State restructuring, social assistance, and Canadian intergovernmental relations: Same scales, new tune

Studies in Political Economy

Volumn , Issue 78, 2006, Pages 93-117

  Graefe, Peter ^a  

^a MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33846155554     PISSN: 07078552     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/19187033.2006.11675103     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. See Neil Brenner, "'Glocalization' as a State Spatial Strategy: Urban Entrepreneurship and the New Politics of Uneven Development in Western Europe," in Jamie Peck and Henry Wai-chung Yeung, (eds.), Remaking the Global Economy: Economic-Geographical Perspectives (London: Sage, 2003);
2. Neil Brenner, "The Limits to Scale? Methodological Reflections on Scalar Structuration," Progress in Human Geography 25/4 (2001);
3. Jamie Gough, "Changing Scale as Changing Class Relations: Variety and Contradiction in the Politics of Scale," Political Geography 23/2 (2004);
4. Mark Purcell, "Citizenship and the Right to the Global City: Reimagining the Capitalist World Order," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 27/3 (2003);
5. Mark Purcell, "The State, Regulation, and Global Restructuring: Reasserting the Political in Political Economy," Review of International Political Economy 9/2 (2002).
6. For example, Erik Swyngedouw, "Neither Global nor Local: 'Glocalization' and the Politics of Scale," in Kevin Cox, (ed.), Spaces of Globalization: Reasserting the Power of the Local (New York: Guilford Press, 1997).
7. Purcell, "Citizenship," p. 564;
8. Brenner, "Glocalization," p. 208;
9. Bob Jessop, "The Crisis of the National Spario-Temporal Fix and the Tendential Ecological Dominance of Globalizing Capitalism," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 24/2 (2000).
10. Adam Tickell and Jamie Peck, "Making Global Rules: Globalization or Neoliberalization?" in Peck and Yeung, (eds.), Remaking the Global Economy,
11. Swyngedouw, "Neither Global nor Local";
12. Brenner, "Glocalization."
13. Jessop, "The Crisis...";
14. Swyngedouw, "Neither Global nor Local...," p. 156;
15. Lee Ann Banaszak, Karen Beckwith, and Dieter Rucht, "When Power Relocates: Interactive Changes in Women's Movements and States," in Lee Ann Banaszak, Karen Beckwith, and Dieter Rucht, (eds.), Women's Movements Facing the Reconfigured State (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003);
16. Erik Swyngedouw, "Authoritarian Governance, Power, and the Politics of Rescaling," Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 18/1 (2000), p. 69;
17. Darel E. Paul, "Re-scaling IPE: Subnational States and the Regulation of the Global Political Economy," Review of International Political Economy 9/3 (2002).
18. Jessop, "The Crisis," pp. 354-355.
19. See also Jamie Peck, "Political Economies of Scale: Fast Policy, Interscalar Relations and Neoliberal Workfare," Economic Geography 78/3 (2002), p. 333;
20. Philip F. Kelly, "The Geographies and Politics of Globalization," Progress in Human Geography 23/3 (1999), p. 391.
21. Michael Keating, The New Regionalism in Western Europe: Territorial Restructuring and Political Change (Cheltenhem, UK: Edward Elgar, 1998);
22. Thomas Hueglin, "Better Small and Beautiful than Big and Ugly? Regionalism, Capitalism and the Postindustrial State," International Political Science Review 10/3 (1989).
23. Jane Jenson, "'Different' but not 'Exceptional': Canada's Permeable Fordism," Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 26/1 (1989);
24. Jane Jenson, "Mapping, Naming and Remembering: Globalization at the End of the Twentieth Century," Review of International Political Economy 2/1 (1995).
25. Purcell, "The State," pp. 285, 292-298;
26. Jane Jenson and Susan D. Phillips, "Regime Shift: New Citizenship Practices in Canada," International Journal of Canadian Studies 14 (1996).
27. Gough, "Changing," pp. 190-191, 194;
28. See also Peck, "Political Economies," p. 337;
29. Beverly Takahashi, "A New Paradigm for the Labor Movement: New Federalism's Unintended Cnsequences," International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society 17/2 (2003), pp. 262-263.
