Early Hettangian ammonites and radiolarians from the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia and their bearing on the definition of the Triassic-Jurassic boundary

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

Volumn 244, Issue 1-4, 2007, Pages 142-169

  Longridge, Louise M ^a   Carter, Elizabeth S ^b   Smith, Paul L ^a   Tipper, Howard W ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c NONE

Author keywords

Ammonites; Canada; Global Stratotype Section and Point; Queen Charlotte Islands; Radiolarians; Triassic Jurassic boundary

Indexed keywords

AMMONITE; FAUNA; FOSSIL RECORD; HETTANGIAN; NEW GENUS; NEW SPECIES; PALEOECOLOGY; RADIOLARIA; RHAETIAN; STRATOTYPE; SUCCESSION;

BRITISH COLUMBIA; CANADA; GABBS VALLEY RANGE; KENNECOTT POINT; KUNGA ISLAND; NEVADA; NEW YORK CANYON; NORTH AMERICA; QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLANDS; UNITED STATES;

AMMONOIDEA; RADIOLARIA (PROTOZOANS);

EID: 33846219089     PISSN: 00310182     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.06.027     Document Type: Article

References (126)

1. Arkell W.J. A classification of the Jurassic ammonites. Journal of Paleontology 24 (1950) 354-364
2. Baumgartner P.O. Late Jurassic Hagiastridae and Patulibracchiidae (Radiolaria) from the Argolis Peninsula (Peloponnesus, Greece). Micropaleontology 26 3 (1980) 274-322
3. Bertinelli A., Nannarone C., Passeri L., and Venturi F. Hettangian ammonites and radiolarians in the Mt. Camicia (Gran Sasso, Central Appenines). In: Gaetani M. (Ed). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia vol. 110 (2004), Dipartimento Di Scienze Della Terra, Milano 87-96
4. Bloos G. Neophyllites (Ammonoidea, Psiloceratidae) in the earliest Jurassic of South Germany. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie Palaontologie Abhandlung 211 (1999) 7-29
5. Bloos G. Psiloceratids of the earliest Jurassic in the North-West European and Mediterranean provinces - remarks and new observations. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie B, Geologie und Paläontologie 347 (2004) 1-15
6. Bloos G., and Page K.N. The basal Jurassic ammonite succession in the North-West European province - review and new results. In: Hall R.L., and Smith P.L. (Eds). Advances in Jurassic Research 2000. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on the Jurassic System. GeoResearch Forum vol. 6 (2000), Trans Tech, Switzerland 27-39
7. Bragin N.Yu. Radiolaria and Lower Mesozoic units of the USSR east regions. In: Nauka M. (Ed). Transactions vol. 469 (1991), Academy of Sciences of the USSR 1-125 (in Russian, with English summary)
8. Bragin N.Yu. Middle to Late Triassic radiolarian biostratigraphy of Sikhote-Alyn. Abstracts, INTERRAD VIII, Paris-Bierville, 8-13 September (1997) 28
9. Cameron B.E.B., and Tipper H.W. Jurassic stratigraphy of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 365 (1985) (49 pp.)
10. Carter E.S. New biostratigraphic elements for dating upper Norian strata from the Sandilands Formation, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. Marine Micropaleontology 15 (1990) 313-328
11. Carter E.S. Biochronology and paleontology of uppermost Triassic (Rhaetian) radiolarians, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. Mémoires de Géologie, Lausanne 11 (1993) (175 pp., 21 pls)
12. Carter E.S. Evolutionary trends of latest Triassic (upper Norian) and earliest Jurassic (Hettangian) Radiolaria. In: Cariou E., and Hantzpergue P. (Eds). 3rd International Symposium on Jurassic Stratigraphy, Poitiers 1991. Geobios. Mémoire Spécial vol. 17 (1994) 111-119
13. Carter E.S. Preliminary report on Pliensbachian radiolarians of Queen Charlotte Islands. Internal Report to Geological Survey of Canada, March 22 (2000)
14. Carter E.S., and Guex J. Phyletic trends in uppermost Triassic (Rhaetian) Radiolaria: two examples from Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. Micropaleontology 45 2 (1999) 183-200
15. Carter E.S., and Hori R.S. Global correlation of the radiolarian faunal change across the Triassic-Jurassic Boundary. Canadian Journal of Earth Science 42 (2005) 777-790
16. Carter E.S., and Jakobs G.K. New Aalenian Radiolaria from the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia: implications for biostratigraphic correlation. Current Research, Part A. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper vol. 91-1A (1991) 337-351
17. Carter E.S., and Tipper H.W. Proposal of Kunga Island, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada as Triassic/Jurassic global boundary stratotype. International Subcommission on Jurassic Stratigraphy. Newsletter vol. 27 (1999) 20
18. Carter E.S., Cameron B.E.B., and Smith P.L. Lower and Middle Jurassic radiolarian biostratigraphy and systematic paleontology, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 386 (1988) (110 pp.)
