메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 44, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 5-13

Functional nonretentive fecal incontinence in children

Author keywords

Children; Functional nonretentive fecal incontinence; Review; Treatment

Indexed keywords

LACTULOSE; LAXATIVE; LOPERAMIDE;

EID: 33846115243     PISSN: 02772116     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.mpg.0000252187.12793.0a     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (63)

References (55)
  • 2
    • 0016811248 scopus 로고
    • Children with encopresis: A descriptive analysis
    • Levine MD. Children with encopresis: a descriptive analysis. Pediatrics 1975;56:412-6.
    • (1975) Pediatrics , vol.56 , pp. 412-416
    • Levine, M.D.1
  • 4
  • 5
    • 33646491150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders: Child/adolescent
    • Rasquin A, Di Lorenzo C, Forbes D, et al. Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders: child/adolescent. Gastroenterology 2006;130:1527-37.
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.130 , pp. 1527-1537
    • Rasquin, A.1    Di Lorenzo, C.2    Forbes, D.3
  • 7
    • 18244424896 scopus 로고
    • Studies on encopresis
    • Bellman M. Studies on encopresis. Acta Paediatr Scand 1966;(Suppl 170).
    • (1966) Acta Paediatr Scand , Issue.SUPPL. 170
    • Bellman, M.1
  • 8
    • 0031058770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How accurate is the recall of bowel habits in children with defaecation disorders?
    • van der Plas RN, Benninga MA, Redekop WK, et al. How accurate is the recall of bowel habits in children with defaecation disorders? Eur J Pediatr 1997;156 (3):178-81.
    • (1997) Eur J Pediatr , vol.156 , Issue.3 , pp. 178-181
    • van der Plas, R.N.1    Benninga, M.A.2    Redekop, W.K.3
  • 10
    • 0023845565 scopus 로고
    • Encopresis and constipation in children
    • Hatch TF. Encopresis and constipation in children. Pediatr Clin North Am 1988;35:257-80.
    • (1988) Pediatr Clin North Am , vol.35 , pp. 257-280
    • Hatch, T.F.1
  • 11
    • 0035070093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and treatment efficacy of functional non-retentive fecal soiling in childhood
    • Benninga MA, Taminiau JA. Diagnosis and treatment efficacy of functional non-retentive fecal soiling in childhood. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2001;32 (Suppl 1):42-3.
    • (2001) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.32 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 42-43
    • Benninga, M.A.1    Taminiau, J.A.2
  • 12
    • 0020050193 scopus 로고
    • Encopresis: Its potentiation, evaluation, and alleviation
    • Levine MD. Encopresis: its potentiation, evaluation, and alleviation. Pediatr Clin North Am 1982;29:315-30.
    • (1982) Pediatr Clin North Am , vol.29 , pp. 315-330
    • Levine, M.D.1
  • 13
    • 0003179316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders
    • Rasquin-Weber A, Hyman PE, Cucchiara S, et al. Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders. Gut 1999;45 (Suppl 2):60-8.
    • (1999) Gut , vol.45 , Issue.SUPPL. 2 , pp. 60-68
    • Rasquin-Weber, A.1    Hyman, P.E.2    Cucchiara, S.3
  • 14
    • 3342941869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of Rome II criteria in childhood defecation disorders: Applicability in clinical and research practice
    • Voskuijl WP, Heijmans J, Heijmans HS, et al. Use of Rome II criteria in childhood defecation disorders: applicability in clinical and research practice. J Pediatr 2004;145:213-7.
    • (2004) J Pediatr , vol.145 , pp. 213-217
    • Voskuijl, W.P.1    Heijmans, J.2    Heijmans, H.S.3
  • 15
    • 3142642630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional fecal retention with encopresis in childhood
    • Loening-Baucke V. Functional fecal retention with encopresis in childhood. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2004;38:79-84.
