Diagnostic tools for early caries detection

Journal of the American Dental Association

Volumn 137, Issue 12, 2006, Pages 1675-1684

  Zandoná, Andréa Ferreira ^a   Zero, Domenick T ^a  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF DENTISTRY   (United States)

Author keywords

Caries; Enamel, evidence based dentistry; Fluorescence; Preventive dentistry; Radiograph

Indexed keywords

EID: 33846416926     PISSN: 00028177     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2006.0113     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Beltran-Aguilar ED, Barker LK, Canto MT, et al; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Surveillance for dental caries, dental sealants, tooth retention, edentulism, and enamel fluorosis: United States, 1988-1994 and 1999-2002. MMWR Surveill Summ 2005; 54(3):1-43.
2. Ångmar-Månsson BE, al-Khateeb S, Tranæus S. Caries diagnosis. J Dent Educ 1998;62(10):771-80.
3. Hume WR. Need for change in standards of caries diagnosis: perspective based on the structure and behavior of the caries lesion. J Dent Educ 1993;57(6):439-43.
4. Fontana M, Zero DT. Assessing patients' caries risk. JADA 2006;137(9):1231-9.
5. Zero D, Fontana M, Lennon AM. Clinical applications and outcomes of using indicators of risk in caries management. J Dent Educ 2001;65(10):1126-32.
6. Klock B, Krasse B. A comparison between different methods for prediction of caries activity. Scand J Dent Res 1979;87(2):129-39.
7. Steiner M, Helfenstein U, Marthaler TM. Dental predictors of high caries increment in children. J Dent Res 1992;71(2):1926-33.
8. Young DA. New caries detection technologies and modern caries management: merging strategies. Gen Dent 2002;50(4);320-31.
9. Beiswanger BB. The clinical validation of early caries detection methodologies. In: Stookey GK, ed. Early detection of dental caries: Proceedings of the 1st Annual Indiana Conference. Indianapolis: Indiana University School of Dentistry; 1996;281-6.
10. Nyvad B, Fejerskov O. Assessing the stage of caries lesion activity on the basis of clinical and microbiological examination. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1997;25(1):69-75.
11. Pitts NB, Stamm JW. International Consensus Workshop on Caries Clinical Trials (ICW-CCT): final consensus statements-agreeing where the evidence leads. J Dent Res 2004;83(special issue C):C125-8.
12. Ekstrand KR, Ricketts DN, Kidd EA. Reproducibility and accuracy of three methods for assessment of demineralization depth on the occlusal surface: an in vitro examination. Caries Res 1997; 31(3):224-31.
13. Nyvad B, Machiulskiene V, Baelum V. Reliability of a new caries diagnostic system differentiating between active and inactive caries lesions. Caries Res 1999;33(4):252-60.
14. Ferreira Zandoná A, Ando M, Eggertsson H, et al. Clinical validation of caries detection methodologies: preliminary results (abstract 2812). J Dent Res 83(special issue A):2004. Available at: "http://iadr. confex.com/iadr/2004Hawaii/techprogram/abstract_45471.htm". Accessed Oct. 18, 2006.
15. Eggertsson H, Ferreira Zandoná AG, Jackson R, et al. New visual caries detection criteria in clinical studies (abstract 2809). J Dent Res 83(special issue A):2004. Available at: "http://iadr.confex.com/iadr/ 2004Hawaii/techprogram/abstract_47347.htm". Accessed Oct. 18, 2006.
16. Warren JJ, Levy SM, Wefel JS. Explorer probing of root caries lesions: an in vitro study. Spec Care Dent 2003;23(1):18-21.
17. Ekstrand K, Qvist V, Thylstrup A. Light microscope study of the effect of probing in occlusal surfaces. Caries Res 1987;21(4):368-74.
