Evaluation of tongue coating indices

Oral Diseases

Volumn 13, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 177-180

  Lundgren, T ^a,b   Mobilia, A ^a   Hallstrom H ^a   Egelberg, J ^a  

^a LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Department of Orofacial Sciences ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Tongue coating; Tongue coating index; Wet weight of tongue scrapings

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION COEFFICIENT; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MOUTH EXAMINATION; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REPRODUCIBILITY; SCORING SYSTEM; TONGUE;

ADULT; BACTERIA; BLOOD CELLS; EPITHELIAL CELLS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; OBSERVER VARIATION; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; TONGUE;

EID: 33846976983     PISSN: 1354523X     EISSN: 16010825     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2006.01261.x     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Amir E, Shimonov R, Rosenberg M (1999). Halitosis in children. J Pediatr 134: 338-343.
2. Awano S, Gohara K, Kurihara E, Ansai T, Takehara T (2002). The relationship between the presence of periodontopathogenic bacteria in saliva and halitosis. Int Dent J 52: 212-216.
3. Bosy A, Kulkarni GV, Rosenberg M, McCulloch CAG (1994). Relationship of oral malodor to periodontitis: evidence of independence in discrete subpopulations. J Periodontol 65: 37-46.
4. De Boever EH, Loesche WJ (1995). Assessing the contribution of the anaerobic microflora of the tongue to malodor. J Am Dent Assoc 126: 1384-1393.
5. Gomez SM, Danser MM, Sipos PM, Rowshani B, van der Welden U, van der Weijden GA (2001). Tongue coating and salivary bacterial counts in healthy/gingivitis subjects and periodontal patients. J Clin Periodontol 28: 970-978.
6. Hinode D, Fukui M, Yokoyama N, Yokoyama M, Yoshioka M, Nakamura R (2003). Relationship between tongue coating and secretory-immunoglobulin A level in saliva obtained from patients complaining of oral malodor. J Clin Periodontol 30: 1017-1023.
7. Lee CH, Kho HS, Chung SC, Lee SW, Kim YK (2003). The relationship between volatile sulfur compounds and major halitosis-inducing factors. J Periodontol 74: 32-37.
8. Loesche WJ, Kazor C (2002). Microbiology and treatment of halitosis. Periodontol 2000 28: 256-279.
9. Miyazaki H, Sakao S, Katoh Y, Takehara T (1995). Correlation between volatile sulphur compounds and certain oral health measurements in the general population. J Periodontol 66: 679-684.
10. Morita M, Wang HL (2001). Relationship between sulcular sulfide level and oral malodor in subjects with periodontal disease. J Periodontol 72: 79-84.
11. Oho T, Yoshida Y, Shimazaki Y, Yamashita Y, Koga T (2001). Characteristics of patients complaining of halitosis and the usefulness of gas chromatography for diagnosing halitosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 91: 531-534.
12. Quirynen M, Mongardini C, van Steenberghe D (1998). The effect of a 1-stage full-mouth disinfection on oral malodor and microbial colonization of the tongue in periodontitis patients. A pilot study. J Periodontol 69: 374-382.
13. Roldan S, Herrera D, Sanz M (2003). Biofilms of the tongue: therapeutical approaches for the control of halitosis. Clin Oral Investig 7: 189-197.
14. Roldan S, Herrera D, Santa-Cruz I, O'Connor A, Gonzalez I, Sanz M (2004). Comparative effects of different chlorhexidine mouth-rinse formulations on volatile sulphur compounds and salivary bacterial counts. J Clin Periodontol 31: 1128-1134.
15. Seemann R, Kison A, Bizhang M, Zimmer S (2001). Effectiveness of mechanical tongue cleaning on oral levels of volatile sulfur compounds. J Am Dent Assoc 132: 1263-1267.
16. Suarez FL, Furne JK, Springfield J, Levitt MD (2000). Morning breath odor: influence of treatments on sulfur gases. J Dent Res 79: 1773-1777.
17. Tanaka M, Anguri H, Nishida N, Ojima M, Nagata H, Shizukuishi S (2003). Reliability of clinical parameters for predicting the outcome of oral malodor treatment. J Dent Res 82: 518-522.
18. Tonzetich J, Ng SK (1976). Reduction of malodor by oral cleansing procedures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 42: 172-181.
19. Winkel EG, Roldan S, Van Winkelhoff AJ, Herrera D, Sanz M (2003). Clinical effects of a new mouthrinse containing chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium chloride and zinc-lactate on oral halitosis. A dual-center, double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Clin Periodontol 30: 300-306.
20. Yaegaki K, Sanada K (1992). Volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air from clinically healthy subjects and patients with periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res 27: 233-238.