19. Carter E.S., Whalen P.A., and Guex J. Biochronology and Paleontology of Lower Jurassic (Hettangian and Sinemurian) radiolarians, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 496 (1998) (162 pp.)
20. Dean W.T., Donovan D.T., and Howarth M.K. The Liassic ammonite zones and subzones of the northwest European province. Bulletin of the British Museum, Natural History. Geology Series 4 (1961) 438-505
21. Desrochers A., and Orchard M.J. Stratigraphic revisions and carbonate sedimentology of the Kunga Group (Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic), Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. In: Woodsworth G.J. (Ed). Evolution and Hydrocarbon Potential of the Queen Charlotte Basin, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper vol. 90-10 (1991) 163-172
22. De Wever P., Sanfilippo A., Riedel W.R., and Gruber B. Triassic radiolarians from Greece, Sicily and Turkey. Micropaleontology 25 1 (1979) 75-110
23. De Wever P., Dumitrica P., Caulet J.P., Nigrini C., and Caridroit M. Radiolarians in the Sedimentary Record (2001), Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, The Netherlands 533 pp.
24. Dumitrica P., and Carter E.S. Family Kungalariidae, n. fam., new Mesozoic entactinarian Radiolaria with a nassellarian-type initial spicule. Micropaleontology 45 4 (1999) 418-428
25. Ehrenberg C.G. Über die Bildung der Kreidefelsen und des Kreidemergels durch unsichtbar Organismen; Königliche Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Abhandlungen, Jahre 1838 (1838) 59-147 pls. 1-4
26. Erwin D.H. The end and the beginning: recoveries from mass extinctions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 13 9 (1998) 344-349
27. Erwin D.H. Lessons from the past: biotic recoveries from mass extinctions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98 10 (2001) 5399-5403
28. Gawlik H.J., Suzuki H., and Mission S. Lower Liassic pelagic sediments in Hallstatt facies (Dürrnberg Formation) from the Hallein-Berchtesgaden Hallstatt Zone and the Lammer Basin (Hettangian-Sinemurian). Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft der Geologie und Bergbaustudenten in öesterreich 45 (2001) 39-55
29. Gorican S. Jurassic and Cretaceous radiolarian biostratigraphy and sedimentary evolution of the Budva Zone (Dinarides, Montenegro). Mémoires de Géologie, Lausanne 18 (1994) (120 pp., 28 pls)
30. Gorican S., Carter E.S., Dumitrica P., Whalen P.A., Hori R.S., O'Dogherty L., Guex J., Bartolini A., and De Wever P. Catalogue and biochronology of Pliensbachian to Aalenian radiolarians. Abstracts and Programme, Tenth Meeting of the International Association of Radiolarian Palaeontologists, University of Lausanne, September 8-12 (2003) 59
31. Gorican, S., Carter, E.S., Dumitrica, P., Whalen, P.A., Hori, R.S., De Wever, P., O'Dogherty, L., Matsuoka, A., Guex, J., (in press). Catalogue and Systematics of Pliensbachian, Toarcian and Aalenian radiolarian genera and species. Submitted to Stratigraphica no 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
32. Guex J. Remarques préliminaries sur la distribution stratigraphique des ammonites hettangiennes du New York Canyon Gabbs Valley Range, Nevada. Géologie de l'Université de Lausanne, Bulletin 250 (1980) 127-140
33. Guex J. Relations entre le genre Psiloceras et les Phylloceratida au voisinage de la limite Trias-Jurassique. Géologie de l'Université de Lausanne 260 (1982) 47-51
34. Guex J. Simplifications géométriques liées au stress écologique chez certains protists. Géologie de l'Université de Lausanne, Bulletin 324 (1993) 357-368
35. Guex J. Ammonites hettangiennes de la Gabbs Valley Range (Nevada, USA). Mémoires de Géologie, Lausanne 27 (1995) (131 pp.)
