Martian atmospheric erosion rates

Science

Volumn 315, Issue 5811, 2007, Pages 501-503

  Barabash, Stas ^a   Fedorov, Andrei ^b   Lundin, Rickard ^a   Sauvaud, Jean Andre ^b  

^a SWEDISH INSTITUTE OF SPACE PHYSICS   (Sweden)

^b IRAP   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE; WATER;

CARBON DIOXIDE; EROSION RATE; MARS; MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE; PLANETARY SURFACE; SOLAR WIND;

ARTICLE; ASTRONOMY; ATMOSPHERIC DIFFUSION; CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSPORT; ENVIRONMENTAL EROSION; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SOLAR ENERGY; WIND;

ATMOSPHERE; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON MONOXIDE; EXTRATERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT; IONS; MARS; OXYGEN; TIME; WATER;

EID: 33846593765     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1134358     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. C. P. McKay, C. R. Stoker, Rev. Geophys. 27, 189 (1989).
2. J. F. Kasting, Icarus 94, 1 (1991).
3. J.-P. Bibring et al., Science 307, 1576 (2005).
4. S. W. Squyres et al., Science 306, 1709 (2004).
5. R. Lundin et al., Science 305, 1933 (2004).
6. M. H. Acuña et al., Science 279, 1676 (1998).
7. E. Dubinin et al., Icarus 182, 343 (2006).
8. E. Dubinin, R. Lundin, O. Norberg, N. Pissarenko, J. Geophys. Res. 98, 3991 (1993).
9. E. Carlsson et al., Icarus 182, 320 (2006).
10. R. Lundin et al., Geophys. Res. Lett. 17, 873 (1990).
11. W. Verigin et al., Planet. Space Sci. 39, 131 (1991).
12. S. Barabash et al., in Mars Express: The Scientific Payload, A. Wilson, Ed. (ESA Special Publication SP-1240, 2004), pp. 121-139.
13. A short summary of the IMA sensor is available as supporting material on Science Online.
14. J. L. Fox, Geophys. Res. Lett. 24, 2901 (1997).
15. A. Fedorov et al., Icarus 182, 329 (2006).
16. R. Modolo, G. M. Chanteur, E. Dubinin, A. P. Matthews, Ann. Geophysicae 23, 433 (2005).
17. Y. Ma, A. F. Nagy, I. V. Sokolov, K. C. Hansen, J. Geophys. Res. 109, A07211 (2004).
18. H. Lammer et al., Icarus 165, 9 (2003).
19. E. Kallio, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 11133 (1996).
20. The ASPERA-3 experiment on the ESA Mars Express is a joint effort of 15 laboratories from 10 countries, all supported by their national agences. We thank all involved agencies and the department and institutes hosting the efforts. We particularly thank the Swedish National Space Board for supporting the main Principle Investigator institute, and CNES for supporting the IMA calibrations at Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements, Toulouse, France. We are indebted to members of the European Space Agency (ESA) for their courage to embark on a mission like Mars Express and for rapidly developing a space probe to Mars, the first ESA mission to the red planet. The interplanetary electric field proxies were based on the Mars Global Surveyor MAG/ER (Magnetometer/ Electron Reflectometer) measurements (Principal Investigator M. Acuno, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA).