메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 49, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 111-130

Promising practices in employer health and productivity management efforts: Findings from a benchmarking study

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH PROGRAM; HUMAN; INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION; OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH; ORGANIZATION; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRODUCTIVITY;

EID: 33846961141     PISSN: 10762752     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31802ec6a3     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (150)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 33846974199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conducted by the Association for Worksite Health Promotion; William M
    • 1999 National Worksite Health Promotion Survey:, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
    • 1999 National Worksite Health Promotion Survey: Conducted by the Association for Worksite Health Promotion; William M. Mercer, Incorporated and the US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion: 1999.
    • (1999) Mercer, Incorporated and the US Department of Health and Human Services
  • 3
    • 2542471262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Health & Human Services, US Department of Health & Human Services:, Available at, Accessed January 3
    • US Department of Health & Human Services. Prevention makes common "cents." US Department of Health & Human Services: 2003. Available at http://aspe.hhs.gov/health/prevention/. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • (2003) Prevention makes common cents
  • 4
    • 33847004208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hewitt Associates, News and Information, press release dated October 9, 2006. Hewitt Associates Data Reveals Lowest U.S. Health Care Cost Increases in Eight Years. Reported by Helen Darling, President, National Business Group on Health, posted October 9, 2006. Available at www.wbgh.org. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • Hewitt Associates, News and Information, press release dated October 9, 2006. Hewitt Associates Data Reveals Lowest U.S. Health Care Cost Increases in Eight Years. Reported by Helen Darling, President, National Business Group on Health, posted October 9, 2006. Available at www.wbgh.org. Accessed January 3, 2007.
  • 5
    • 33846942824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towers Perrin 2007 Health Care Cost Survey, press release dated September 26, 2006, Towers Perrin survey shows employer-sponsored health benefit costs continue to outpace the CPI -projected 6% increase for 2007 means annual cost per employee will approach $9,000. Reported by Helen Darling, President, National Business Group on Health, posted September 29, 2006. Available at www.wbgh.org. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • Towers Perrin 2007 Health Care Cost Survey, press release dated September 26, 2006, Towers Perrin survey shows employer-sponsored health benefit costs continue to outpace the CPI -projected 6% increase for 2007 means annual cost per employee will approach $9,000. Reported by Helen Darling, President, National Business Group on Health, posted September 29, 2006. Available at www.wbgh.org. Accessed January 3, 2007.
  • 6
    • 33846990736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Foundation of Employee Benefit Plans. Survey of Wellness Programs: 2006. Available at books@ifebp.org or www.ifebp.org/bookstore. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • International Foundation of Employee Benefit Plans. Survey of Wellness Programs: 2006. Available at books@ifebp.org or www.ifebp.org/bookstore. Accessed January 3, 2007.
  • 7
    • 33846953396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linnan L, Bowling M, Lindsay G, Bachtel J, Blekey C, Pronk S. Weiker S, Royall P. Results from the 2004 National Worksite Health Promotion Survey. Presented as a poster at the 2006 National Prevention Summitt, Washington, DC, October 26-27, 2006.
    • Linnan L, Bowling M, Lindsay G, Bachtel J, Blekey C, Pronk S. Weiker S, Royall P. Results from the 2004 National Worksite Health Promotion Survey. Presented as a poster at the 2006 National Prevention Summitt, Washington, DC, October 26-27, 2006.
  • 8
    • 85127187643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goetzel RZ. A Corporate Perspective: Reflections from the Economic Buyer of Health Promotion Programs. Am J Health Promot. 2001;15:357.
    • Goetzel RZ. A Corporate Perspective: Reflections from the Economic Buyer of Health Promotion Programs. Am J Health Promot. 2001;15:357.
  • 9
    • 33846993235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Enhancement Research Organization HERO, Available at, Accessed January 3, 2007
    • Health Enhancement Research Organization (HERO). Available at http://www.the-hero.org/. Accessed January 3, 2007.
  • 10
    • 33846941766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ogden CL, Fryar CD, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. Mean Body Weight, Height, and Body Mass Index, United States 1960-2002. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Advance Data from Vital and Health Statistics. October 27, 2004; Number 347.