18. Patterson RC, Watts A, Saunders WP. Part 1: introduction. In: Modern concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of fissure caries. Chicago: Quintessence; 1990:11-6.
19. Penning C, Van Amerongen JP, Seef RE, ten Cate JM. Validity of probing for fissure caries diagnosis. Caries Res 1992;26(6):445-9.
20. Bergman G, Lindén LA. The action of the explorer on incipient caries. Sven Tandläk Tidskr 1969;62(10):629-34.
21. Hamilton JC. Should a dental explorer be used to probe suspected carious lesions? Yes-an explorer is a time-tested tool for caries detection. JADA 2005;136(11):1528-32.
22. Ångmar-Månsson B, al-Khateeb S, Tranaeus S. Monitoring the caries process: optical methods for clinical diagnosis and quantification of enamel caries. Eur J Oral Sci 1996;104(4[Pt 2]):480-5.
23. Longbottom C, Huysmans MC, Pitts NB, Los P, Bruce PG. Detection of dental decay and its extent using a.c. impedance spectroscopy. Nat Med 1996;2(2):235-7.
24. Schneiderman A, Elbaum M, Shultz T, Keem S, Greenebaum M, Driller J. Assessment of dental caries with Digital Imaging Fiber-Optic Transillumination (DIFOTI): in vitro study. Caries Res 1997;31(2): 103-10.
25. Stookey GK, Jackson RD, Zandoná AG, Analoui M. Dental caries diagnosis. Dent Clin North Am 1999;43(4):665-77.
26. Benedict HC. Notes on the fluorescence of teeth in ultra-violet rays. Science 1928;67(1739):442.
27. Alfano RR, Yao SS. Human teeth with and without dental caries studied by visible luminescent spectroscopy. J Dent Res 1981;60(2): 120-2.
28. Bjelkhagen H, Sundström F, Ångmar-Månsson B, Rydén M. Early detection of enamel caries by the luminescence excited by visible laser light. Swed Dent J 1982;6(1):1-7.
29. Sundström F, Fredriksson K, Montan S, Hafström-Björkman U, Strom J. Laser-induced fluorescence from sound and carious tooth substance: spectroscopic studies. Swed Dent J 1985;9(2):71-80.
30. Buchalla W, Lennon ÁM, Stookey GK. Comparative fluorescence spectroscopy shows differences in non-cavitated enamel caries lesions (abstract 43). Caries Res 2002;36(3):187.
31. Hafström-Björkman U, Sundström F, de Josselin de Jong E, Oliveby A, Ångmar-Månsson B. Comparison of laser fluorescence and longitudinal microradiography for quantitative assessment of in vitro enamel caries. Caries Res 1992;26(4):241-7.
32. de Josselin de Jong E, Sunsdtröm F, Westerling H, Tranæus S, ten Bosch JJ, Ångmar-Månsson B. A new method for in vivo quantification of changes in initial enamel caries with laser fluorescence. Caries Res 1995;29(1):2-7.
33. Ando M, Hall AF, Eckert GJ, Schemehorn BR, Analoui M, Stookey GK. Relative ability of laser fluorescence techniques to qantitate early mineral loss in vitro. Caries Res 1997;31(2):125-31.
34. Lagerweij M, van der Veen M, Ando M, Lukantsova L, Stookey G. The validity and repeatability of three light-induced fluorescence systems: an in vitro study. Caries Res 1999;33(3):220-6.
35. Rousseau C, Vaidya S, Creanor SL, et al. The effect of dentine on fluorescence measurements of enamel lesions in vitro. Caries Res 2002;36(6):381-5.
36. Pretty IA, Pender N, Edgar WM, Higham SM. The in vitro detection of early enamel de- and re-mineralization adjacent to bonded orthodontic cleats using quantitative light-induced fluorescence. Eur J Orthod 2003;25(3):217-23.
37. Pretty IA, Smith PW, Edgar WM, Higham SM. Detection of in vitro demineralization adjacent to restorations using quantitative light induced fluorescence (QLF). Dent Mater 2003;19(5):368-74.
