How fast is landfast sea ice? A study of the attachment and detachment of nearshore ice at Barrow, Alaska

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Volumn 47, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 233-255

  Mahoney, Andrew ^a   Eicken, Hajo ^a   Shapiro, Lewis ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS   (United States)

Author keywords

Anchoring strength; Grounded ridges; Landfast sea ice; Radar; Sea ice thickness

Indexed keywords

ACCELERATION MEASUREMENT; DEFORMATION; MARINE RADAR; OPTICAL RESOLVING POWER; RADAR IMAGING; VELOCITY MEASUREMENT;

ANCHORING STRENGTH; ICE VELOCITY; LANDFAST SEA ICE; NEARSHORE ICE; SEA ICE DEFORMATION;

SEA ICE;

ATMOSPHERIC FORCING; BACKSCATTER; DRAG; ICE MOVEMENT; ICE THICKNESS; IMAGE RESOLUTION; NEARSHORE DYNAMICS; RADAR IMAGERY; SEA ICE; WATER DEPTH;

ALASKA; BARROW; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 33846665627     PISSN: 0165232X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2006.09.005     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Aoki S., Ozawa T., Doi K., and Shibuya K. GPS observation of the sea level variation in Ltzow-Holm Bay, Antarctica. Geophysical Research Letters 27 (2000) 2285-2288
2. Bates H.F., and Shapiro L. Long-period gravity waves in ice-covered seas. Journal of Geophysical Research 85 (1980) 1095-1100
3. Been K., Kosar K., Hachey J., Rogers B.T., and Palmer A. Ice Scour Models, 9th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering vol. 5 (1990), American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Houston, TX 179-188 Feb 18-23, 1990
4. Blanchet D. Ice loads from first-year ice ridges and rubble fields. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 25 (1998) 206-215
5. Cole D.M., Eicken H., Frey K., and Shapiro L.H. Observations of banding in first-year Arctic sea ice. Journal Geophysical Research 109 (2004) 10.1029/2003JC001993
6. Croasdale K.R., Bruneau S., Christian D., Crocker G., English J., Metge M., and Ritch R. In-Situ Measurements on the Strength of First-Year Ice Ridge Keels. 16th International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions, Ottawa, Canada, August 12-17, 2001 vol. 3 (2001) 1445-1454
7. Croasdale K.R., Comfort G., and Been K. Investigation of ice limits to ice gouging. 18th International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions, POAC '05, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, June 26-30, 2005 (2005) 43-52 1
8. Eicken H., Tucker W.B.I., and Perovich D.K. Indirect measurements of the mass balance of summer Arctic sea ice with an electromagnetic induction technique. Annals of Glaciology 33 (2001) 194-200
9. Fox S. In: Krupnik I., and Jolly D. (Eds). These Are Things That Are Really Happening: Inuit Perspectives on the Evidence and Impacts of Climate Change in Nunavut (2002), Arctic Research Consortium of the United States, Fairbanks 13-53
10. George J.C., Huntington H.P., Brewster K., Eicken H., Norton D.W., and Glenn R. Observations on shorefast ice dynamics in Arctic Alaska and the responses of the Iñupiat Hunting Community. Arctic 57 (2004) 363-374
11. Haas C., and Eicken H. Interannual variability of summer sea ice thickness in the Siberian and Central Arctic under different atmospheric circulation regimes. Journal of Geophysical Research 106 (2001) 4449-4462
12. Hallikainen M., and Winebrenner D.P. The Physical Basis for Sea Ice Remote Sensing. In: Carsey F.D. (Ed). Geophysical Monograph vol. 68 (1992), American Geophysical Union, Washington 29-46
13. Haykin S., Lewis E.O., Raney R.K., and Rossiter J.R. Remote Sensing of Sea Ice and Icebergs (1994), John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, NY
14. Høyland K.V. Consolidation of first-year sea ice ridges. Journal of Geophysical Research 107 (2002) 10.1029/2000JC000526
15. Høyland K.V., and Løset S. Measurements of temperature distribution, consolidation and morphology of a first-year sea ice ridge. Cold Regions Science and Technology 29 (1999) 59
16. Jolly D., Berkes F., Castledon J., Nichols T., and and the community of Sachs Harbor. In: Krupnik I., and Jolly D. (Eds). We Can't Predict the Weather Like We Used To: Inuvialuit Observations of Climate Change, Sachs Harbor, Western Canadian Arctic in The Earth Is Faster Now: Indigenous Observations of Arctic Environmental Change (2002), Arctic Research Consortium of the United States, Fairbanks, AK
17. Kovacs A., and Mellor M. Sea Ice Geomorphology and Ice as a Geologic Agent in the Northern Beaufort Sea. In: Reed J.C., and Sater J.E. (Eds). The Coast and Shelf of the Beaufort Sea (1974), Arctic Institute of North America, Arlington, VA 113-162
18. Kovacs A., and Sodhi D. Onshore ice ridge-up and pile-up: observations from theoretical assessment. In: Chen A.T., and Leidersdorf P. (Eds). Arctic Coastal Processes and Slope Protection, Reston, VA, American Society of Civil Engineers, ASCE Technical Council on Cold Regions (1988) 108-142
19. Langleben M.P. Water drag coefficient of first-year sea ice. Journal of Geophysical Research 87 (1982) 573-578