36. Guex J. Environmental stress and atavism in ammonoid evolution. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 94 (2001) 321-328
37. Guex J., Rakus M., Taylor D., and Bucher H. Selection of a GSSP candidate for the base of the Jurassic system: proposal for the New York Canyon area, Gabbs Valley Range (Nevada), USA. International Subcommission on Jurassic Stratigraphy. Newsletter vol. 24 (1997) 26-30
38. Guex J., Taylor D., Rakus M., and Bucher H. Deux nouveaux genres et quatre nouvelles espèces d'ammonites (Cephalopoda) du Lias inférieur. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 86 1 (1998) 73-85
39. 13C negative anomalies located around the Triassic-Jurassic boundary. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 88 2 (2002) 247-255
40. 13C excursions near the Triassic-Jurassic boundary in the New York Canyon area (Gabbs Valley Range, Nevada). Géologie de l'Université de Lausanne, Bulletin 360 (2003)
41. Guex J., Bartolini A., Atudorei V., and Taylor D. High-resolution ammonite and carbon isotope stratigraphy across the Triassic-Jurassic boundary at New York Canyon (Nevada). Earth and Planetary Science Letters 225 (2004) 29-41
42. Haggart, J.W., 2002. Resolving the Triassic/Jurassic Extinction Event: a Case Study in Fossil Resource Management, Queen Charlotte Islands, BC. Research Links 10 (3), 1, 4-6.
43. Haggart J.W., Carter E.S., Beattie M.J., Bown P.S., Inkin R.J., Kring D.A., Johns M.J., McNicoll V.J., Orchard M.J., Perry R.S., Schröder-Adams C.S., Smith P.L., Suneby L.B., Tipper H.W., and Ward P.D. Stratigraphy of Triassic/Jurassic boundary strata, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia: potential global system stratotype boundary. IGCP 458 Field Meeting, October 13-17, Taunton, UK (2001)
44. Haggart J.W., Carter E.S., Orchard M.J., Ward P.D., Tipper H.W., Smith P.L., and Tozer E.T. Triassic-Jurassic boundary strata, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. Abstracts and Program, 6th International Symposium on the Jurassic System, Mondello, Sicily, September 12-22 (2002) 83-84
45. Hall R., and Pitaru S. New Hettangian ammonite faunas and a Triassic Jurassic boundary succession, Fernie Formation, Williston Lake, British Columbia. In: Gaetani M. (Ed). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia vol. 110 (2004), Dipartimento Di Scienze Della Terra, Milano 53-60
46. Hallam A. The end-Triassic mass extinction event. In: Sharpton V.L., and Ward P.D. (Eds). Global Catastrophes in Earth History; an Interdisciplinary Conference on Impacts, Volcanism, and Mass Mortality. Geological Society of America, Special Paper vol. 247 (1990) 577-583
47. Hallam A. Estimates of the amount and rate of sea-level change across the Rhaetian-Hettangian and Pliensbachian-Toarcian boundaries (latest Triassic to early Jurassic). Journal Geological Society of London 154 (1997) 733-779