    • (2004) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.38 , pp. 79-84
    • Loening-Baucke, V.1
  • 16
    • 0022504788 scopus 로고
    • The prevention of constipation and encopresis: A developmental model and approach
    • Rappaport LA, Levine MD. The prevention of constipation and encopresis: a developmental model and approach. Pediatr Clin North Am 1986;33:859-69.
    • (1986) Pediatr Clin North Am , vol.33 , pp. 859-869
    • Rappaport, L.A.1    Levine, M.D.2
  • 17
    • 0017666854 scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal study of bowel and bladder control by day and at night in the first six years of life. I. Epidemiology and interrelations between bowel and bladder control
    • Largo RH, Stutzle W. Longitudinal study of bowel and bladder control by day and at night in the first six years of life. I. Epidemiology and interrelations between bowel and bladder control. Dev Med Child Neurol 1977;19:598-606.
    • (1977) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.19 , pp. 598-606
    • Largo, R.H.1    Stutzle, W.2
  • 18
    • 0029851330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does a profound change in toilet-training affect development of bowel and bladder control?
    • Largo RH, Molinari L, von Siebenthal K, et al. Does a profound change in toilet-training affect development of bowel and bladder control? Dev Med Child Neurol 1996;38:1106-16.
    • (1996) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.38 , pp. 1106-1116
    • Largo, R.H.1    Molinari, L.2    von Siebenthal, K.3
  • 19
    • 0033003809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of bladder and bowel control: Significance of prematurity, perinatal risk factors, psychomotor development and gender
    • Largo RH, Molinari L, von Siebenthal K, et al. Development of bladder and bowel control: significance of prematurity, perinatal risk factors, psychomotor development and gender. Eur J Pediatr 1999;158:115-22.
    • (1999) Eur J Pediatr , vol.158 , pp. 115-122
    • Largo, R.H.1    Molinari, L.2    von Siebenthal, K.3
  • 20
    • 31144453621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal follow-up of children with functional nonretentive fecal incontinence
    • Voskuijl WP, Reitsma JB, van Ginkel R, et al. Longitudinal follow-up of children with functional nonretentive fecal incontinence. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;4:67-72.
    • (2006) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.4 , pp. 67-72
    • Voskuijl, W.P.1    Reitsma, J.B.2    van Ginkel, R.3
  • 21
    • 7244254181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PEG 3350 (Transipeg) versus lactulose in the treatment of childhood functional constipation. A double blind, randomized controlled multi-centre trial
    • Voskuijl WP, de Lorijn F, Verwijs W, et al. PEG 3350 (Transipeg) versus lactulose in the treatment of childhood functional constipation. A double blind, randomized controlled multi-centre trial. Gut 2004;53:1590-4.
    • (2004) Gut , vol.53 , pp. 1590-1594
    • Voskuijl, W.P.1    de Lorijn, F.2    Verwijs, W.3
  • 22
    • 0033635362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of benefit of laxatives as adjunctive therapy for functional nonretentive fecal soiling in children
    • van Ginkel R, Benninga MA, Blommaart PJ, et al. Lack of benefit of laxatives as adjunctive therapy for functional nonretentive fecal soiling in children. J Pediatr 2000;137:808-13.
    • (2000) J Pediatr , vol.137 , pp. 808-813
    • van Ginkel, R.1    Benninga, M.A.2    Blommaart, P.J.3
  • 24
    • 0036263253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiology of continence: Idiopathic fecal constipation and soiling
    • Griffiths DM. The physiology of continence: idiopathic fecal constipation and soiling. Semin Pediatr Surg 2002;11:67-74.
    • (2002) Semin Pediatr Surg , vol.11 , pp. 67-74
    • Griffiths, D.M.1
  • 25
    • 3242885719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognosis of constipation: Clinical factors and colonic transit time
    • de Lorijn F, van Wijk MP, Reitsma JB, et al. Prognosis of constipation: clinical factors and colonic transit time. Arch Dis Child 2004;89:723-7.
