Electrical stimulation-evoked resistance exercise therapy improves arterial health after chronic spinal cord injury

Spinal Cord

Volumn 45, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 49-56

  Stoner, L ^a   Sabatier, M J ^a   Mahoney, E T ^a   Dudley, G A ^a   McCully, K K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Arterial health; Exercise; Flow mediated dilation; Neuromuscular electrical stimulation; Resistance training; Spinal cord injury

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTERY; ARTERY OCCLUSION; ARTICLE; BLOOD VESSEL DIAMETER; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DYNAMIC EXERCISE; ELECTROSTIMULATION; EXERCISE; HUMAN; KINESIOTHERAPY; LEG; LEG ARTERY; LEG ISCHEMIA; MALE; NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION; POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUADRICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE; SPINAL CORD INJURY; STATISTICAL MODEL; ULTRASOUND; VASODILATATION;

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; CHRONIC DISEASE; ELECTRIC STIMULATION THERAPY; EXERCISE THERAPY; HUMANS; MALE; REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW; SPINAL CORD INJURIES; TIBIAL ARTERIES; TIME FACTORS; ULTRASONOGRAPHY;

EID: 33846091746     PISSN: 13624393     EISSN: 14765624     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.sc.3101940     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Garshick E et al. A prospective assessment of mortality in chronic spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2005; 43: 408-416.
2. Balady GJ et al. Acsm's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription sixth edn Lippincott Williams and Wilkins: Philadelphia 2000.
3. Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG. Physical activity in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: an epidemiological perspective. Sports Med 2001; 31: 101-114.
4. Blair SN et al. Physical activity, nutrition, and chronic disease. Med Sci Sports Exer 1996; 28: 335-349.
5. Erikssen G et al. Changes in physical fitness and changes in mortality. Lancet 1998; 352: 759-762.
6. El-Sayed MS, Younesian A. Lipid profiles are influenced by arm cranking exercise and training in individuals with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord 2005; 43: 299-305.
7. El-Sayed MS, Younesian A, Rahman K, Ismail FM, El-Sayed Ali Z. The effects of arm cranking exercise and training on platelet aggregation in male spinal cord individuals. Thromb Res 2004; 113: 129-136.
8. Jacobs PL, Nash MS, Rusinowski JW. Circuit training provides cardiorespiratory and strength benefits in persons with paraplegia. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001; 33: 711-717.
9. Nash MS, Jacobs PL, Mendez AJ, Goldberg RB. Circuit resistance training improves the atherogenic lipid profiles of persons with chronic paraplegia. J Spinal Cord Med 2001; 24: 2-9.
10. Cooney MM, Walker JB. Hydraulic resistance exercise benefits cardiovascular fitness of spinal cord injured. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1986; 18: 522-525.
11. Jacobs PL, Mahoney ET, Nash MS, Green BA. Circuit resistance training in persons with complete paraplegia. J Rehabil Res Dev 2002; 39: 21-28.
12. Subbarao JV, Klopfstein J, Turpin R. Prevalence and impact of wrist and shoulder pain in patients with spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 1995; 18: 9-13.
13. Jacobs PL et al. Evaluation of a training program for persons with Sci paraplegia using the parastep 1 ambulation system: part 2. Effects on physiological responses to peak arm ergometry. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1997; 78: 794-798.
14. Krauss JC et al. Effects of electrical stimulation and upper body training after spinal cord injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1993; 25: 1054-1061.
15. Klose KJ et al. Evaluation of a training program for persons with sci paraplegia using the parastep 1 ambulation system: part 1. Ambulation performance and anthropometric measures. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1997; 78: 789-793.
16. Block JE et al. Electrically-stimulated muscle hypertrophy in paraplegia: assessment by quantitative Ct. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1989; 13: 852-854.
17. Hopman MTE, Groothuis JT, Flendrie M, Gerrits KHL, Houtman S. Increased vascular resistance in paralyzed legs after spinal cord injury is reversible by training. J Appl Physiol 2002; 93: 1966-1972.
18. Nash MS et al. Evaluation of a training program for persons with sci paraplegia using the parastep 1 ambulation system: part 5. Lower extremity blood flow and hyperemic responses to occlusion are augmented by ambulation training. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1997; 78: 808-814.
19. Gerrits H, de Haan A, Sargeant A, van Langen H, Hopman M. Peripheral vascular changes after electrically stimulated cycle training in people with spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001; 82: 832-839.
20. Hooker SP et al. Physiologic effects of electrical stimulation leg cycle exercise training in spinal cord injured persons. Arch Phy Med Rehabil 1992; 73: 470-476.
21. Dudley GA, Castro MJ, Rogers S, Apple Jr DF. A simple means of increasing muscle size after spinal cord injury: a pilot study. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1999; 80: 394-396.