48. Hallam A., and Wignall P.B. Mass Extinctions and their Aftermath (1997), Oxford University Press, Oxford 320 pp.
49. Hallam A., and Wignall P.B. Facies changes across the Triassic-Jurassic boundary in Nevada, USA. Journal of the Geological Society of London 157 (2000) 49-54
50. Hattori I. Jurassic radiolarians from manganese nodules at three sites in the western Nanjo Massif, Fukui Prefecture, Central Japan (Data). Geological Laboratory vol. 910 (1989), Fukui University, Fukui 47-134 Japan
51. Hesselbo S.P., and Robinson S.A. Terrestrial and marine extinction at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary synchronized with major carbon-cycle perturbation: a link to initiation of massive volcanism?. Geology 30 3 (2002) 251-254
52. Hesselbo S.P., Robinson S.A., and Surlyk F. Sea-level change and facies development across potential Triassic-Jurassic boundary horizons, SW Britain. Journal of the Geological Society, London 161 (2004) 365-379
53. Hodges P. The base of the Jurassic System: new data on the first appearance of Psiloceras planorbis in southwest Britain. Geological Magazine 131 (1994) 841-844
54. Hori R.S. Radiolarian Biostratigraphy at the Triaissic/Jurassic Period Boundary in Bedded Cherts from the Inuyama Area, Central Japan. Journal of Geosciences, Osaka City University 35 (1992) 53-65
55. Hori R.S., Kurimoto C., and Goto H. Radiolarian Fossils from the Ikuno District, Hyogo Prefecture, Tamba Terrane, Southwest Japan. News of Osaka Micropaleontologists, Special vol. 13 (2004) 59-68
56. Hounslow M.W., Posen P.E., and Warrington G. Magnetostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the Upper Triassic and lower most Jurassic succession, St. Audrie's Bay, U.K. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 213 3-4 (2004) 331-358
57. Hyatt A. The fossil cephalopode of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 5 (1867) 71-102
58. Hyatt A. Cephalopoda. In: Zittel K.A. (Ed). Textbook of Paleontology. 1st English ed. (1900), London 502-592
59. Jakobs G.K. Toarcian (Early Jurassic) ammonoids from Western North America. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 428 (1997) (137 pp.)
60. Kozur H. First evidence of Liassic in the vicinity of Csövár (Hungary), and its Paleogeographic and Paleotectonic significance. Jahrbuch der Geologischen Bundes-anstalt 136 1 (1993) 89-98
61. Kozur H., and Mostler H. Beiträge zur Erforschung der mesozoischen Radiolarien. Teil III: Die Oberfamilien Actinommacea HAECKEL 1862 emend., Artiscacea Haeckel 1882, Multiarcusellacea nov. der Spumellaria und triassische Nassellaria: Geologisch - Paläontologische Mitteilungen, Innsbruck, Band 9, Heft 1/2 (1979) 1-132 (in German, with English abstract)
62. Kozur H., and Mostler H. Beiträge zur Erforschung der mesozoischen Radiolarien. Teil IV : Thalassosphaeracea HAECKEL, 1862, Hexastylacea HAECKEL, 1882, emend. Petrushevskaja, 1979, Sponguracea HAECKEL, 1862 emend. und weitere triassische Lithocycliacea, Trematodiscacea, Actinommacea und Nassellaria; Geologisch - Paläontologische Mitteilungen, Innsbruck, Sonderband 1 (1981) 208 pp. (in German, with English abstract)
63. Kozur H., and Mostler H. Saturnaliacea Deflandre and some other stratigraphically important Radiolaria from the Hettangian of Lenggries/Isar (Bavaria, Northern Calcareous Alps). Geologisch - Paläontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck. Sonderband 17 (1990) 179-248
64. Lange W. Zur Paläogeographie und Ammonitenfauna des Lias nebst einer Revision der Nürtinger Psilonotenfauna. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 77 (1925) 439-528 (4 pls)
65. Lange W. Die biostratigraphischen Zonen des Lias alpha und Vollraths petrographische Leithorizonte. Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie B (1931) 349-372
66. Lange W. Die Ammonitenfauna der Psiloceras-Stufe Norddeutschlands. Palaeontographica, Bd XCIII (93), Abteilung A (1941) 1-192 20 pls
67. Lucas S.G., Guex J., Tanner L.H., Taylor D., Kuerschner W.M., Atudorei V., and Bartolini A. Definition of the Triassic-Jurassic boundary. Albertiana 32 (2005) 12-16
68. Müller J. Über die Thalassicollen, Polycystinen und Acanthometren der Mittelmeeres. Abhandlungen der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaftler zu Berlin, Jahrgang (1858) 1-62