20. Leppäranta M., and Hakala R. The structure and strength of first-year ice ridges in the Baltic Sea. Cold Regions Science Technology 20 (1992) 295-311
21. Leppäranta M., Lensu M., Kosloff P., and Veitch B. The life story of a first-year sea ice ridge. Cold Regions Science and Technology 23 (1995) 279
22. MacDonald T. Ice floe breaks: 58 whalers flown to safety. The Arctic Sounder, Barrow, Alaska 16, No. 21 (2002) 1-8
23. Mahoney, A. (2006), Alaska Landfast Sea Ice Dynamics, Ph. D. thesis, 152 pp, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK.
24. Mahoney A., Eicken H., Shapiro L.H., and Grenfell T.C. Ice motion and driving forces during a spring ice shove on the Alaskan Chukchi Coast. Journal of Glaciology 50 (2004) 195-207
25. Mahoney A., Eicken H., Shapiro L., and Graves A. Defining and locating the seaward landfast ice edge in Northern Alaska. 18th International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions, POAC '05. Potsdam, N.Y., June 26-30, 2005 (2005) 100-109 3
26. Mahoney, A., Eicken, H., Shapiro, L., Gaylord, A., in press. Alaskan landfast sea ice: links with bathymetry and atmospheric circulation, Journal of Geophysical Research.
27. Marchenko A. Modelling of the formation of long grooves in the seabed by grounded ice keels. Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology 7 (2003) 1-15
28. Marchenko A. Forming of seabed scours by tidal drift of a floe joined to a grounded ridge. 18th International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions, POAC '05. Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, June 26-30, 2005 (2005) 53-64 1
29. Marsden R.F., Paquet R., and Ingram R.G. Currents under land-fast ice in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Part 1: vertical velocities. Journal of Marine Research 52 (1994) 1017-1036
30. Maykut G.A. In: Untersteiner N. (Ed). The Surface Heat and Mass Balance (1986), Martinus Nijhoff Publ., Dordrecht 395-463 NATO ASI B146
31. Norton D.W., and Graves Gaylord A. Drift velocities of ice floes in Alaska's northern Chukchi Sea flaw zone: determinants of success by spring subsistence whalers in 2000 and 2001. Arctic 57 (2004) 347-362
32. Perovich D.K., Grenfell T.C., Richter-Menge J.A., Light B., Tucker III W.B., and Eicken H. Thin and thinner: sea ice mass balance measurements during Sheba. Journal of Geophysical Research 108 (2003) 10.1029/2001JC001079
33. Phillips R., Clark J.I., and Kenny S. PRISE Studies on Gouge Forces and Subgouge Deformations. 18th International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions, POAC '05, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, June 26-30, 2005 vol. 1 (2005) 75-84
34. Pilkington G.R., O'Rourke J.C., Steen J.W., and Banke E.G. Ridge Keel Observations, Workshop on Sea Ice Ridging and Pile-up, National Research Council, Associate Committee on Geotechnical Research, Technical Memorandum, no. 134, Calgary, Alberta, October 22-24, 1980 (1980)
35. Reimnitz E. Interactions of river discharge with sea ice in proximity of Arctic deltas: a review. Polarforschung 70 (2000) 123-134
36. Reimnitz E., and Barnes P. In: Reed J.C., and Slater A.G. (Eds). Sea Ice as a Geologic Agent on the Beaufort Sea Shelf of Alaska, in The Coast and Shelf of the Beaufort Sea (Proceedings of a Symposium on Beaufort Sea Coast and Shelf Research) (1974), Arctic Institute of North America, Arlington, VA 301-353
37. Serreze M.C., Maslanik J.A., Scambos T.A., Fetterer F., Stroeve J., Knowles K., Fowler C., Drobot S., Barry R.G., and Haran T.M. A record minimum Arctic sea ice extent and area in 2002. Geophysical Research Letters 30 (2003) 1110 10.1029/2002GL016406
38. Shapiro, L.H. (1987), Mechanical Properties of Sea Ice Deformation in the near Shore Zone, in OCSEAP Final Reports, V.72, edited, pp. 357-584, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA.
39. Shapiro L.H., and Barnes P.W. Correlation of nearshore ice movement with seabed ice gouges near Barrow, Alaska. Journal Geophysical Research 96 (1991) 16979-16989
40. Shapiro L., and Metzner R. Coefficients of friction of sea ice on beach gravel. Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 109 (1987) 388-390
41. Shirasawa K. Water stress and ocean current measurements under first-year sea ice in the Canadian Arctic. Journal of Geophysical Research 91 (1986) 14, 305-14, 316
42. Stroeve J.C., Serreze M.C., Fetterer F., Arbetter T., Meier W., Maslanik J., and Knowles K. Tracking the Arctic's shrinking ice cover: another extreme September minimum in 2004. Geophysical Research Letters 32 (2005) L04501 10.1029/2004GL021810
43. Timco G.W., and Burden R.P. An analysis of the shape of sea ice ridges. Cold Regions Science and Technology 25 (1997) 65-77
44. Weeks W.F. The variation of ice strength within and between multiyear pressure ridges in the Beaufort Sea. Journal of Energy Resources Technology 107 (1985) 167-172
45. Weeks W.F., and Ackley S.F. In: Untersteiner N. (Ed). The Growth, Structure and Properties of Sea Ice (1986), Plenum Press, New York 9-164 NATO ASI B146