    • Ogden CL, Fryar CD, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. Mean Body Weight, Height, and Body Mass Index, United States 1960-2002. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Advance Data from Vital and Health Statistics. October 27, 2004; Number 347.
  • 12
    • 0033776187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between modifiable health risks and group-level health care expenditures. Health Enhancement Research Organization (HERO) Research Committee
    • Anderson DR, Whitmer RW, Goetzel RZ, Ozminkowski RJ, Dunn RL, Wasserman J et al. The relationship between modifiable health risks and group-level health care expenditures. Health Enhancement Research Organization (HERO) Research Committee. Am J Health Promot. 2000;15:45-52.
    • (2000) Am J Health Promot , vol.15 , pp. 45-52
    • Anderson, D.R.1    Whitmer, R.W.2    Goetzel, R.Z.3    Ozminkowski, R.J.4    Dunn, R.L.5    Wasserman, J.6
  • 13
    • 33846966154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Promotion and Disease Management Programs
    • Employee Benefit Research Institute, Washington DC: EBRI;, Available at, Accessed January 3
    • Employee Benefit Research Institute. Health Promotion and Disease Management Programs. In: Fundamentals of Employee Benefit Programs. Washington DC: EBRI; 2005. Available at http://www.ebri.org/pdf/notespdf/ 0701notes.pdf. Accessed January 3, 2007:1-16.
    • (2005) Fundamentals of Employee Benefit Programs , pp. 1-16
  • 14
    • 33846960363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Power of Prevention
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services;, Available at:, Accessed January 3
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Power of Prevention. Reducing the Health and Economic Burden of Chronic Disease. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2003. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/publications/PowerOfPrevention. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • (2003) Reducing the Health and Economic Burden of Chronic Disease
  • 15
    • 32544447397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Protection Research Initiative
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Health Protection Research Initiative. MMWR. 2004;53:924.
    • (2004) MMWR , vol.53 , pp. 924
  • 16
    • 33846944189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CDC's Healthier Worksite Initiative
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2005;17:12-15
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC's Healthier Worksite Initiative. Chronic Disease Notes and Reports. 2005;17:12-15.
    • Chronic Disease Notes and Reports
  • 17
    • 0035035290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A corporate perspective: Reflections from the economic buyer of health promotion programs
    • Goetzel RZ. A corporate perspective: reflections from the economic buyer of health promotion programs. Am J Health Promot. 2001;15:357.
    • (2001) Am J Health Promot , vol.15 , pp. 357
    • Goetzel, R.Z.1
  • 18
    • 0035037378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The financial impact of health promotion and disease prevention programs-why is it so hard to prove value?
    • Goetzel RZ. The financial impact of health promotion and disease prevention programs-why is it so hard to prove value? Am J Health Promot. 2001;15:277-280.
    • (2001) Am J Health Promot , vol.15 , pp. 277-280
    • Goetzel, R.Z.1
  • 19
    • 2542471262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Health & Human Services, US Department of Health & Human Services, Available at
    • US Department of Health & Human Services. Prevention makes common "cents." US Department of Health & Human Services. 2003. Available at http://aspe.hhs.gov/health/prevention/.
    • (2003) Prevention makes common cents
  • 21
    • 33846986651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goetzel RZ. The Role of Business in Improving the Health of Workers and the Community. Report prepared under contract for the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), October, 2001. Available at http://0-www.cdc.gov.mill1.sjlibrary.org/niosh/worklife/steps/2004/whitepapers. html. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • Goetzel RZ. The Role of Business in Improving the Health of Workers and the Community. Report prepared under contract for the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS), October, 2001. Available at http://0-www.cdc.gov.mill1.sjlibrary.org/niosh/worklife/steps/2004/whitepapers. html. Accessed January 3, 2007.
  • 22
    • 0035034075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention: Is there value for corporate purchasers?
    • Kerr V. Prevention: is there value for corporate purchasers? Am J Health Promot. 2001;15:360-361.