69. O'Dogherty L., and Guex J. Rates and pattern of evolution among Cretaceous radiolarians: relations with global peleoceanographic events. In: Carter E., Whalen P., and Mekik F. (Eds). Micropaleontology of Radiolarians - Proceedings of INTERRAD IX. Micropaleontology vol. 48, supplement no. 1 (2002) 1-22
70. Page K. The Lower Jurassic of Europe: its subdivision and correlation. Bulletin vol. 1 (2003), Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland 23-59
71. Pálfy J., McFarlane R.B., Smith P.L., and Tipper H.W. Potential for Ammonite Biostratigraphy of the Sinemurian Part of the Sandilands Formation, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper vol. 90-1F (1990) 47-50
72. Pálfy J., Smith P.L., and Tipper H.W. Sinemurian (Lower Jurassic) ammonoid biostratigraphy of the Queen Charlotte Islands, Western Canada. In: Cariou E., and Hantzpergue P. (Eds). 3rd International Symposium on Jurassic Stratigraphy, Poitiers 1991. Geobios. Mémoire Spécial vol. 17 (1994) 385-393
73. Pálfy J., Mortensen J.K., Carter E.S., Smith P.L., Friedman R.M., and Tipper H.W. Timing the end-Triassic mass extinction: first on land, then in the sea?. Geology 28 1 (2000) 39-42
74. Pálfy J., Haas J., Ozsvárt P., Carter E.S., Orchard M.J., Görög A., Oravecz-Schäffer A., Demény A., Hetényi M., Veto{double acute} I., Márton E., Halász D., and Zajzon N. Triassic-Jurassic boundary events inferred from integrated stratigraphy of the Cso{double acute}vár section, Hungary. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol 244 (2007) 11-33 10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.06.021 (this issue)
75. Pessagno Jr. E.A. Jurassic and Cretaceous Hagiastridae from the Blake-Bahama Basin (Site 5A, JOIDES leg 1) and the Great Valley Sequence, California Coast Ranges. Bulletins of American Paleontology 60 264 (1971) 1-83 (19 pls)
76. Pessagno Jr. E.A. Upper Jurassic Radiolaria and radiolarian biostratigraphy of the California Coast Ranges. Micropaleontology 23 1 (1977) 56-113
77. Pessagno Jr. E.A., and Blome C.D. Upper Triassic and Jurassic Pantanelliinae from California, Oregon and British Columbia. Micropaleontology 26 3 (1980) 225-273
78. Pessagno Jr. E.A., and Whalen P.A. Lower and Middle Jurassic Radiolaria (multicyrtid nassellariina) from California, east-central Oregon and the Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. Micropaleontology 28 2 (1982) 111-169
79. Pessagno Jr. E.A., Finch W., and Abbot P.L. Upper Triassic Radiolaria from the San Hipólito Formation, Baja California. Micropaleontology 25 2 (1979) 160-197
80. Pessagno Jr. E.A., Six W.M., and Yang Q. The Xiphostylidae Haeckel and Parvivaccidae, n. fam., (Radiolaria) from the North American Jurassic. Micropaleontology 35 3 (1989) 193-255
81. Pujana I. A new Lower Jurassic radiolarian fauna from the Neuquén Basin, central west Argentina. XIII Congreso Argentino de Geologia, y II Congreso de Exploración de Hidrocarburos, Actas V. Sierra Pintada de San Rafael, Mendoza (1996) 133-142
82. Raup D.M., and Sepkoski Jr. J.J. Mass extinctions in the marine fossil record. Science 215 (1982) 1501-1503
83. Riedel W.R. Some new families of Radiolaria. Proceedings of the Geological Society of London 1640 (1967) 148-149
84. In: Salvador A. (Ed). International Stratigraphic Guide; a Guide to Stratigraphic Classification, terminology, and Procedure. 2nd ed. International Subcommission on Stratigraphic Classification of International Union of Geological Sciences, International Commission on Stratigraphy (1994), The Geological Society of America, Boulder 214 pp.
85. Sashida K. Lower Jurassic multisegmented Nassellaria from the Itsukaichi area, western part of Tokyo Prefecture, central Japan. Science Reports of the Institute of Geoscience, University of Tsukuba, Section B - Geological Sciences 9 (1988) 1-27
86. Smith P.L. The implications of data base management systems to paleontology: a discussion of Jurassic ammonoid data. Journal of Paleontology 60 (1986) 327-340
87. Smith P.L., and Tipper H.W. Pliensbachian (Lower Jurassic) Ammonites of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Bulletins of American Paleontology 348 (1996) 122 pp
88. Sowerby J. The Mineral Conchology of Great Britain vol. 5 (1824), London
89. Spörli K.B., and Aita Y. Field trip guide to Waipapa basement rocks, Kawakawa Bay, Auckland; Workshop of Radiolaria 1988. Geological Society of New Zealand Miscellaneous Publication 39 (1988) (27 pp.)
