What do the X and Y chromosomes tell us about sex and gender in forensic case analysis?

Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 27-30

  von Wurmb Schwark, Nicole ^a   Bosinski, Hartmut ^a   Ritz Timme, Stefanie ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KIEL   (Germany)

^b HEINRICH HEINE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Amelogenin; Gender; Genetic diversity; PCR based sex testing; Sex determination

Indexed keywords

AMELOGENIN;

ANDROGEN INSENSITIVITY SYNDROME; BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; CHIMERA; DNA FINGERPRINTING; FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION; GENDER IDENTITY; GENETIC IDENTIFICATION; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; GRAFT RECIPIENT; HUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PREGNANT WOMAN; REVIEW; SEX DETERMINATION; SHORT TANDEM REPEAT; TRANSSEXUALISM; X CHROMOSOME; Y CHROMOSOME;

AMELOGENIN; CHIMERISM; CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, X; CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN, Y; DNA FINGERPRINTING; FORENSIC GENETICS; HUMANS; SEX DETERMINATION (ANALYSIS); SEX DIFFERENTIATION DISORDERS; TRANSSEXUALISM; VARIATION (GENETICS);

EID: 33845720021     PISSN: 1752928X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.09.003     Document Type: Review

References (28)

1. Bayley D.M.D., Affra N.A., and Fergusons-Smith M. The X-Y homologous gene amelogenin maps to the short arms of both the X and the Y chromosomes and is highly conserved in primates. Genomics 14 (1992) 203-205
2. Mannucci A., Sullivan K.M., Ivanov P.L., and Gill P. Forensic application of a rapid and quantitative DNA sex test by amplification of the X-Y homologous gene amelogenin. Int J Legal Med 106 (1994) 190-193
3. Haas-Rochholz H., and Weiler G. Additional primer sets for an amelogenin gene PCR-based DNA-sex test. Int J Legal Med 110 (1997) 312-315
4. Faerman M., Filon D., Kahila G., Greenblatt C.H., Smith P., and Oppenheim A. Sex identification of archaeological human remains based on amplification of the X and Y amelogenin alleles. Gene 167 (1995) 327-332
5. Birus I., Marcikic M., Lauc D., Dzijan S., and Lauc G. How high should paternity index be for reliable identification of war victims by DNA typing?. Croat Med J 44 3 (2003) 322-326
6. Chiurillo M.A., Morales A., Mendes A.M., Lander N., Tovar F., Fuentes A., et al. Genetic profiling of a central Venezuelan population using 15 STR markers that may be of forensic importance. Forensic Sci Int 136 (2003) 99-101
7. Santos F.R., Pandya A., and Tyler-Smith C. Reliability of DNA-based sex tests. Nat Genet 18 (1998) 103
8. Roffey P.E., Eckhoff C.I., and Kuhl J.L. A rare mutation in the amelogenin gene and its potential investigative ramifications. J Forensic Sci 45 (2000) 1016-1019
9. Henke J., Henke L., Chatthopadhyay P., Kayser M., Dülmer M., Cleef S., et al. Application of Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes to forensic genetics. Croatian Med J 43 (2001) 292-297
10. Steinlechner M., Berger B., Niederstätter H., and Parson W. Rare failures in the amelogenin sex test. Int J Legal Med 116 (2002) 117-120
11. Thangaraj K., Reddy A.G., and Singh L. Is the amelogenin gene reliable for gender identification in forensic casework and prenatal diagnosis?. Int J Legal Med 116 (2002) 121-123
12. Brinkmann B. Is the amelogenin sex test valid?. Int J Legal Med 116 (2002) 63
13. Michael A., and Brauner P. Erroneous gender identification by the amelogenin sex test. J Forensic Sci 49 (2004) 258-259
14. Dauber EM, Dorner G, Mitterbauer M, Wenda S, Faé I, Mayr WR. Discrepant results of samples taken from different tissues of a single individual. In: Oral presentation (O22) on the international society for forensic genetics, 9-13 September 2003, Bordeaux, Arcachon, France.
15. Cohena Y., and Nagler A. Hematopoetic stem-cell transplantation using umbilical-cord blood. Leuk Lymphoma 44 (2003) 1287-1299
16. Bianchi D.W. Circulating fetal DNA: Its origin and diagnostic potential. Placenta 25 (2004) 93-101
17. Nitsche E.M., and Hiort O. The molecular basis of androgen insensitivity. Horm Res 54 (2000) 327-333
18. Wisniewsk A.B., Migeon C.J., Meyer-Bahlburg H.F.L., Gearhart J.P., Berkovitz G.D., Brown T.R., et al. Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (cAIS): Long-term medical, surgical, and phychosexual outcome. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol 85 (2000) 2664-2669
19. Hines M., Ahmed S.F., and Hughes I.A. Psychological outcomes and gender-related development in complete androgen insensitivity syndrome [AIS]. Arch Sex Behav 32 (2003) 93-101
20. Warne G.L.M., and Zajac J.D. Disorders of sexual differentiation. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 27 (1998) 945-967
21. Mendonca B.B., Inacio M., Costa E.M., Arnhold I.J., Silva F.A., Nicolau W., et al. Male pseudohermaphroditism due to steroid 5alpha-reductase 2 deficiency. Diagnosis, psychological evaluation, and management. Medicine (Baltimore) 75 2 (1996) 64-76
22. Bangsboll S., Qvist I., Lebech P.E., and Lewinsky M. Testicular feminization syndrome and associated gonadal tumors in Denmark. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 71 (1992) 63-66
23. Boehmer A., Brüggenwirth H., Van Assendelft C., Otten B., Verleun-Mooijman M.C.T., Niermeijer M.F., et al. Genotype versus phenotype in families with androgen insensitivity syndrome. J Clin Endrocrinol Metabol 86 (2001) 4151-4160
24. American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. fourth ed. (1994), American Psychiatric Press, Washington (DC)
25. Genel M. Gender verification no more?. Medscape Womens Healths 5 (2000) E2
26. Gill P., Brenner C., Brinkmann B., et al. DNA Commission of the International Society of Forensic Genetics: recommendations on forensic analysis using Y-chromosome STRs. Forensic Sci Int 124 (2001) 5-10
27. Schmidt U., Meier N., and Lutz S. Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes in a population sample from southwest Germany (Freiburg area). Int J Legal Med 117 (2003) 211-217
28. Fitzgerald P.H. Sex determination and some anomalies in man. NZ Med J 90 (1979) 16-19