    • (2001) Am J Health Promot , vol.15 , pp. 360-361
    • Kerr, V.1
  • 23
    • 1542358617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essential building blocks for successful worksite health promotion programs
    • Goetzel RZ, Essential building blocks for successful worksite health promotion programs. Managing Employee Health Benefits. 1997;6:1.
    • (1997) Managing Employee Health Benefits , vol.6 , pp. 1
    • Goetzel, R.Z.1
  • 24
    • 33846941022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Productivity and Quality Center, corporate health promotion and demand management consortium benchmarking study. Final Report;, Available at
    • O'Donnell M. American Productivity and Quality Center, corporate health promotion and demand management consortium benchmarking study. Final Report; 1996. Available at www.apqc.org.
    • (1996)
    • O'Donnell, M.1
  • 26
    • 34248229246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health and Productivity Management
    • Houston, TX: American Productivity and Quality Center International Benchmarking Clearinghouse; 1998. Available at, Accessed January 3
    • Goetzel RZ, Guindon A, Humphries L, Newton P, Turshen J, Webb R. Health and Productivity Management: Consortium Benchmarking Study Best Practice Report. Houston, TX: American Productivity and Quality Center International Benchmarking Clearinghouse; 1998. Available at www.apqc.org. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • (2007) Consortium Benchmarking Study Best Practice Report
    • Goetzel, R.Z.1    Guindon, A.2    Humphries, L.3    Newton, P.4    Turshen, J.5    Webb, R.6
  • 30
    • 33846989630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington, March, Available at and, Accessed January 3, 2007, http://prevent.org/content/view/25/60
    • Partnership for Prevention - Leading by Example, Washington, March 2005. Available at http://www.prevent.org and http://prevent.org/content/view/25/60. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • (2005) Partnership for Prevention - Leading by Example
  • 33
    • 33846950602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C Everett Koop National Health Awards:, Accessed January 3, 2007
    • C Everett Koop National Health Awards: http://healthproject.stanford.edu/ koop/. Accessed January 3, 2007.
  • 36
    • 33846956985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Business Group on Health. Best Employer Awards. Available at http://www.apapractice.org/apo/psychologicallyhealthy.html#. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • National Business Group on Health. Best Employer Awards. Available at http://www.apapractice.org/apo/psychologicallyhealthy.html#. Accessed January 3, 2007.
  • 37
    • 33847005279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute for Health and Productivity Management, Available at, Accessed January 3
    • Institute for Health and Productivity Management. Corporate Health and Productivity Management Awards. Available at http://www.ihpm.org/awards/. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • (2007) Corporate Health and Productivity Management Awards
  • 38
    • 0031024825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of health-related outcomes of multi-component worksite health promotion programs
    • Heaney CA, Goetzel RZ. A review of health-related outcomes of multi-component worksite health promotion programs. Am J Health Promot. 1997;11:290-307.
    • (1997) Am J Health Promot , vol.11 , pp. 290-307
    • Heaney, C.A.1    Goetzel, R.Z.2
  • 39
    • 0025837220 scopus 로고
    • Threats to internal validity in worksite health promotion program research: Common problems and possible solutions
    • Conrad KM, Conrad KJ, Walcott-McQuigg J. Threats to internal validity in worksite health promotion program research: common problems and possible solutions. Am J Health Promot. 1991;6:112-122.
    • (1991) Am J Health Promot , vol.6 , pp. 112-122
    • Conrad, K.M.1    Conrad, K.J.2    Walcott-McQuigg, J.3
  • 40
    • 0023017702 scopus 로고
    • Impact of worksite health promotion on health care costs and utilization. Evaluation of Johnson & Johnson's Live for Life program
    • Bly JL, Jones RC, Richardson JE. Impact of worksite health promotion on health care costs and utilization. Evaluation of Johnson & Johnson's Live for Life program. JAMA. 1986;256:3235-3240.
    • (1986) JAMA , vol.256 , pp. 3235-3240
    • Bly, J.L.1    Jones, R.C.2    Richardson, J.E.3
  • 41
    • 85127222788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ozminkowski RJ, Dunn RL, Goetzel RZ, Cantor RI, Murnane J, Harrison M. A return on investment evaluation of the Citibank, NA, health management program. Am J Health Promot. 1999;14:31-43.