38. Ferreira Zandoná AG, Analoui M, Beiswanger BB, et al. An in vitro comparison between laser fluorescence and visual examination for detection of demineralization in occlusal pit and fissures. Caries Res 1998;32(3):210-8.
39. Tranæus S, Shi XQ, Lindgren LE, Trollsås K, Ångmar-Månsson B. In vivo repeatability and reproducibility of the quantitative light-induced fluorescence method. Caries Res 2002;36(1):3-9.
40. Pretty IA, Hall AF, Smith PW, Edgar WM, Higham SM. The intra- and inter-examiner reliability of quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) analyses. Br Dent J 2002;193(2):105-9.
41. Benson PE, Pender N, Higham SM. Quantifying enamel demineralization from teeth with orthodontic brackets: a comparison of two methods, Part 1-repeatability and agreement. Eur J Orthod 2003;25(2):149-58.
42. Amaechi BT, Podoleanu A, Higham SM, Jackson DA. Correlation of quantitative light-induced fluorescence and optical coherence tomography applied for detection and quantification of early dental caries. J Biomed Opt 2003;8(4):642-7.
43. Shi XQ, Tranaeus S, Ångmar-Månsson B. Clinical caries studies using QLF. In: Stookey GK, ed. Early detection of dental caries III: Proceedings of the 6th Indiana Conference. Indianapolis: Indiana University; 2003:325-36.
44. Hibst R, Paulus R. New approach on fluorescence spectroscopy for caries detection. In: Featherstone JD, Rechmann P, Fried D, eds. Proceedings of SPIE volume 3593: Lasers in dentistry V. Bellingham Wash.: The International Society for Optical Engineering; 1999:141-7.
45. Lussi A, Imwinkelried S, Pitts N, Longbottom C, Reich E. Performance and reproducibility of a laser fluorescence system for detection of occlusal caries in vitro. Caries Res 1999;33(4):261-6.
46. Bamzahim M, Shi XQ, Ångmar-Månsson B. Occlusal caries detection and quantification by DIAGNOdent and Electronic Caries Monitor: in vitro comparison. Acta Odontol Scand 2002;60(6):360-4.
47. Pinelli C, Campos Serra M, de Castro Monteiro Loffredo L. Validity and reproducibility of a laser fluorescence system for detecting the activity of white-spot lesions on free smooth surfaces in vivo. Caries Res 2002;36(1):19-24.
48. Sheehy EC, Brailsford SR, Kidd EA, Beighton D, Zoitopoulos L. Comparison between visual examination and a laser fluorescence system for in vivo diagnosis of occlusal caries. Caries Res 2001;35(6): 421-6.
49. Morita I, Nakagaki H, Nonoyama K, Robinson C. DIAGNOdent values of occlusal surface in the first permanent molar in vivo (abstract 45). Caries Res 2002;36(3):188.
50. Longbottom C. ICDAS criteria: application and validation. In: Stookey GK, ed. Early detection of dental caries III: Proceedings of the 6th Indiana Conference. Indianapolis: Indiana University; 2003:19-27.
51. Karlsson L, Traneæus. Ångmar-Månsson B. DIAGNOdent: influence of calibration frequency on longitudinal in vitro measurements of fluorescence standards (abstract 44). Caries Res 2002;36(3):188.
52. Lussi A, Hack A, Hug I, Heckenberger H, Megert B, Stich H. Detection of approximal caries with a new laser fluorescence device. Caries Res 2006;40(2):97-103.
53. Lussi A, Hellwig E. Performance of a new laser fluorescence device for the detection of occlusal caries in vitro. J Dent 2006;34(7): 467-71.
54. Pine CM. Fibre-optic transillumination (FOTI) in caries diagnosis. In: Stookey GK, ed. Early detection of dental caries I: Proceedings of the 4th Annual Indiana Conference. Indianapolis: Indiana University; 1996:51-65.
55. Côrtes DF, Ellwood RP, Ekstrand KR. An in vitro comparison of a combined FOTI/visual examination of occlusal caries with other caries diagnostic methods and the effect of stain on their diagnostic performance. Caries Res 2003;37(1):8-16.
