Current management of appendicitis

Seminars in Pediatric Surgery

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 34-40

  Morrow, Stephen E ^a,b   Newman, Kurt D ^a,b  

^a VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

Author keywords

Acute appendicitis; Laparoscopic appendectomy; Nonoperative management; Radiographic diagnosis; Ruptured appendicitis

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN PLUS CLAVULANIC ACID; AMPICILLIN; CEFOTETAN; CEFOXITIN; CEFTRIAXONE; CLINDAMYCIN; GENTAMICIN; METRONIDAZOLE; PIPERACILLIN; PIPERACILLIN PLUS TAZOBACTAM; SULBACTAM; TAZOBACTAM; TIMENTIN;

APPENDECTOMY; APPENDICITIS; ARTICLE; CLINICAL PROTOCOL; CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT; HUMAN; LAPAROSCOPY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIODIAGNOSIS;

ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; APPENDECTOMY; APPENDICITIS; CHILD; DRAINAGE; HUMANS;

EID: 33845950873     PISSN: 10558586     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2006.10.005     Document Type: Article

References (79)

1. Wagner J.M., McKinney W.P., and Carpenter J.L. Does this patient have appendicitis?. JAMA 276 (1996) 1589-1594
2. Nance M.L., Adamson W.T., and Hedrick H.L. Appendicitis in the young child: a continuing diagnostic challenge. Pediatr Emerg Care 16 (2000) 160-162
3. Newman K., Ponsky T., Kittle K., et al. Appendicitis 2000: variability in practice, outcomes, and resource utilization at thirty pediatric hospitals. J Pediatr Surg 38 (2003) 372-379
4. Cappendijk V.C., and Hazebroek F.W. The impact of diagnostic delay on the course of acute appendicitis. Arch Dis Child 83 (2000) 64-66
5. Flum D.R., and Koepsell T. The clinical and economic correlates of misdiagnosed appendicitis: nationwide analysis. Arch Surg 137 (2002) 799-804
6. Jaye D.L., and Waites K.B. Clinical applications of C-reactive protein in pediatrics. Pediatr Infect Dis J 16 (1997) 735-746
7. Samuel M. Pediatric appendicitis score. J Pediatr Surg 37 (2002) 877-881
8. Macklin C.P., Radcliffe G.S., Merei J.M., et al. A prospective evaluation of the modified Alvarado score for acute appendicitis in children. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 79 (1997) 203-205
9. Dolgin S.E., Beck A.R., and Tartter P.I. The risk of perforation when children with possible appendicitis are observed in the hospital. Surg Gynecol Obstet 175 (1992) 320-324
10. Applegate K.E., Sivit C.J., Salvator A.E., et al. Effect of cross-sectional imaging on negative appendectomy and peforation rates in children. Radiology 220 (2001) 103-107
11. Kosloske A.M., Love C.L., Rohrer J.E., et al. The diagnosis of appendicitis in children. Outcomes of a strategy based on pediatric surgical evaluation. Pediatrics 113 (2004) 29-34
12. Partrick D.A. Increased CT scan utilization does not improve the diagnostic accuracy of appendicitis in children. J Pediatr Surg 38 (2003) 659-662
13. Flum D.R., Morris A., Koepsell T., et al. Has misdiagnosis of appendicitis decreased over time?. A population-based analysis. JAMA 286 (2001) 1748-1753
14. Stephen A.E., Segev K.L., Ryan D.P., et al. The diagnosis of appendicitis in a pediatric population: to CT or not to CT. J Pediatr Surg 38 (2003) 367-371
15. Martin A.E. CT scans may not reduce the negative appendectomy rate in children. J Pediatr Surg 39 (2004) 886-890
16. Lelli J.L., Drongowski R.A., Raviz S., et al. Historical changes in the postoperative treatment of appendicitis in children: impact on medical outcome. J Pediatr Surg 35 (2000) 239-245
17. York D., Smith A., Phillips J.D., et al. The influence of advanced radiographic imaging on the treatment of pediatric appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg 12 (2005) 1908-1911
