63. MILLER, R.H., HARRIS, H.C. & JONES, M.J. 1994. Crop rotation effects on populations of Porphyrophora tritici (Bodenheimer) (Homoptera: Margarodidae) in barley in northern Syria. Arab Journal of Plant Protection 12, 75-79.
64. MOHAMMAD, Z.K., EZZAT, Y.M. & ALY, A.G. 1995. Recent review of Egyptian little known species of Coccoidea (Homoptera). Journal of the Egyptian German Society of Zoology 16, 477-533.
65. MORALES, C.F. 1991. Margarodidae (Insecta: Hemiptera). Fauna of New Zealand 21, 1-123.
66. MORRISON, H. 1928. A classification of the higher groups and genera of the coccid family Margarodidae. United States Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 52, 239 pp.
67. MORRISON, H. & MORRISON, E. 1966. An annotated list of generic names of the scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea). United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services, Miscellaneous Publication No. 1015: 206 pp.
68. PICARD, F. & BALACHOWSKY, A. 1939. A propos des Porphyrophora Brandt nuisibles aux céréales dans le bassin Méditerranéen. Bulletin de Société entomologique de France 44, 118-120.
69. RUSANOVA, V.N. 1944. A Margarodidae from Apskeron. Bulletin of the Azerbaijan Filialation 2, 84 (in Russian).
70. SAFER-ALIZADAE, M.H. & BAHADOR, M. 1987. Introduction of the wheat pest (Porphyrophora tritici) to Iran. Journal of the Entomological Society of Iran 9, 29-37 (in Persian).
71. SARKISOV, R.N., MKRTCHIAN, L.P. & ZAKHARIAN, V.A. 1990. Reduction of the area of Porphyrophora hameli and the problem of its preservation. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium of Scale Insect Studies, Cracow, August 6-12, 1990. Agricultural University Press, Cracow. pp. 123-124.
72. SHOJAEI, M. & BAHADOR, M. 1987. Porphyrophora tritici, an important pest of non-irrigated wheat in Iran. Research in Science and Technology, Teheran 1, 54-56.
73. SILVESTRI, F. 1938. Descrizione di tre species Africane di Margarodini (Insecta: Homoptera: Coccidae). Bolletino di Bologna University Instituta di Entomologie 10, 35-43.
74. TANG FANG-DE & HAO JING-JUN 1995. The Margarodidae and Others of China (Homoptera: Coccinea of Insecta). Chinese Agricultural Science Technology Press, Beijing. 738 pp [in Chinese pp. 1-543; English pp. 545-738].
75. TEREZNIKOVA, E.M. 1975. Coccids. In: the "Fauna of Ukraine." Institut Zoologii. Akademya Nauk Ukrainskoi SSR, Kiew 20 (18), 295 pp.
76. TER-GRIGORIAN, M.A. 1976. Morphology of Mount Ararat scale insect Porphyrophora hamelii Brandt (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Margarodidae). Akademii Nauk Armianskoi SSR, Biologii Zhurnal Armenii 26, 59-66 (in Russian).
77. TER-GRIGORIAN, M.A. 1978. On the representatives of the fauna of the family Margarodidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea) in Armenia. Akademii Nauk Armianskoi SSR, Biologii Zhurnal Armenii 31 (9), 931-939.
78. VAHEDI, H.-A. 1992. Morphology and bio-ecology of Porphyrophora tritici (Bodenheimer) (Hom: Margarodidae) in Kermanshah, Iran. UnpublishedMSc thesis, University of Shahid Chamran (Ahwaz). 82 pp.
79. VAHEDI, H.-A. 2001. The biology of Porphyrophora tritici (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Margarodidae) and the effect of some farming practices on its populations in Kermanshah, Iran. Proceedings of VIII International Symposium on Scale Insect Studies, Wye, England, 1999. Entomologica Bari 33, 357-363.
80. VAHEDI, H.-A. 2002. A revision of the genus Porphyrophora (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Margarodidae) with particular reference to the Middle East and with a discussion of the relationships of the hypogaeic margarodids. Ph.D. thesis, Imperial College at Wye, University of London.
81. VAHEDI, H-A. & HODJAT, S.H. 1996. An outline of the morphology and bioecology of Porphyrophora tritici (Bodenheimer) (Hom.: Margarodidae) in Kermanshah, Iran. The Scientific Journal of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University 18, 57-70 [in Persian, English summary].
82. VERHECKEN, A. & WOUTERS, J. 1989. The coccid insect dyes, historical, geographical and technical data. Bulletin de la Institute Royal Patrimoine Artistique 22, 207-239.
83. WOUTERS, J. 1985. High performance liquid chromatography of anthraquinones: analysis of plant and insect extracts and dyed textiles. Studies in Conservation 30, 119-128.
84. WOUTERS, J. 1990. Dyestuff analysis of scale insects by high performance liquid chromatography. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium of Scale Insect Studies, Cracow, August 6-12, 1990. Agricultural University Press, Cracow, pp. 61-70.
85. WOUTERS, J. & ROSARIO-CHIRINOS, N. 1992. Dye analysis of Pre- Columbian Peruvian textiles with high-performance liquid chromatography and diode-array detection. Journal of the American Institute of Conservation 31, 237-255.
86. YANG, C.K. 1979. Studies on Margarodidae (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Entomotaxonomia 1, 35-48.