Grand design(er)s: David Moore, natural theology and the Royal Botanic Gardens in Glasnevin, Dublin, 1838-1879

Cultural Geographies

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 29-55

  Johnson, Nuala C ^a  

^a QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY BELFAST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Anti evolution; David Moore; Designed nature; Scientific garden

Indexed keywords

BOTANY; DESIGN; GREENSPACE; HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY; IDEOLOGY; LAND USE PLANNING; PHILOSOPHY; URBAN PLANNING;

BELFAST [NORTHERN IRELAND]; COUNTY DUBLIN; DUBLIN [COUNTY DUBLIN]; EURASIA; EUROPE; IRELAND; LEINSTER; NORTHERN IRELAND; UNITED KINGDOM; WESTERN EUROPE;

EID: 33846471210     PISSN: 14744740     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1474474007072818     Document Type: Article

References (115)

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2. B. Latour, Pandora's hope: essays on the reality of science studies (Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1999).
3. See e.g. the discussion of centres of calculation in D. P. Miller, 'Joseph Banks, empire, and "centres of calculation" in late Hanoverian London', in D.P. Miller and P. H. Reill, eds, Visions of empire: voyages, botany and representations of nature (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1996), pp. 21-37.
4. D. Livingstone, Putting science in its place (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2003);
5. idem, 'The spaces of knowledge: contributions towards a historical geography of science', Environment and planning D: society and space 13 (1995), pp. 5-31.
6. Livingstone, Putting science in its place, p. 180.
7. S. Naylor, 'The field, the museum and the lecture hall: the spaces of natural history in Victorian Cornwall', Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 27 (2002), pp. 494-513;
8. C. Withers, Geography, science and national identity: Scotland since 1520 (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2001);
9. K. Anderson, 'Science and the savage: the Linnaean Society of New South Wales, 1874-1900', Ecumene 5 (1998), pp. 125-43.
10. C. Philo and C. Wilbert, eds, Animal spaces: beastly places (London, Routledge, 1999).
11. B. Parry, Trading the genome: investigating the commodification of bio-information (New York, Columbia University Press, 2004);
12. S. Whatmore, Hybrid geographies: natures cultures spaces (London, Sage, 2002).
13. M. Crang, 'Places of practice, and the practice of science', Environment and planning A 30 (1998), pp. 1971-4.
14. J. H. Brooke, Science and religion: some historical perspectives (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1991);
15. R. M. Young, Darwin's metaphor: nature'splace in Victorian culture (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1985);
16. D. N. Livingstone, 'Science, region and religion: the reception of Darwinism in Princeton, Belfast, and Edinburgh', in R.L. Numbers and J. Stenhouse, eds, Disseminating Darwinism: the role of place, race, religion and gender (New York, Cambridge University Press, 1999), pp. 7-38;
17. idem, 'Cultures of science', in J.S. Duncan, N.J. Johnson and R.H. Schein, eds, A companion to cultural geography (Oxford, Blackwell, 2003), pp. 139-50.
18. J. Prest, The garden of Eden: the botanic garden and the re-creation of paradise (New Haven, CT, Yale University Press, 1981);
19. H.R. Fletcher and W.H. Brown, The Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh 1670-1870 (Edinburgh, 1970);
20. D. Miller and P.H. Reill, eds, Visions of empire; D. P. McCracken, Gardens of empire: botanical institutions of the Victorian British empire (Leicester, Leicester University Press, 1997);
21. L. Brockway, Science and colonial expansion: the role of the British botanic gardens (London, Yale University Press, 1979);
22. R. Drayton, Nature's government: science, imperial Britain, and the 'improvement' of the world (New Haven, CT, Yale University Press, 2000).