18. Hahn H.B., Hoepner F.U., Kalle T., et al. Ultrasonography in suspected acute appendicitis in children: 7 years experience. Pediatr Radiol 28 (1998) 147-151
19. Rubin S.Z., and Martin D.J. Ultrasonography in the management of possible appendicitis in childhood. J Pediatr Surg 25 (1990) 737-740
20. Lessin M.S., Chan M., Catallozzi M., et al. Selective use of ultrasonography for acute appendicitis in children. Am J Surg 177 (1999) 193-196
21. Dilley A., Wesson D., Munden M., et al. The impact of ultrasound examinations on the management of children with suspected appendicitis: a 3-year analysis. J Pediatr Surg 36 (2001) 303-308
22. Ramachandran P., Sivit C.J., Newman K.D., et al. Ultrasonography as an adjunct in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis: a 4-year experience. J Pediatr Surg 31 (1996) 164-167
23. Sivit C.J., Applegate K.E., Stallion A., et al. Imaging evaluation of suspected appendicitis in a pediatric population: effectiveness of sonography versus CT. Am J Roentgenol 175 (2000) 977-980
24. Hagendorf B.A., Clarke J.R., and Burd R.S. The optimal initial management of children with suspected appendicitis: a decision analysis. J Pediatr Surg 39 (2004) 880-885
25. Harswick C. Clinical guidelines, computed tomography scan, and negative appendectomies: a case series. Am J Emerg Med 24 (2006) 68-72
26. Mullins M.E., Kircher M.F., Ryan D.P., et al. Evaluation of suspected appendicitis in children using limited helical CT and colonic contrast material. Am J Roentgenol 176 (2001) 37-41
27. Lowe L.H., Penney M.W., Stein S.M., et al. Unenhanced limited CT of the abdomen in the diagnosis of appendicitis in children: comparison with sonography. Am J Roentgenol 176 (2001) 31-35
28. Brenner D., Elliston C., Hall E., et al. Estimated risks of radiation-induced fatal cancer from pediatric CT. Am J Roentgenol 176 (2001) 289-296
29. Guillerman R.P., Brody A.S., and Kraus S.J. Evidence-based guidelines for pediatric imaging: the example of the child with possible appendicitis. Pediatr Ann 31 (2002) 629-640
30. Peña B.M., Taylor G.A., Fishman S.J., et al. Costs and effectiveness of ultrasonography and limited computed tomography for diagnosing appendicitis in children. Pediatrics 106 (2000) 672-676
31. Rodriguez J.C., Buckner D., Schoenike S., et al. Comparison of two antibiotic regimens in the treatment of perforated appendicitis in pediatric patients. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 38 (2000) 492-499
32. Fishman S.J., Pelosi L., Klavon S.L., et al. Perforated appendicitis: Prospective outcome analysis for 150 children. J Pediatr Surg 35 (2000) 923-926
33. St. Peter S.D., Little D.C., Calkins C.M., et al. A simple and more cost-effective antibiotic regimen for perforated appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg 41 (2006) 1020-1024
34. Surana R., Quinn F., and Puri P. Is it necessary to perform appendectomy in the middle of the night in children?. Br Med J 306 (1993) 1168
35. Yardeni D., Hirschl R.B., Drongowski R.A., et al. Delayed versus immediate surgery in acute appendicitis: do we need to operate during the night?. J Pediatr Surg 39 (2004) 464-469
36. Muehlstedt S.G., Pham T.Q., and Schmeling D.J. The management of pediatric appendicitis: a survey of North American Pediatric Surgeons. J Pediatr Surg 39 (2004) 875-879
37. Henry M.C., Gollin F., Islam S., et al. Matched analysis of non-operative management and immediate appendectomy for perforated appendicitis. Presented at the 37th annual meeting of the American Pediatric Surgical Association, May 2006. J Pediatr Surg (2007) in press
