Dental caries prevalence and risk factors among 12-year old schoolchildren from Baghdad, Iraq: A post-war survey

International Dental Journal

Volumn 57, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 36-44

  Ahmed, Nibras Abdul Majeed ^a,b   Åstrøm, Anne N ^a   Skaug, Nils ^a   Petersen, Poul Erik ^a  

^a Department of Oral Biology ^*

^b UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

Dental caries; Iraq; Oral hygiene; Sugar intake

Indexed keywords

EID: 33847019263     PISSN: 00206539     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1875-595X.2007.tb00116.x     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Toverud G. The influence of war and post-war conditions on the teeth of Norwegian school children. III. Discussion of food supply and dental condition in Norway and other European countries. Milbank Mem Fund Q 1957 35: 373-459.
2. Takeuchi M. Epidemiology study on dental caries in Japanese children before and after World War II. Int Dent J 1961 11: 443-457.
3. Petersen PE. The World Oral Health Report 2003: continuous improvement of oral health in the 21 st century - the approach of the WHO Global Oral Health Programme. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2003 31 Suppl 1: 3-23.
4. Moynihan P, Petersen PE. Diet, nutrition and the prevention of dental diseases. Public Health Nutr 2004 7: 201-226.
5. Sundby A, Petersen PE. Oral health status in relation to ethnicity of children in the muncipality of Copenhagen, Denmark. Int J Paediatr Dent 2003 3: 150-157.
6. Olojugba OO, Lennon MA. Sugar consumption in 5 and 12-year-old school children in Ondo State, Nigeria in 1985. Community Dent Health 1990 7: 259-265.
7. Nyandindi U, Palin-Palokas T, Milen A et al. Oral health knowledge, attitudes, behaviour and skills of children entering school in urban and rural areas in Tanzania. Public Health 1994 108: 35-41.
8. Blay D, Astrom AN, Haugejorden O. Oral hygiene and sugar consumption among urban and rural adolescents in Ghana. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2000 28: 443-450.
9. Kiwanuka SN, Astrom AN, Trovik TA. Dental caries experience and its relationship to social and behavioural factors among 3-5-year-old children in Uganda. Int J Paediatr Dent 2004 14: 336-346.
10. Petersen PE. Sociobehavioural risk factors in dental caries-international perspectives. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2005 4: 274-279.
11. Petersen PE, Hoerup N, Poomviset N et al. Oral health status and oral health behaviour of urban and rural schoolchildrcn in Southern Thailand. Int Dent J 2001 51: 95-102.
12. Jamel HA, Sheiham A. The relationship between sweet preference and dental caries in Iraqi school children. Odontostomatol Trop 1986 9: 27-33.
13. Jamel HA, Sheiham A, Cowell CR et al. Taste preference for sweetness in urban and rural populations in Iraq. J Dent Res 1996 75: 1879-1884.
14. Jamel HA, Sheiham A, Watt RG et al. Sweet preference, consumption of sweet tea and dental caries; studies in urban and rural Iraqi populations. Int Dent J 1997 47: 213-217.
15. Jamel H, Plasschaert A, Sheiham A. Dental caries experience and availability of sugars in Iraqi children before and after the United Nations sanctions. Int Dent J 2004 54: 21-25.
16. Central Intelligence Agency. The World Fact Book. Iraq. (Available from the internet at: http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/iz.html
17. World Health Organisation. Oral Health Surveys - Basic Methods. 4th ed. Geneva: World Health Organisation, 1997.
18. Bardsen A, Bjorvatn K, Selvig KA. Variability in fluoride content of subsurface water reservoirs. Acta Odontol Scand 1996 54: 343-347.
19. Sohn W, Burt BA, Sowers MR. Carbonated soft drinks and dental caries in the primary dentition. J Dent Res 2006 85: 262-266.
20. de Vries HC, Lucker TP, Cremers SB et al. Food choice and caries experience in Dutch teenagers as a function of the level of education of their parents. Eur J Clin Nutr 1990 44: 839-846.
21. Olojugba OO, Lennon MA. Dental caries experience in 5- and 12-year-old school children in Ondo State, Nigeria in 1977 and 1983. Community Dent Health 1987 4: 129-135.
22. Ismail AI, Tanzer JM, Dingle JL. Current trends of sugar consumption in developing societies. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1997 25: 438-443.
23. Baghdady VS, Ghose LJ. Dental caries prevalence in schoolchildren of Baghdad province, Iraq. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1982 10: 148-151.
24. Legler DW, Al-Alousi W, Jamison HC. Dental caries prevalence in secondary school students in Iraq. J Dent Res 1980 59: 1936-1940.