23. D. Outram, 'New spaces in natural history', in N. Jardine, J.A. Secord and E.C. Spary, eds, Cultures of natural history (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1996), p. 256.
24. Ibid.
25. D. Moore, 'Botanical and horticultural notes, made on a journey through parts of the south of France, Spain and Portugal during the autumn of 1867', Journal of the Royal Dublin Society 5 (1870), pp. 241-55;
26. idem, 'Notes of a visit to the principal botanical and horticultural establishments in Belgium, part of Germany, and Switzerland; and of a botanical tour through parts of the Swiss Alps and north of Italy, during the autumn of 1856', Journal of the Royal Dublin Society 1 (1857); pp. 361-85.
27. D. Moore, 'On growing orchids from seeds', Gardener's Chronicle (1849), p.
28. R. E. Kohler, Landscapes and labscapes: exploring the lab-field border in biology (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2002), p. 19.
29. For a discussion of his work on potato blight see E. C. Nelson and David Moore, 'Miles J. Berkeley and scientific studies of potato blight in Ireland, 1845-1847, Archives of natural history 11 (1983), pp. 249-61.
30. Brooke, Science and religion, p. 216.
31. See e.g. Young, Darwin's metaphor.
32. P. E. M. Clinch, 'Botany and the botanic gardens', in J. Meenan and D. Clarke, eds, The Royal Dublin Society 1731-1981 (Dublin, Gill & Macmillan, 1981), pp. 185-206.
33. A.P.W. Malcolmson, John Foster: the politics of the Anglo-Irish ascendancy (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1978).
34. C. Nelson and E. McCracken, The brightest jewel: a history of the National Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, Dublin (Kilkenny, Boethius Press, 1987).
35. Quoted in D. Moore, Handbook for the botanic gardens of the Royal Dublin Society, Glasnevin (Dublin, James McGlashan, 1859), p. 3.
36. Nelson and McCracken, The brightest jewel, p. 53.
37. C. Plumptre, Narrative of a residence in Ireland during the summer of 1814, and that of 1815 (London, 1817), p. 28.
38. W. Wade, Catalogue of plants in the Dublin Society's botanic garden (Dublin, Graisberry, 1800), pp. xi-xii.
39. Brooke, Science and religion, pp. 232-4.
40. Quoted in L. Koerner, Linneaus: nature and nation (London, Harvard University Press, 1999), p. 84.
41. National Archives, Kew, W.J. Hooker correspondence, English Letters 8/99;
42. N. Niven to W. J. Hooker 18iii (1836).
43. E. C. Spary, Utopia's garden: French natural history from old regime to revolution (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2000), p. 198.
44. Ibid.
45. Quoted in Nelson and McCracken, The brightest jewel, p. 90.
46. Ibid.
47. S. Litton, Letter to the Council of the Royal Dublin Society, Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society (1839), p. 53.
48. E. C. Nelson, 'David Moore's date of birth, a correction', Glasra 7 (1983), p. 24.
49. Nelson and McCracken, The brightest jewel.
50. Testimonial from W. J. Hooker (1838), Botanic Garden Archive, Glasnevin, Dublin.
51. Moore, 'On growing orchids from seed'.
52. D. Moore, Report on the state of the Royal Dublin Society's botanic garden (Dublin, Royal Dublin Society, 1852), p. 10.
53. See McCracken, Gardens of empire; Brockway, Science and colonial expansion.
54. Brockway, Science and colonial expansion.
55. J. Browne, 'A science of empire: British bio-geography before Darwin', Revue d'histoire des sciences et leurs applications 43 (1992), pp. 425-75.
56. N. Stepan, Picturing tropical nature (London, Reaktion, 2001), p. 19.
57. Moore, Handbook for the botanic gardens, p. 19.
58. H. Ritvo, 'The order of nature: constructing the collections of Victorian zoos', in R.J. Hoage and W.A. Deiss, eds, New worlds, new animals: from menagerie to zoological park in the nineteenth century (Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996), pp. 43-50.
59. Moore, Handbook for the botanic gardens, p. 21.
60. Ibid., p. 27.
61. Ibid., p. 28.
62. Ibid.
63. Ibid., p. 29.
64. Ibid., p. 30.