90. Spöril K.B., Aita Y., and Gibson G.W. Juxtaposition of Tethyan and non-Tethyan Mesozoic radiolarian faunas in melanges, Waipapa terrane, North Island, New Zealand. Geology 17 (1989) 753-756
91. Sugiyama K. Triassic and Lower Jurassic radiolarian biostratigraphy in the siliceous claystone and bedded chert units of the southeastern Mino Terrane, Central Japan. Mizunami Fossil Museum, Bulletin 24 (1997) 79-193
92. Taylor D., and Guex J. The Triassic/Jurassic System boundary in the John Day Inlier, east-central Oregon. Oregon Geology 64 (2002) 3-27
93. Taylor D., Smith P.L., Laws R.A., and Guex J. The stratigraphy and biofacies trends of the lower Mesozoic Gabbs and sunrise formations, west-central Nevada. Canadian Journal of Earth Science 20 (1983) 1598-1608
94. Taylor D.G., Boelling K., and Guex J. The Triassic/Jurassic System Boundary in the Gabbs Formation, Nevada. In: Hall R.L., and Smith P.L. (Eds). Advances in Jurassic Research 2000. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on the Jurassic System. GeoResearch Forum vol. 6 (2000), Trans Tech, Switzerland 225-235
95. Taylor D., Guex J., and Rakus M. Hettangian and Sinemurian ammonoid zonation for the Western Cordillera of North America. Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles, Bulletin 87 4 (2001) 381-421
96. Tekin U.K. Biostratigraphy and Systematics of Late Middle to Late Triassic radiolarians from the Taurus Mountains and Ankara region, Turkey. Geologisch-Paläontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck, Sonderband 5 (1999) (S)
97. Tekin U.K. Late Triassic (late Norian-Rhaetian) radiolarians from the Antalya Nappes, Central Taurides, Southern Turkey. Rivista Italiana de Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 108 (2002) 415-440
98. Tekin U.K. Lower Jurassic (Hettangian-Sinemurian) radiolarians from the Antalya Nappes, Central Taurides, Southern Turkey. Micropaleontology 48 2 (2002) 177-205
99. Tilmann N. Die fauna des ünteren Lias in Nord-und Mittelperu. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie 41 (1917) 628-712
100. Tipper H.W., and Carter E.S. Evidence for Defining the Triassic-Jurassic Boundary at Kennecott Point, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper vol. 90-1F (1990) 37-41
101. Tipper H.W., and Guex J. Preliminary remarks on the Hettangian ammonite succession in Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Geobios. Mémoire Spécial 17 (1994) 477-483
102. Tipper H.W., Smith P.L., Cameron B.E.B., Carter E.S., Jakobs G.K., and Johns M.J. Biostratigraphy of the Lower Jurassic Formations of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada Paper vol. 90-10 (1991) 203-235 pls. 8-12
103. Tipper H.W., Carter E.S., Orchard M.J., and Tozer E.T. The Triassic-Jurassic (T-J) Boundary in Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia defined by ammonites, conodonts and radiolarians. In: Cariou E., and Hantzperque P. (Eds). 3rd International Symposium on Jurassic Stratigraphy, Poitiers 1991. Geobios. Mémoire Spécial vol. 17 (1994) 485-492
104. Tipper H.W., Haggart J.W., Carter E.S., Hall R.L., Jakobs G.K., and Pálfy J. Field Trip B1: Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands). In: Smith P.L. (Ed). Field Guide for the Fifth International Symposium on the Jurassic System. Jurassic Subcommission of the Stratigraphic Commission of the International Union of Geological Sciences, Vancouver Canada (1998) 126-229
105. Tozer E.T. Latest Triassic Ammonoid Faunas and Biochronology, Western Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Paper vol. 79-1B (1979) 127-135
106. Tozer E.T. Canadian Triassic Ammonoid Faunas. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 467 (1994) 663
107. von Hauer F. Choristoceras, eine neue Cephalopodensippe aus den Koessener Schichten. Sitzungberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien (I) 52 (1865) 654-660