22. Stoner L et al. Upper versus lower extremity arterial function after spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2006; 29: 138-146.
23. Mahoney ET et al. Changes in skeletal muscle size and glucose tolerance with electrically stimulated resistance training in subjects with chronic spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 86: 1502-1504.
24. Sabatier MJ et al. Electrically stimulated resistance training in SCI individuals increases muscle fatigue resistance but not femoral artery size or blood flow. Spinal Cord 2005; 44: 227-233.
25. Bickel CS, Slade JM, Dudley GA. Long-term spinal cord injury increases susceptibility to isometric contraction-induced muscle injury. Eur J Appl Physiol 2004; 91: 308-313.
26. Black C, Vickerson B, McCully K. Noninvasive assessment of vascular function in the posterior tibial artery of healthy humans. Dyn Med 2003; 2: 1.
27. Vogel RA, Corretti MC, Plotnick GD. A comparison of brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation using upper and lower arm arterial occlusion in subjects with and without coronary risk factors. Clin Cardiol 2000; 23: 571-575.
28. Hangiandreou NJ, James EM, McBane RD, Tradup DJ, Persons KR. The effects of irreversible JPEG compression on an automated algorithm for measuring carotid artery intima-media thickness from ultrasound images. J Digit Imaging 2002; 15: 258-260.
29. Stoner L, Sabatier M, Edge K, McCully K. The relationship between blood velocity and conduit artery diameter, and the effects of smoking on vascular responsiveness. J Appl Physiol 2004; 96: 2139-2145.
30. Raudenbush SW, Bryk AS. Hierarchical Linear Models: Applications and Data Analysis Methods (Advanced Quantitative Techniques in the Social Sciences) 2nd edn SAGE Publications: Thousand Oaks, CA 2001.
31. Tu YK, Blance A, Clerehugh V, Gilthorpe MS. Statistical power for analyses of changes in randomized controlled trials. J Dent Res 2005; 84: 283-287.
32. Vickers AJ. The use of percentage change from baseline as an outcome in a controlled trial is statistically inefficient: a simulation study. BMC Med Res Methodol 2001; 1: 6.
33. Twisk J, Proper K. Evaluation of the results of a randomized controlled trial: how to define changes between baseline and follow-up. J Clin Epidemiol 2004; 57: 223-228.
34. Neunteufl T et al. Systemic endothelial dysfunction is related to the extent and severity of coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 1997; 129: 111-118.
35. Anderson TJ et al. Close relation of endothelial function in the human coronary and peripheral circulations. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 26: 1235-1241.
36. Celermajer DS et al. Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis. Lancet 1992; 340: 1111-1115.
37. Lind L, Johansson K, Hall J. The effects of mental stress and the cold pressure test on flow-mediated vasodilation. Blood Press 2002; 11: 22-27.
38. Naylor LH, Weisbrod CJ, O'Driscoll G, Green DJ. Measuring peripheral resistance and conduit arterial structure in humans using doppler ultrasound. J Appl Physiol 2005; 98: 2311-2315.
39. Silber HA et al. Why isflow-mediated dilation dependent on arterial size? Assessment of the shear stimulus using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005; 288: H822-H828.
40. Mitchell GF et al. Local shear stress and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation: the framingham heart study. Hypertension 2004; 44: 134-139.
41. Olive JL, Dudley GA, McCully KK. Vascular remodeling after spinal cord injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003; 35: 901-907.
42. Olive JL, McCully KK, Dudley GA. Blood flow response in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injuries. Spinal Cord 2002; 40: 640-646.
43. Harris LM et al. Vascular reactivity in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Am J Cardiol 1995; 76: 207-212.
44. Imamura M et al. Repeated thermal therapy improves impaired vascular endothelial function in patients with coronary risk factors. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 38: 1083-1088.
45. Prior BM, Lloyd PG, Yang HT, Terjung RL. Exercise-induced vascular remodeling. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2003; 31: 26-33.
46. Dinenno FA et al. Regular endurance exercise induces expansive arterial remodelling in the trained limbs of healthy men. J Physiol (London) 2001; 534: 287-295.
47. Green DJ et al. Exercise-induced improvement in endothelial dysfunction is not mediated by changes in cv risk factors: pooled analysis of diverse patient populations. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2003; 285: H2679-H2687.
48. O'Sullivan SE. The effects of exercise training on markers of endothelial function in young healthy men. Int J Sports Med 2003; 24: 404-409.
49. Gokce N et al. Effect of exercise on upper and lower extremity endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 2002; 90: 124-127.
50. Thijssen DH, Heesterbeek P, van Kuppevelt DJ, Duysens J, Hopman MT. Local vascular adaptations after hybrid training in spinal cord-injured subjects. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2005; 37: 1112-1118.
51. De Groot PC, Crozier J, Rakobowchuk M, Hopman M, MacDonald M. Electrical stimulation alters fmd and arterial compliance in extremely inactive legs. Med Sci Sports Exer 2005; 37: 1356-1364.