    • Ozminkowski RJ, Dunn RL, Goetzel RZ, Cantor RI, Murnane J, Harrison M. A return on investment evaluation of the Citibank, NA, health management program. Am J Health Promot. 1999;14:31-43.
  • 42
    • 0034820086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in health risks among the participants in the United Auto Workers-General Motors LifeSteps Health Promotion Program
    • Yen L, Edington MP, McDonald T, Hirschland D, Edington DW. Changes in health risks among the participants in the United Auto Workers-General Motors LifeSteps Health Promotion Program. Am J Health Promot. 2001;16:7-15.
    • (2001) Am J Health Promot , vol.16 , pp. 7-15
    • Yen, L.1    Edington, M.P.2    McDonald, T.3    Hirschland, D.4    Edington, D.W.5
  • 43
    • 0037323620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifiable impact of the Contract for Health and Wellness: Health behaviors, health care costs, disability, and workers' compensation
    • Stave GM, Muchmore L, Gardner H. Quantifiable impact of the Contract for Health and Wellness: health behaviors, health care costs, disability, and workers' compensation. J Occup Environ Med. 2003;45:109-117.
    • (2003) J Occup Environ Med , vol.45 , pp. 109-117
    • Stave, G.M.1    Muchmore, L.2    Gardner, H.3
  • 44
    • 7944221331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financial impact of a comprehensive multisite workplace health promotion program
    • Aldana SG, Merrill RM, Price K, Hardy A, Hager R. Financial impact of a comprehensive multisite workplace health promotion program. Prev Med. 2005;40:131-137.
    • (2005) Prev Med , vol.40 , pp. 131-137
    • Aldana, S.G.1    Merrill, R.M.2    Price, K.3    Hardy, A.4    Hager, R.5
  • 47
    • 33846989628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hawaii Medical Service Association
    • HealthPass program evaluation. St. Paul, MN: Staywell Health Management
    • Gold DB, Grossmeier J, Serxner SA. Hawaii Medical Service Association/Health Education and Preventive Services. HealthPass program evaluation. St. Paul, MN: Staywell Health Management: 2002.
    • (2002) Health Education and Preventive Services
    • Gold, D.B.1    Grossmeier, J.2    Serxner, S.A.3
  • 48
    • 0035157389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review and analysis of the clinical-and cost-effectiveness studies of comprehensive health promotion and disease prevention programs at the worksite: 1998-2000 update
    • Pelletier K. A review and analysis of the clinical-and cost-effectiveness studies of comprehensive health promotion and disease prevention programs at the worksite: 1998-2000 update. Am J Health Promot. 2001;16(2):107-116.
    • (2001) Am J Health Promot , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 107-116
    • Pelletier, K.1
  • 49
    • 27144478957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review and analysis of the clinical and cost-effectiveness studies of comprehensive health promotion and disease management programs at the worksite: Update VI 2000-2004
    • Pelletier KR. A review and analysis of the clinical and cost-effectiveness studies of comprehensive health promotion and disease management programs at the worksite: update VI 2000-2004. J Occup Environ Med. 2005;47:1051-1058.
    • (2005) J Occup Environ Med , vol.47 , pp. 1051-1058
    • Pelletier, K.R.1
  • 50
    • 0003125431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What's the ROI? A systematic review of return on investment (ROI) studies of corporate health and productivity management initiatives
    • Summer
    • Goetzel RZ, Juday TR, Ozminkowski RJ. What's the ROI? A systematic review of return on investment (ROI) studies of corporate health and productivity management initiatives. AWHP's Worksite Health. Summer. 1999.
    • (1999) AWHP's Worksite Health
    • Goetzel, R.Z.1    Juday, T.R.2    Ozminkowski, R.J.3
  • 51
    • 0035039593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financial impact of health promotion programs: A comprehensive review of the literature
    • Aldana SG. Financial impact of health promotion programs: a comprehensive review of the literature. Am J Health Promot. 2001;15:296-320.