30. See also Rianne Mahon, "Yet Another R? The Redesign and Rescaling of Welfare Regimes," Revised paper presented at the Workshop of ISA RC19, University of Toronto (21-24 August 2003), p. 5.
31. Gough, "Changing...," p. 186.
32. Sallie Marston, "A Long Way From Home: Domesticating the Social Production of Scale," in Eric Sheppard and Robert B. McMaster, (eds.), Scale & Geographic Inquiry: Nature, Society, and Method (Malden: Blackwell, 2004), p. 173;
33. Swyngedouw, "Neither Global nor Local...," p. 152;
34. Swyngedouw, "Authoritarian Governance," p. 68.
35. Brenner, "Limits," p. 607.
36. The link of identities with scale-bending comes from Neil Smith, "Scale Bending and the Fate of the National," in Sheppard and McMaster, (eds.), Scale & Geographic Inquiry, p. 205.
37. Mahon, "Yet Another R...," p. 2.
38. Bruno Thérêt, "Canada's Social Union in Perspective: Looking in to the European Mirror," Sarah Fortin, Alain Noël, and France St-Hilaire, (eds.), Forging the Canadian Social Union: SUFA and Beyond (Montréal: IRPP, 2003);
39. Denis Saint-Martin, Coordinating Interdependence: Governance and Social Policy Redesign in Britain, the European Union and Canada (Ottawa: Canadian Policy Research Networks, 2004).
40. Brenner, "Glocalization," p. 204.
41. Stephen McBride and John Shields, Dismantling a Nation: The Transition to Corporate Rule in Canada (Halifax: Fernwood, 1997);
42. Thomas Courchene, "Celebrating Flexibility: An Interpretive Essay on the Evolution of Canadian Federalism." C.D. Howe Benefactors' Lecture, Montreal (16 October 1995).
43. Sylvia Bashevkin, Welfare Hot Buttons: Women, Work and Social Policy Reform (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002), pp. 87, 89;
44. Stephanie Baker Collins, "The Challenge of Equity in Canadian Social Welfare Policy," Canadian Review of Social Policy 42 (1998), pp. 5, 7.
45. Leah F. Vosko, "Mandatory 'Marriage' or Obligatory Waged Work: Social Assistance and Single Mothers in Wisconsin and Ontario," in Sylvia Bashevkin, (ed.), Women's Work is Never Done: Comparative Studies in Care-Giving and Social Policy Reform (New York: Routledge, 2003), p. 170.
46. For a more detailed discussion, see Gérard Boismenu and Peter Graefe, "Le régime fédératif et la fragmentation des espaces, dans le contexte de la mondialisation," in Jules Duchastel, (ed.), Fédéralismes et mondialisation: l'avenir de la démocratie et de la citoyenneté (Montréal: Athéna Éditions, 2003).
47. Jamie Peck, "From Federal Welfare to Local Workfare? Remaking Canada's Work-Welfare Regime," in Andrew Herod, Gearoid O Tuathail and Susan M. Roberts, (eds.), An Unruly World? Globalization, Governance and Geography (New York: Routledge, 1998).
48. Rodney Haddow, Poverty Reform in Canada, 1958-1978: State and Class Influences on Policy Making (Montréal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1993), pp. 24-29.
49. Ibid., pp. 58, 60.
50. Gerard Boychuk, Parchworks of Purpose: The Development of Provincial Social Assistance Regimes in Canada (Montréal: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1998), pp. 46-7;
51. Allan Moscovitch, "Canada Health and Social Transfer: What Was Lost?" Canadian Review of Social Policy 37 (1996), p. 72.
52. Claude Couture and Josée Bergeron, "La mondialisation, l'identité canadienne et la loi 11 albertaine sur les services de santé", in Duchastel, (ed.), Fédéralismes et mondialisation...
53. Antonia Maioni, Roles and Responsibilities in Health Care Policy (Ottawa: Commission on the Future of Health Care in Canada, 2002), p. 16;
54. Sujit Choudhry, "Bill 11, the Canada Health Act and the Social Union: The Need for Institutions," Osgoode Hall Law Journal 38/1 (2000).