56. Obry-Musset AM, Cahen PM, Turlot JC, Frank RM. Approximal caries diagnosis in epidemiological studies: transillumination or bitewing radiographs? J Biol Buccale 1988;16(1):13-7.
57. Mitropoulos CM. The use of fibre-optic transillumination in the diagnosis of posterior approximal caries in clinical trials. Caries Res 1985;19(4):379-84.
58. Diagnosis and management of dental caries throughout life. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference statement, March 26-28, 2001. J Dent Educ 2001;65(10):1162-8.
59. Côrtes DF, Ekstrand KR, Elias-Boneta AR, Ellwood RP. An in vitro comparison of the ability of fibre-optic transillumination, visual inspection and radiographs to detect occlusal caries and evaluate lesion depth. Caries Res 2000;34(6):443-7.
60. Wenzel A, Verdenschot EH, Truin GJ, König KG. Accuracy of visual inspection, fiber-optic transillumination, and various radiographic image modalities for the detection of occlusal caries in extracted, non-cavitated teeth. J Dent Res 1992;71(12):1934-7.
61. Magitot E. Treatise on dental caries: Experimental and therapeutic investigations. Boston: Houghton, Osgood and Company; 1878:196.
62. Huysmans MC, Longbottom C, Pitts N. Electrical methods in occlusal caries diagnosis: an in vitro comparison with visual inspection and bite-wing radiography. Caries Res 1998;32(5):324-9.
63. Pitts NB. 'ICDAS': an international system for caries detection and assessment being developed to facilitate caries epidemiology, research and appropriate clinical management. Community Dent Health 2004;21:193-8.
64. Huysmans M. Electrical measurements for early caries detection. In: Stookey GK, ed. Early detection of dental caries II: Proceedings of the 4th Annual Indiana Conference. Indianapolis: Indiana University; 1999:123-42.
65. Lussi A, Megert B, Longbottom C, Reich E, Francescut P. Clinical performance of a laser fluorescence device for detection of occlusal caries lesions. Eur J Oral Sci 2001;109(1):14-9.
66. Yukizaki H, Kawaguchi M, Egashira S, Hayashi Y. Relationship between the electrical resistivity of enamel and the relative humidity. Connect Tissue Res 1998;38(1-4):53-7.
67. Schulte A, Gente M, Pieper K. Posteruptive changes of electrical resistance values in fissure enamel of premolars. Caries Res 1999;33(3):242-7.
68. Ellwood RP, Côrtes DF. In vitro assessment of methods of applying the electrical caries monitor for the detection of occlusal caries. Caries Res 2004;38(1):45-53.
69. Zero D. Application of clinical models in remineralization research. J Clin Dent 1999;10:74-85.
70. Backer Dirks O. The clinical testing of agents for the prevention of dental caries. Adv Fluorine Res 1966;4:1-2.
71. Nyvad B, Machiulskiene V, Baelum V. Construct and predictive validity of clinical caries diagnostic criteria assessing lesion activity. J Dent Res 2003;82(2):117-22.
72. Ekstrand KR, Ricketts DN, Longbottom C, Pitts NB. Visual and tactile assessment of arrested initial enamel carious lesions: an in vivo pilot study. Caries Res 2005;39(3):173-7.
73. Ando M, van der Veen HM, Schemehorn BR, Stookey GK. Comparative study to quantify demineralized enamel in deciduous and permanent teeth using laser- and light-induced fluorescence techniques. Caries Res 2001;35(6):464-70.
74. Al-Khateeb S, Exterkate RA, de Josselin de Jong E, Ångmar- Månsson B, ten Cate JM. Light-induced fluorescence studies on dehydration of incipient enamel lesions. Caries Res 2002;36(1):25-30.