65. Ibid., p. 32.
66. Ibid., p. 52.
67. Ibid., p. 67.
68. N. Niven, The visitor's companion to the botanic garden (Dublin, William Curry, 1838).
69. Moore, Handbook for the botanic gardens.
70. Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society 77 (1841), p. 53.
71. Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society 97 (1861), appendix 4, p. xxxi.
72. Why should exclusiveness and sabbatarianism be the rule at the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, whilst under her Majesty, at Kew, Free Admission is the rule on all days of the week and on Sunday, pamphlet (Dublin, Markey, 1860), p. 6.
73. Ibid. p. 7.
74. Nelson and McCracken, The brightest jewel, p. 130.
75. See E. C. Nelson and M. R. D. Seaward, 'Charles Darwin's correspondence with David Moore of Glasnevin on insectivorous plants and potatoes', Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, London, 15 (1981), pp. 157-64.
76. D. Livingstone, 'Darwin in Belfast: the evolution debate', in J. Wilson-Foster, ed., Nature in Ireland: a scientific and cultural history (Dublin, Lilliput Press, 1997), p. 394.
77. A. Desmond and J. Moore, Darwin (London, Michael Joseph, 1991).
78. J. Tyndall, Address Delivered before the British Association Assembled at Belfast, with Addition (London, Longmans, Green and Company, 1874).
79. Ibid., p. 3.
80. J. Smith, 'Une fleur du mal? Swinburne's "The sundew" and Darwin's Insectivorous Plants', Victorian Poetry 41 (2003), p. 142.
81. Science and revelation: a series of lectures in reply to the theories of Tyndall, Huxley, Darwin, Spencer (Belfast, William Mullan, 1875).
82. Livingstone, 'Darwin in Belfast', p. 401.
83. His travels were reported in the Annual Reports of the Glasnevin Botanic Gardens and were published in the Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society. These reports also listed major donors in the plant exchange network. Longer tours to continental Europe appeared as pamphlets and included 'Botanical and horticultural notes' and 'Notes of a visit' (n. 14 above).
84. See e.g. D. Moore, 'Annual Report from the Curator of the Botanic Garden, December 1855', Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society 92 (1856), pp. xxxix-xciv;
85. idem, 'Report of the Curator of the Botanic Garden for the year 1860', Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society 97 (1861), pp. xxviii-xxxi.
86. D. Livingstone, 'Science, site and speech: scientific knowledge and the spaces of rhetoric', Journal of the History of the Human Sciences (forthcoming, 2007).
87. 'Lecture on science and religion', Belfast Newsletter (Tues. 8 Dec. 1874).
88. The text of the lecture appeared in the Belfast Newsletter and the Northern Whig on Tues. 8 Dec. 1874.
89. D. Moore 'Design in the structure and fertilisation of plants a proof of the existence of God', in Science and revelation, pp. 1-32.
90. 'Lecture on science and religion', p. 5.
91. Latour, Science in action.
92. Young, Darwin's metapbor, p. 135.
93. Outram, 'New spaces', pp. 250-51.
94. Moore, 'Design in the structure', p. 5.
95. Ibid., p. 6.
96. Ibid., p. 7.
97. Ibid., p. 9.
98. Ibid., pp. 10-11.
99. Smith, 'Une fleur du mal', p. 144.
100. Moore, 'Design in the structure', p. 13.
101. Ibid., p. 19.
102. Quoted in Desmond and Moore, Darwin, p. 449.
103. Moore, 'Design in the structure', p. 21.
104. Ibid.
105. Ibid., p. 23.
106. Ibid., p. 24.
107. Ibid., p. 26.
108. Ibid.
109. Ibid., p. 28.
110. W. Dean, With Broadax and Firebrand: the destruction of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Berkeley, University of California Press, 1995), p. 163.
111. P. Short, In pursuit of plants: experiences of nineteenth and early twentieth century plant collectors (London, Timber Press, 2004).
112. C. Darwin, On the various contrivances by which British and foreign orchids are fertilised by insects (London, 1862).
113. Moore, 'Design in the structure', p. 30.
114. Stepan, Picturing tropical nature.
115. Moore, 'Design in the structure', p. 32.