    • (2001) Am J Health Promot , vol.15 , pp. 296-320
    • Aldana, S.G.1
  • 52
    • 23044436119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-evaluation of worksite health promotion economic return studies
    • Chapman L. Meta-evaluation of worksite health promotion economic return studies. Am J Health Promot. 2003;6:1-16.
    • (2003) Am J Health Promot , vol.6 , pp. 1-16
    • Chapman, L.1
  • 53
    • 0025253480 scopus 로고
    • Worksite health promotion: Its evolution and the Johnson and Johnson experience
    • Breslow L, Fielding J, Herman AA, et al. Worksite health promotion: its evolution and the Johnson and Johnson experience. Preventive Medicine. 1994;19:13-21.
    • (1994) Preventive Medicine , vol.19 , pp. 13-21
    • Breslow, L.1    Fielding, J.2    Herman, A.A.3
  • 54
    • 0023017702 scopus 로고
    • Impact of worksite health promotion on health care costs and utilization: Evaluation of the Johnson and Johnson LIVE FOR LIFE program
    • Bly J, Jones R, Richardson J. Impact of worksite health promotion on health care costs and utilization: evaluation of the Johnson and Johnson LIVE FOR LIFE program. JAMA. 1986;256:3236-3240.
    • (1986) JAMA , vol.256 , pp. 3236-3240
    • Bly, J.1    Jones, R.2    Richardson, J.3
  • 55
    • 0034108043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ozminkowski RJ, Goetzel RZ, Smith MW, Cantor RI, Shaughnessy A, Harrison M. The impact of the Citibank, NA, health management program on changes in employee health risks over time. J Occup Environ Med. 2000;42:502-511.
    • Ozminkowski RJ, Goetzel RZ, Smith MW, Cantor RI, Shaughnessy A, Harrison M. The impact of the Citibank, NA, health management program on changes in employee health risks over time. J Occup Environ Med. 2000;42:502-511.
  • 56
    • 0025121054 scopus 로고
    • The effects of worksite health promotion on absenteeism and employee costs in a large industrial population
    • Bertera R. The effects of worksite health promotion on absenteeism and employee costs in a large industrial population. Am J Pub Health. 1990;80:1101-1105.
    • (1990) Am J Pub Health , vol.80 , pp. 1101-1105
    • Bertera, R.1
  • 57
    • 0026663948 scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of a retiree health promotion program: The Bank of America study
    • Leigh J, Richardson N, Beck R, et al. Randomized controlled trial of a retiree health promotion program: the Bank of America study. Arch Int Med. 1992;152:1201-1206.
    • (1992) Arch Int Med , vol.152 , pp. 1201-1206
    • Leigh, J.1    Richardson, N.2    Beck, R.3
  • 58
    • 0027177208 scopus 로고
    • Two-year results of a randomized controlled trial of a health promotion program in a retiree population: The Bank of America study
    • Fries J, Bloch D, Harrington H, Richardson N, Beck R. Two-year results of a randomized controlled trial of a health promotion program in a retiree population: the Bank of America study. Am J Med. 1993;94:455-462.
    • (1993) Am J Med , vol.94 , pp. 455-462
    • Fries, J.1    Bloch, D.2    Harrington, H.3    Richardson, N.4    Beck, R.5
  • 59
    • 0022639640 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary investigation: Effects of a corporate fitness program on absenteeism and health care costs
    • Baun W, Bernacki E, Tsai S. A preliminary investigation: Effects of a corporate fitness program on absenteeism and health care costs. J Occup Med. 1986;28:18-22.
    • (1986) J Occup Med , vol.28 , pp. 18-22
    • Baun, W.1    Bernacki, E.2    Tsai, S.3
  • 60
    • 0028345506 scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of Duke University's LIVE FOR LIFE health promotion program on changes in worker absenteeism
    • Knight K, Goetzel R, Fielding J, et al. An evaluation of Duke University's LIVE FOR LIFE health promotion program on changes in worker absenteeism. J Occup Med. 1994;36:533-536.
    • (1994) J Occup Med , vol.36 , pp. 533-536
    • Knight, K.1    Goetzel, R.2    Fielding, J.3
  • 61
    • 0027953407 scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of cost reductions from a health education program: The California Public Employees Retirement System (PERS) study
    • Fries J, Harrington H, Edwards R, Kent L, Richardson N. Randomized controlled trial of cost reductions from a health education program: The California Public Employees Retirement System (PERS) study. Am J Health Promot. 1994;8:216-223.
    • (1994) Am J Health Promot , vol.8 , pp. 216-223
    • Fries, J.1    Harrington, H.2    Edwards, R.3    Kent, L.4    Richardson, N.5
  • 62
    • 0031917770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health care costs of worksite health promotion participants and nonparticipants
    • Goetzel R, Jacobsen B, Aldana S, Vardell K, Yee L. Health care costs of worksite health promotion participants and nonparticipants. J Occup Environ Med. 1998;40:341-346.
    • (1998) J Occup Environ Med , vol.40 , pp. 341-346
    • Goetzel, R.1    Jacobsen, B.2    Aldana, S.3    Vardell, K.4    Yee, L.5
  • 63
    • 0031869845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences between descriptive and multivariate estimates of the impact of Chevron Corporation's Health Quest program on medical expenditures
    • Goetzel R, Dunn R, Ozminkowski R, Satin K, Whitehead D, Cahill K. Differences between descriptive and multivariate estimates of the impact of Chevron Corporation's Health Quest program on medical expenditures. J Occup Environ Med. 1998;40:538-545.
    • (1998) J Occup Environ Med , vol.40 , pp. 538-545
    • Goetzel, R.1    Dunn, R.2    Ozminkowski, R.3    Satin, K.4    Whitehead, D.5    Cahill, K.6
  • 64
    • 27144478957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review and analysis of the clinical and cost-effectiveness studies of comprehensive health promotion and disease management programs at the worksite: Update VI 2000-2004
    • Pelletier KR. A review and analysis of the clinical and cost-effectiveness studies of comprehensive health promotion and disease management programs at the worksite: update VI 2000-2004. J Occup Environ Med. 2005;47:1051-1058.
    • (2005) J Occup Environ Med , vol.47 , pp. 1051-1058
    • Pelletier, K.R.1
  • 66
    • 0035026042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Getting closer to the truth: Overcoming research challenges when estimating the financial impact of worksite health promotion programs
    • Ozminkowski RJ, Goetzel RZ. Getting closer to the truth: overcoming research challenges when estimating the financial impact of worksite health promotion programs. Am J Health Promot. 2001;15:289-295.
    • (2001) Am J Health Promot , vol.15 , pp. 289-295
    • Ozminkowski, R.J.1    Goetzel, R.Z.2
  • 67
    • 0035026042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Getting Closer to the Truth: Overcoming Research Challenges when Estimating the Financial Impact of Worksite Health Promotion Programs
    • Ozminkowski RJ, and Goetzel RZ. Getting Closer to the Truth: Overcoming Research Challenges when Estimating the Financial Impact of Worksite Health Promotion Programs. Am J Health Promot. 2001;15:5.
    • (2001) Am J Health Promot , vol.15 , pp. 5
    • Ozminkowski, R.J.1    Goetzel, R.Z.2
  • 68
    • 33846963363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Washington Business Group on Health, Available at, Accessed January 3
    • Washington Business Group on Health. About the Institute on Health Care Costs and Solutions Website. Available at http://www.wbgh.com/healthcarecosts/ institute.cfm. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • (2007) About the Institute on Health Care Costs and Solutions Website
  • 69
    • 33846951345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partnership for Prevention. Leading by Example: Improving the Bottom Line Through a High Performance, Less Costly Workforce. Washington DC: Partnership for Prevention; 2005. Accessed January 3, 2007.
    • Partnership for Prevention. Leading by Example: Improving the Bottom Line Through a High Performance, Less Costly Workforce. Washington DC: Partnership for Prevention; 2005. Accessed January 3, 2007.
  • 70
    • 0003396332 scopus 로고
    • 3rd Edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
    • Cochran WB. Sampling Techniques, 3rd Edition. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1977.
    • (1977) Sampling Techniques
    • Cochran, W.B.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.