MRI of the foetal brain

Clinical Radiology

Volumn 62, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 303-313

  Rich, P ^a   Jones, R ^a   Britton, J ^a   Foote, S ^a   Thilaganathan, B ^a  

^a ST GEORGE'S UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIAZEPAM;

BRAIN ARACHNOID CYST; BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; BRAIN DISEASE; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; BRAIN INJURY; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; BRAIN MALFORMATION; BRAIN VENTRICLE DILATATION; CEREBELLUM DISEASE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; CORPUS CALLOSUM AGENESIS; DANDY WALKER SYNDROME; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; EMBRYO PATTERN FORMATION; FETUS ECHOGRAPHY; FOLLOW UP; GENETIC RISK; GESTATIONAL AGE; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IMAGE DISPLAY; IMAGE PROCESSING; INCIDENTAL FINDING; MEDICAL ETHICS; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PATIENT SAFETY; POSTERIOR FOSSA; PREGNANCY TERMINATION; PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM; UNITED KINGDOM;

BRAIN; BRAIN INJURIES; CEREBELLUM; CEREBRAL VENTRICLES; CORPUS CALLOSUM; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; NEURONS; SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM;

EID: 33847104148     PISSN: 00099260     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2006.07.014     Document Type: Review

References (37)

1. Barnewolt C.E., and Estroff J.A. Sonography of the fetal central nervous system. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 14 (2004) 255-271
2. Weinreb J.C., Lowe T.W., Santos-Ramos R., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in obstetric diagnosis. Radiology 154 (1985) 157-161
3. Girard N., Raybaud C., and Poncet M. In vivo MR study of brain maturation in normal fetuses. AJNR AM J Neuroradiol 16 (1995) 407-413
4. Levine D., Barnes P.D., Robertson R.R., et al. Fast MR imaging of fetal central nervous system abnormalities. Radiology 229 (2003) 51-61
5. Simon E.M., Goldstein R.B., Coakley F.V., et al. Fast MR imaging of fetal CNS anomalies in utero. AJNR AM J Neuroradiol 21 (2000) 1688-1698
6. Whitby E.H., Paley M.N., Sprigg A., et al. Comparison of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in 100 singleton pregnancies with suspected brain abnormalities. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 111 (2004) 784-792
7. Griffiths P.D., Paley M.N.J., Widjaja E., et al. In utero magnetic resonance imaging for brain and spinal abnormalities in fetuses. BMJ 331 (2005) 562-565
8. Golja A.M., Estroff J.A., and Robertson R.L. Fetal imaging of central nervous system abnormalities. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 14 (2004) 293-306
9. Heerschap A., Kok R.D., and van Den Berg P.P. Antenatal proton MR spectroscopy of the human brain in vivo. Childs Nerv Syst 19 (2003) 418-421
10. American Academy of Pediatrics. Noise: a hazard for the fetus and newborn. Pediatrics 100 (1997) 724-727
11. Kok R.D., de Vries M.M., Heerschap A., et al. Absence of harmful effects of magnetic resonance exposure at 1.5 T in utero during the third trimester of pregnancy: a follow-up study. Magn Reson Imaging 22 (2004) 851-854
12. Standring S. Gray's Anatomy. 39th ed. (2004), Churchill Livingstone, New York
13. Barkovitch A.J. Pediatric Neuroimaging. 4th ed. (2005), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
14. Larsen W.J. Human Embryology. 3rd ed. (2001), Churchill Livingstone, New York
15. Levine D., and Barnes P. Cortical maturation in normal and abnormal fetuses as assessed with prenatal MR imaging. Radiology 210 (1999) 751-758
16. Naidich T., Grant J.L., Altman N., et al. The developing cerebral surface. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 4 (1994) 201-240
17. Chi J.G., Dooling E.C., and Gilles F.H. Gyral development of the human brain. Ann Neurol 1 (1977) 86-93
18. Garel C. MRI of the fetal brain: normal development and cerebral pathologies (2004), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg
19. Naidich T., Altman N.R., Braffman B.H., et al. Cephalocoeles and related malformations. AJNR AM J Neuroradiol 13 (1992) 655-690
20. Martinez-Lage J.F., Poza M., Sola J., et al. The child with a cephalocele: etiology, neuroimaging and outcome. Childs Nerv Syst 12 (1996) 540-550
21. Bromley B., Nadel A.S., Pauker S., et al. Closure of the cerebellar vermis: evaluation with second trimester US. Radiology 193 (1994) 761-763
22. Levine D. Ultrasound versus MRI in Fetal Evaluation. Top Magn Reson Imaging 12 (2001) 25-38
23. Barkovich A.J., and Norman D. Absence of the septum pellucidum: a useful sign in the diagnosis of congenital brain malformations. AJNR AM J Neuroradiol 9 (1988) 1107-1114
24. Farrugia S., and Babcock D.S. The cavum septi pellucidi: its appearance and incidence with cranial ultrasonography in infancy. Radiology 139 (1981) 147-150
25. Sarwar M. The septum pellucidum: normal and abnormal. AJNR AM J Neuroradiol 10 (1989) 989-1005
26. Mitchell L.A., Simon E.M., Filly R.A., et al. Antenatal diagnosis of subependymal heterotopia. AJNR AM J Neuroradiol 21 (2000) 296-300
27. Righini A., Zirpoli S., Mrakic F., et al. Early prenatal MR imaging diagnosis of polymicrogyria. AJNR AM J Neuroradiol 25 (2004) 343-346
28. Twickler D.M., Reichel T., McIntire D.D., et al. Fetal central nervous system ventricle and cisterna magna measurements by magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Obstet Gynecol 187 (2002) 927-931
29. Valsky D.V., Ben-Sira L., Porat S., et al. The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of isolated mild ventriculomegaly. J Ultrasound Med 23 (2004) 519-523
30. Wyldes M., and Watkinson M. Isolated mild fetal ventriculomegaly. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 89 (2004) F9-F13
31. Patel M.D., Filly A.L., Hersh D.R., et al. Isolated mild fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly: clinical course and outcome. Radiology 192 (1994) 759-764
32. Vergani P., Locatelli A., Piccoli M.G., et al. Clinical outcome of mild fetal ventriculomegaly. Am J Obstet Gynecol 178 (1998) 218-222
33. Siedler E.D., and Filly R.A. Relative growth of the higher fetal brain structures. J Ultrasound Med 6 (1987) 573-576
34. Breeze A.C.G., Dey P.K., Lees C.C., et al. Obstetric and neonatal outcomes in apparently isolated mild fetal ventriculomegaly. J Perinat Med 33 (2005) 236-240
35. Komiyama M., Ishiguro T., Kitano S., et al. Serial antenatal sonographic observation of cerebral dural sinus malformation. AJNR AM J Neuroradiol 25 (2004) 1446-1448
36. Jung E., Won H.S., Kim S.K., et al. Spontaneous resolution of prenatally diagnosed dural sinus thrombosis: a case report. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 27 (2006) 562-565
37. Barkovich A.J., and Linden C.E. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection of the brain: imaging analysis and embryologic considerations. AJNR AM J Neuroradiol 15 (1994) 703-715