55. Peter Graefe, "From Dead-Beat Dad to Quality Time Parenting? The Federal Government and Intergovernmental Relations in Health Policy," International Journal of Canadian Studies 28 (2003);
56. Gérard Boismenu and Peter Graefe, "The New Federal Tool Belt: Attempts to Rebuild Social Policy Leadership," Canadian Public Policy 30/1 (2004). Some of these new tools and new principles may prove antithetical to progressive values, as forces of privatization gain strength at both the federal and provincial levels.
57. Gerard Boychuk, in "Social Assistance and Canadian Federalism," in François Rocher and Miriam Smith, (eds.), New Trends in Canadian Federalism 2nd ed. (Peterborough: Broadview, 2003), points out that these "passive" programs were, in fact, quite active in keeping mothers out of the labour market.
58. Neil Bradford, Commissioning Ideas: Canadian National Policy Innovation in Comparative Perspective (Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1998), pp. 118-119.
59. Michael J. Prince and Jim J. Rice, "The Canadian Jobs Strategy: Supply-Side Social Policy," in Katherine A. Graham, (ed.), How Ottawa Spends 1989-90: The Buck Stops Here (Ottawa: Carleton University Press, 1989);
60. Rianne Mahon, "Adjusting to Win? The New Tory Training Initiative," in Katherine A. Graham, (ed.), How Ottawa Spends 1990-1991: Tracking the Second Agenda (Ottawa: Carleton University Press, 1990);
61. Charlotte Yates, "'Job Ready, I Ready': Job Creation and Labour Market Reform in Canada," in Susan Phillips, (ed.), How Ottawa Spends 1995-1996: Mid-life Crisis (Ottawa: Carleton University Press, 1995).
62. For more details on provincial social assistance policies in this and subsequent paragraphs, see the relevant sections in Peter Graefe, Striking a New Balance: Neoliberalism, the Provinces and Intergovernmental Relations in Canada, 1985-2002. PhD dissertation: Département de science politique, Université de Montréal (2002).
63. Bashevkin, Welfare Hot Buttons, p. 31.
64. The first distinction is from Sherri Torjman, Workfare: A Poor Law (Ottawa: Caledon Institute for Social Policy, 1996);
65. the second is from Nik Theodore and Jamie Peck, "Searching for the Best Practice in Welfare to Work: The Means, the Method and the Message," Policy and Politics 29/1 (2001).
66. Carolyn Tuohy, Redesigning the Welfare State: Social Assistance Reform in Ontario. Report prepared for the Laidlaw Foundation (June 1992).
67. Mahon, "Adjusting to Win," pp. 85-6.
68. Alain Naöl, "General Study of the Framework Agreement," in A.-G. Gagnon, (ed.), The Canadian Social Union Without Quebec: 8 Critical Analyses (Montreal: IRPP, 2000).
69. Boismenu and Graefe, "New Federal Tool Belt...";
70. Yates, "Job Ready...."
71. Ontario has not signed an agreement. Several provinces have signed "co-management" agreements whereby the federal government does not transfer staff and funds, but provincial officials jointly manage program design and implementation. See Thomas Klassen, "The Federal-Provincial Labour Market Development Agreements: Brave New Model of Collaboration?" in Tom McIntosh, (ed.), Federalism, Democracy and Labour Market Policy in Canada (Kingston: School of Policy Studies, 2001), p. 177.
72. Rodney Haddow, "How Ottawa Shrivels: Ottawds Declining Role in Active Labour Market Policy," in Leslie A. Pal, (ed.), How Ottawa Spends 1998-1999: Balancing Act: The Post-Deficit Mandate (Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1998), pp. 108-10;
73. Klassen, "Federal-Provincial Labour Market...," p. 186.
74. Haddow, "How Ottawa Shrivels...," pp. 110-111;
75. Herman Bakvis, "Federalism, New Public Management, and Labour Market Development," in Patrick C. Fafard and Douglas M. Brown, (eds.), Canada: The State of the Federation 1996 (Kingston: Institute of Intergovernmental Relations, 1996), p. 146.
76. Klassen, "Federal-Provincial Labour Market...," p. 193.
77. For a fuller account, see Boismenu and Graefe, "New Federal Tool Belt..."
78. Boychuk, "Social Assistance," p. 286.
79. Ibid., pp. 280-282.