    • (2004) Arch Dis Child , vol.89 , pp. 723-727
    • de Lorijn, F.1    van Wijk, M.P.2    Reitsma, J.B.3
  • 26
    • 1642580643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonic transit times and behavior profiles in children with defecation disorders
    • Benninga MA, Voskuijl WP, Akkerhuis GW, et al. Colonic transit times and behavior profiles in children with defecation disorders. Arch Dis Child 2004;89:13-6.
    • (2004) Arch Dis Child , vol.89 , pp. 13-16
    • Benninga, M.A.1    Voskuijl, W.P.2    Akkerhuis, G.W.3
  • 27
    • 30744444958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insight into rectal function in pediatric defecation disorders: Disturbed rectal compliance is an essential mechanism in pediatric constipation
    • Voskuijl WP, van Ginkel R, Benninga MA, et al. New insight into rectal function in pediatric defecation disorders: disturbed rectal compliance is an essential mechanism in pediatric constipation. J Pediatr 2006;148:62-7.
    • (2006) J Pediatr , vol.148 , pp. 62-67
    • Voskuijl, W.P.1    van Ginkel, R.2    Benninga, M.A.3
  • 28
    • 0348022855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loperamide suppositories in an adolescent with childhood-onset functional non-retentive fecal soiling
    • Voskuijl WP, van Ginkel R, Taminiau JA, et al. Loperamide suppositories in an adolescent with childhood-onset functional non-retentive fecal soiling. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2003;37:198-200.
    • (2003) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.37 , pp. 198-200
    • Voskuijl, W.P.1    van Ginkel, R.2    Taminiau, J.A.3
  • 29
    • 0023633840 scopus 로고
    • Preservation of fecal continence during rises in intra-abdominal pressure: Is there a role for the flap valve?
    • Bannister JJ, Gibbons C, Read NW. Preservation of fecal continence during rises in intra-abdominal pressure: is there a role for the flap valve? Gut 1987;28:1242-5.
    • (1987) Gut , vol.28 , pp. 1242-1245
    • Bannister, J.J.1    Gibbons, C.2    Read, N.W.3
  • 30
    • 0031012416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of loperamide oxide on gastrointestinal transit time and anorectal function in patients with chronic diarrhea and fecal incontinence
    • Sun WM, Read NW, Verlinden M. Effects of loperamide oxide on gastrointestinal transit time and anorectal function in patients with chronic diarrhea and fecal incontinence. Scand J Gastroenterol 1997;32:34-8.
    • (1997) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.32 , pp. 34-38
    • Sun, W.M.1    Read, N.W.2    Verlinden, M.3
  • 31
    • 0019978079 scopus 로고
    • Effects of loperamide on anal sphincter function in patients complaining of chronic diarrhea with fecal incontinence and urgency
    • Read M, Read NW, Barber DC, et al. Effects of loperamide on anal sphincter function in patients complaining of chronic diarrhea with fecal incontinence and urgency. Dig Dis Sci 1982;27:807-14.
    • (1982) Dig Dis Sci , vol.27 , pp. 807-814
    • Read, M.1    Read, N.W.2    Barber, D.C.3
  • 32
    • 0019856573 scopus 로고
    • Physiological studies of the anal sphincter musculature in fecal incontinence and rectal prolapse
    • Neill ME, Parks AG, Swash M. Physiological studies of the anal sphincter musculature in fecal incontinence and rectal prolapse. Br J Surg 1981;68:531-6.
    • (1981) Br J Surg , vol.68 , pp. 531-536
    • Neill, M.E.1    Parks, A.G.2    Swash, M.3
  • 33
    • 0021314484 scopus 로고
    • Possibilities and results of management of bowel incontinence in children
    • Nixon HH. Possibilities and results of management of bowel incontinence in children. Progr Pediatr Surg 1984;17:105-14.