108. von Hillebrandt A. Liassic ammonite zones of South America and correlations with other provinces - description of new genera and species of ammonites. In: Volkheimer W. (Ed). Bioestratigrafía de los Sistemas Regionales del Jurásico y Cretácico en América del Sur vol. 1 (1987), Comité Sudamericano del Jurásico y Cretácico, Mendoza 111-157
109. von Hillebrandt A. Ammonite biostratigraphy of the South American Hettangian - description of two new species of Psiloceras. In: Rocha R.B., and Soares A.F. (Eds). Second International Symposium on Jurassic Stratigraphy vol. 1 (1988), Centro de Estratigrafia e Paleobiologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa 55-70
110. von Hillebrandt A. The Triassic/Jurassic Boundary and Hettangian biostratigraphy in the area of the Utcubamba Valley (northern Peru). Geobios 17 (1994) 297-307
111. von Hillebrandt A. Proposal for the Utcubamba Valley Sections in Northern Peru. International Subcommission on Jurassic Stratigraphy. Newsletter vol. 24 (1997) 21-25
112. von Hillebrandt A. Die ammoniten-fauna des südamerikanischen Hettangium (basaler Jura). Palaeontographica, Abteilung A 258 1-3 (2000) (115 pp., 42 pls)
113. von Zittel K.A. Handbuch der Palaeontologie (1884), Cephalopoda, Munich 239-522
114. Ward P.D., Haggart J.W., Carter E.S., Wilbur D., Tipper H.W., and Evans R. Sudden productivity collapse associated with the Triassic-Jurassic boundary mass extinction. Science 292 (2001) 1148-1151
115. Ward P.D., Garrison G.H., Haggart J.W., Kring D.A., and Beattie M.J. Isotopic evidence bearing on Late Triassic extinction events, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, and implications for the duration and cause of the Triassic/Jurassic mass extinction. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 224 (2004) 589-600
116. Warrington G. Reports of stage working groups: Triassic-Jurassic Boundary Task Group, organizational matters. International Subcommission on Jurassic Stratigraphy. Newsletter vol. 30 (2003) 8-10
117. Warrington G., Cope J.C.W., and Ivimey-Cook H.C. St Audrie's Bay, Somerset, England: a candidate Global Stratotype Section and point for the base of the Jurassic system. Geological Magazine 133 (1994) 191-200
118. Whalen P.A., Carter E.S., and Orchard M.J. Radiolarians and conodonts from the Rhaetian (uppermost Triassic) of Baja California Sur. Abstracts and Programme, Interrad 2003, September 7-13 (2003), Lausanne, Switzerland 115
119. Yang Q., and Mizutani S. Radiolaria from the Nadanhada Terrane, Northeast China. Journal of Earth Sciences, Nagoya University 38 (1991) 49-78
120. Yao A., Matsuda T., and Isozaki Y. Triassic and Jurassic Radiolarians from Inuyama Area, Central Japan. Journal of Geosciences, Osaka City University 23 (1980) 135-154
121. Yao A., Matsuoka A., and Nakatani T. Triassic and Jurassic radiolarian assemblages in Southwest Japan. News of Osaka Micropaleontologists. Special 5 (1982) 27-43
122. Yeh K.-Y. Triassic Radiolaria from Uson Island, Philippines. Bulletin vol. 3 (1992), National Museum of Natural Science, Taiwan 51-91
123. Yeh K.-Y., and Cheng Y.N. An Upper Triassic (Rhaetian) radiolarian assemblage from Busuanga Island, Philippines. Bulletin vol. 7 (1996), National Museum of Natural Science 1-43
124. Yeh K.-Y., and Cheng Y.-N. Radiolarians from the Lower Jurassic of the Busuanga Island, Philippines. Bulletin vol. 11 (1998), National Museum of Natural Science 1-65
125. Yin J., and Enay R. The earliest Jurassic psiloceratids in the Eastern Tethyan Himalaya, South Tibet. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes 331 (2000) 601-608
126. Yoshida H. Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic Radiolarian Biostratigraphy in Kagamigahara City, Gifu Prefecture, Central Japan. Journal of Earth Sciences, Nagoya University 34 (1986) 1-21