38. Weiner D.Z., Katz A., Hirschl R.B., et al. Interval appendectomy in perforated appendicitis. Pediatr Surg Int 10 (1995) 82-85
39. Weber T.R. Is delayed operative treatment worth the trouble with perforated appendicitis in children?. Am J Surg 186 (2003) 685-689
40. Kogut K.A., Blakely M.L., Schropp K.P., et al. The association of elevated percent bands on admission with failure and complications of interval appendectomy. J Pediatr Surg 36 (2001) 165-168
41. Ein S.H., and Shandling B. Is interval appendectomy necessary after rupture of an appendiceal mass?. J Pediatr Surg 31 (1996) 849-850
42. Puapong D., Kaminski A., Haigh P., et al. Should interval appendectomy be performed in pediatric patients initially treated non-operatively for appendicitis?. Presented at the 37th annual meeting of the American Pediatric Surgical Association, May 2006. J Pediatr Surg (2007) in press
43. Gahukamble D.B., and Gahukamble L.D. Surgical and pathological basis for interval appendectomy after resolution of appendicular mass in children. J Pediatr Surg 35 (2000) 424-427
44. Mazziotti M.V., Marley E.F., Winthrop A.L., et al. Histopathologic analysis of interval appendectomy specimens: support for the role of interval appendectomy. J Pediatr Surg 32 (1997) 806-809
45. Chen C., Botelho C., Cooper A., et al. Current practice patterns in the treatment of perforated appendicitis in children. J Am Coll Surg 196 (2003) 212-221
46. Lane J.S., Schmit P.J., Chandler C.F., et al. Ileocecectomy is definitive treatment for advanced appendicitis. Am Surg 67 (2001) 117-122
47. Bilik R., Burnweit C., and Shandling B. Is abdominal cavity culture of any value in appendicitis?. Am J Surg 175 (1998) 267-270
48. Kokoska E.R., Silen M.L., Tracy T.F., et al. The impact of intraoperative culture on treatment and outcome in children with perforated appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg 34 (1999) 749-753
49. Sherman J.O., Luck S.R., and Borger J.A. Irrigation of the peritoneal cavity for appendicitis in children: a double blind study. J Pediatr Surg 11 (1976) 371-374
50. Kokoska E.R., Silen M.L., Tracy T.F., et al. Perforated appendicitis in children: risk factors for the development of complications. Surgery 124 (1998) 619-625
51. David I.B., Buck J.R., and Filler R.M. Rational use of antibiotics for perforated appendicitis in childhood. J Pediatr Surg 17 (1982) 494-500
52. Wright J.E. Controlled trial of wound infiltration with bupivicaine for postoperative pain relief after appendectomy in children. Br J Surg 80 (1993) 110-111
53. Little D.C., Custer M.D., May B.H., et al. Laparoscopic appendectomy: An unnecessary and expensive procedure in children?. J Pediatr Surg 37 (2002) 310-317
54. Meguerditchian A.N., Prasil P., Cloutier R., et al. Laparoscopic appendectomy in children: a favorable alternative in simple and complicated appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg 37 (2002) 695-698
55. Lintula H., Kokki H., and Vanamo K. Single-blind randomized clinical trial of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy in children. Br J Surg 88 (2001) 510-514
56. Canty T.G., Collins D., Losasso B., et al. Laparoscopic appendectomy for simple and perforated appendicitis in children: the procedure of choice?. J Pediatr Surg 35 (2000) 1582-1585
57. Lintula H., Kokki H., Vanamo K., et al. Laparoscopy in children with complicated appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg 37 (2002) 1317-1320
58. Horwitz J.R., Custer M.D., May B.H., et al. Should laparoscopic appendectomy be avoided for complicated appendicitis in children?. J Pediatr Surg 32 (1997) 1601-1603