    • (1984) Progr Pediatr Surg , vol.17 , pp. 105-114
    • Nixon, H.H.1
  • 34
    • 0017852069 scopus 로고
    • Chronic neurotic encopresis as a paradigm of a multifactorial psychiatric disorder
    • Bemporad JR, Kresch RA, Asnes R, et al. Chronic neurotic encopresis as a paradigm of a multifactorial psychiatric disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 1978;166:472-9.
    • (1978) J Nerv Ment Dis , vol.166 , pp. 472-479
    • Bemporad, J.R.1    Kresch, R.A.2    Asnes, R.3
  • 36
    • 0017048520 scopus 로고
    • Children with encopresis: A study of treatment outcome
    • Levine MD, Bakow H. Children with encopresis: a study of treatment outcome. Pediatrics 1976;58:845-52.
    • (1976) Pediatrics , vol.58 , pp. 845-852
    • Levine, M.D.1    Bakow, H.2
  • 37
    • 0027982980 scopus 로고
    • A classification of disorders of defecation in infants and children
    • Hyman PE, Fleisher DR. A classification of disorders of defecation in infants and children. Semin Gastrointest Dis 1994;5:20-3.
    • (1994) Semin Gastrointest Dis , vol.5 , pp. 20-23
    • Hyman, P.E.1    Fleisher, D.R.2
  • 38
    • 0029355624 scopus 로고
    • Functional encopresis: Symptom reduction and behavioral improvement
    • Young MH. Functional encopresis: symptom reduction and behavioral improvement. J Dev Behav Pediatr 1995;16 (4): 226-32.
    • (1995) J Dev Behav Pediatr , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 226-232
    • Young, M.H.1
  • 39
    • 0036789283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological differences between children with and without chronic encopresis
    • Cox DJ, Morris JB Jr, Borowitz SM, et al. Psychological differences between children with and without chronic encopresis. J Pediatr Psychol 2002;27:585-91.
    • (2002) J Pediatr Psychol , vol.27 , pp. 585-591
    • Cox, D.J.1    Morris Jr, J.B.2    Borowitz, S.M.3
  • 40
    • 0022796497 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of behavior problems and mental health utilization among encopretic children: Implications for behavioral pediatrics
    • Gabel S, Hegedus AM, Wald A, et al. Prevalence of behavior problems and mental health utilization among encopretic children: implications for behavioral pediatrics. J Dev Behav Pediatr 1986;7:293-7.
    • (1986) J Dev Behav Pediatr , vol.7 , pp. 293-297
    • Gabel, S.1    Hegedus, A.M.2    Wald, A.3
  • 41
    • 0023730026 scopus 로고
    • Do encopretic children have clinically significant behavior problems?
    • Friman PC, Mathews JR, Finney JW, et al. Do encopretic children have clinically significant behavior problems? Pediatrics 1988;82:407-9.
    • (1988) Pediatrics , vol.82 , pp. 407-409
    • Friman, P.C.1    Mathews, J.R.2    Finney, J.W.3
  • 42
    • 33646828313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological differences between children with and without soiling problems
    • Joinson C, Heron J, Butler U, et al. Psychological differences between children with and without soiling problems. Pediatrics 2006;117:1575-84.
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.117 , pp. 1575-1584
    • Joinson, C.1    Heron, J.2    Butler, U.3
  • 43
    • 0023611874 scopus 로고
    • Defecation dynamics and behavior profiles in encopretic children
    • Loening-Baucke V, Cruikshank B, Savage C. Defecation dynamics and behavior profiles in encopretic children. Pediatrics 1987;80:672-9.
    • (1987) Pediatrics , vol.80 , pp. 672-679
    • Loening-Baucke, V.1    Cruikshank, B.2    Savage, C.3
  • 45
    • 3242673458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anal fissures and anal scars in anal abuse: Are they significant?
    • Pierce AM. Anal fissures and anal scars in anal abuse: are they significant? Pediatr Surg Int 2004;20:334-8.