59. Eypasch E., Sauerland S., Lefering R., et al. Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy: between evidence and common sense. Dig Surg 19 6 (2002) 518-522
60. Hoelzer D.J., Zabel D.D., and Zern J.T. Determining duration of antibiotic use in children with complicated appendicitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 18L (1999) 979-982
61. Fishman S.J., Pelosi L., Klavon S.L., et al. Perforated appendicitis: prospective outcome analysis for 150 children. J Pediatr Surg 35 (2000) 923-926
62. Rice H.E., Brown R.L., Gollin G., et al. Results of a pilot trial comparing prolonged intravenous antibiotics with sequential intravenous/oral antibiotics for children with perforated appendicitis. Arch Surg 136 (2001) 1391-1395
63. Bradley J.S., Behrendt C.E., Arrieta A.C., et al. Convalescent phase outpatient parenteral anti-infective therapy for children with complicated appendicitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 20 1 (2001) 19-24
64. Gollin G., Abarbanell A., and Morres D. Oral antibiotics in the management of perforated appendicitis in children. Am Surg 68 (2002) 1072-1074
65. Meier D., Guzetta P., and Barber R. Perforated appendicitis in children: is there a best treatment?. J Pediatr Surg 38 (2003) 1520-1524
66. Serour F., Efrati Y., Klin B., et al. Subcuticular skin closure as a standard approach to emergency appendectomy in children: prospective clinical trial. World J Surg 20 (1996) 38-42
67. Burnweit C., Bilik R., and Shandling B. Primary closure of contaminated wounds in perforated appendicitis. J Pediatr Surg 26 (1991) 1362-1365
68. Tsang T.M., Tam P.K., and Saing H. Delayed primary wound closure using skin tapes for advanced appendicitis in children. A prospective, controlled study. Arch Surg 127 (1992) 451-453
69. Okoye B.O., Rampersad B., Marantos, et al. Abscess after appendectomy in children: the role of conservative management. Br J Surg 85 (1998) 1111-1113
70. Warner B.W., Kulick R.M., Stoops M.M., et al. An evidenced-based clinical pathway for acute appendicitis decreases hospital duration and cost. J Pediatr Surg 33 (1998) 1371-1375
71. Johnson P.A., Chavanu K.E., and Newman K.D. Guiding practice improvements in pediatric surgery using multidisciplinary clinical pathways. Semin Pediatr Surg 11 (2002) 20-24
72. Smink D.S., Finkelstein J.A., Garcia Pena B.M., et al. Diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children using a clinical practice guideline. J Pediatr Surg 39 (2004) 458-463
73. Lelli J.L., Drongowski R.A., Raviz S., et al. Historical changes in the postoperative treatment of appendicitis in children: impact on medical outcome. J Pediatr Surg 35 (2000) 239-244
74. Alexander F., Magnuson D., DiFiore J., et al. Specialty versus generalist care of children with appendicitis: an outcome comparison. J Pediatr Surg 36 (2001) 1510-1513
75. Kokoska E.R. Effect of pediatric surgical practice on the treatment of children with appendicitis. Pediatrics 107 (2001) 1298-1301
76. Smink D.S., Finkelstein J.A., Kleinman K., et al. The effect of hospital volume of pediatric appendectomies on the misdiagnosis of appendicitis in children. Pediatrics 113 (2004) 18-23
77. Addiss D.G., Shaffer N., Fowler B.S., et al. The epidemiology of appendicitis and appendectomy in the United States. Am J Epidemiol 132 (1990) 910-924
78. Fisher K.S., and Ross D.S. Guidelines for therapeutic decision in incidental appendectomy. Surg Gynecol Obstet 171 (1990) 95-98
79. Wang H.T., and Sax H.C. Incidental appendectomy in the era of managed care and laparoscopy. J Am Coll Surg 192 (2001) 182-188