    • (2004) Pediatr Surg Int , vol.20 , pp. 334-338
    • Pierce, A.M.1
  • 46
    • 0242610949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anal findings in sexual abuse of children (a descriptive study)
    • Bruni M. Anal findings in sexual abuse of children (a descriptive study). J Forensic Sci 2003;48:1343-6.
    • (2003) J Forensic Sci , vol.48 , pp. 1343-1346
    • Bruni, M.1
  • 47
    • 0026770165 scopus 로고
    • What is the meaning of colorectal transit time measurement?
    • Bouchoucha M, Devroede G, Arhan P, et al. What is the meaning of colorectal transit time measurement? Dis Colon Rectum 1992;35:773-82.
    • (1992) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.35 , pp. 773-782
    • Bouchoucha, M.1    Devroede, G.2    Arhan, P.3
  • 48
    • 1842765364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging in spine and spinal cord malformations
    • Rossi A, Biancheri R, Cama A, et al. Imaging in spine and spinal cord malformations. Eur J Radiol 2004;50:177-200.
    • (2004) Eur J Radiol , vol.50 , pp. 177-200
    • Rossi, A.1    Biancheri, R.2    Cama, A.3
  • 49
    • 4444338191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of spinal cord lesions in patients with intractable constipation
    • Rosen R, Buonomo C, Andrade R, et al. Incidence of spinal cord lesions in patients with intractable constipation. J Pediatr 2004;145:409-11.
    • (2004) J Pediatr , vol.145 , pp. 409-411
    • Rosen, R.1    Buonomo, C.2    Andrade, R.3
  • 50
    • 7944219654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of fecal incontinence in children without functional fecal retention
    • Pensabene L, Nurko S. Management of fecal incontinence in children without functional fecal retention. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol 2004;7:381-90.
    • (2004) Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol , vol.7 , pp. 381-390
    • Pensabene, L.1    Nurko, S.2
  • 51
    • 0347362566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of pediatric fecal incontinence
    • Di Lorenzo C, Benninga MA. Pathophysiology of pediatric fecal incontinence. Gastroenterology 2004;126 (Suppl 1):33-40.
    • (2004) Gastroenterology , vol.126 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 33-40
    • Di Lorenzo, C.1    Benninga, M.A.2
  • 52
    • 0036260309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of childhood encopresis: A randomized trial comparing three treatment protocols
    • Borowitz SM, Cox DJ, Sutphen JL, et al. Treatment of childhood encopresis: a randomized trial comparing three treatment protocols. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002;34:378-84.
    • (2002) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.34 , pp. 378-384
    • Borowitz, S.M.1    Cox, D.J.2    Sutphen, J.L.3
  • 53
    • 33745026240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral and cognitive interventions with or without other treatments for the management of fecal incontinence in children
    • CD002240
    • Brazzelli M, Griffiths P. Behavioral and cognitive interventions with or without other treatments for the management of fecal incontinence in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;2:CD002240.
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , pp. 2
    • Brazzelli, M.1    Griffiths, P.2
  • 54
    • 0042667016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood constipation: Longitudinal follow-up beyond puberty
    • van Ginkel R, Reitsma JB, Buller HA, et al. Childhood constipation: longitudinal follow-up beyond puberty. Gastroenterology 2003;125:357-63.
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.125 , pp. 357-363
    • van Ginkel, R.1    Reitsma, J.B.2    Buller, H.A.3
  • 55
    • 0026600324 scopus 로고
    • Chronic constipation with encopresis persisting beyond 15 years of age
    • Rex DK, Fitzgerald JF, Goulet RJ. Chronic constipation with encopresis persisting beyond 15 years of age. Dis Colon Rectum 1992;35:242-4.
    • (1992) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.35 , pp. 242-244
    • Rex, D.K.1    Fitzgerald, J.F.2    Goulet, R.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.