Fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum) hepatotoxicosis in horses and sheep

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Volumn 20, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 1414-1421

  Johnson, Amy L ^a,e   Divers, T J ^a   Freckleton, M L ^b   McKenzie, H C ^c   Mitchell, E ^c   Cullen, J M ^d   McDonough, S P ^a  

^a Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine ^*  (United States)

^b Haymarket Veterinary Service   (United States)

^c MARION DUPONT SCOTT EQUINE MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e Department of Clinical Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

Apoptosis; Hepatocyte necrosis; Liver; Steroidal saponins

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ANIMAL FOOD; ARTICLE; BLOOD; CASE REPORT; CYTOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; EPIDEMIC; FEMALE; FOOD CONTAMINATION; HORSE; HORSE DISEASE; LIVER; LIVER DISEASE; MALE; MILLET; PATHOLOGY; SHEEP; SHEEP DISEASE;

ANIMAL FEED; ANIMALS; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; FEMALE; FOOD CONTAMINATION; HORSE DISEASES; HORSES; LIVER; LIVER DISEASES; MALE; PANICUM; SHEEP; SHEEP DISEASES;

ANIMALIA; EQUIDAE; EQUUS CABALLUS; OVIS ARIES; PANICUM; PANICUM DICHOTOMIFLORUM;

EID: 33845714726     PISSN: 08916640     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1892/0891-6640(2006)20[1414:FPPDHI]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Cheeke PR. Endogenous toxins and mycotoxins in forage grasses and their effects on livestock. J Anim Sci 1995;73:909-918.
2. Dollahite JW, Younger RL, Jones LP. Photosensitization in lambs grazing kleingrass. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1977;171:1264-1265.
3. Muchiri DJ, Bridges CH, Ueckert DN, et al. Photosensitization of sheep on kleingrass pasture. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1980;177:353-354.
4. Bridges CH, Camp BJ, Livingston CW, et al. Kleingrass (Panicum coloratum L.) poisoning in sheep. Vet Pathol 1987;24:525-531.
5. Button C, Paynter DI, Shiel MJ, et al. Crystal-associated cholangiohepatopathy and photosensitization in lambs. Aust Vet J 1987;64:176-180.
6. Cornick JL, Carter GK, Bridges CH. Kleingrass-associated hepatotoxicosis in horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1988;193:932-935.
7. Graydon RJ, Hamid H, Zahari P, et al. Photosensitization and crystal-associated cholangiohepatopathy in sheep grazing Brachiaria decumbens. Aust Vet J 1991;68:234-236.
8. Cruz C, Driemeier D, Silva Pires V, et al. Experimentally induced cholangiohepatopathy by dosing sheep with fractionated extracts from Brachiaria decumbens. J Vet Diag Invest 2001;13:170-172.
9. Kellerman TS, Van der Westhuizen GCA, Coetzer JAW, et al. Photosensitivity in South Africa. II. The experimental production of the ovine hepatogenous photosensitivity disease geeldikkop (Tribulosis ovis) by the simultaneous ingestion of Tribulus terrestris plants and cultures of Pithomyces chartarum containing the mycotoxin sporidesmin. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 1980;47:231-261.
10. Kellerman TS, Erasmus GL, Coetzer JAW, et al. Photosensitivity in South Africa. VI. The experimental induction of geeldikkop in sheep with crude steroidal saponins from Tribulus terrestris. Onderstepoort J Vet Res 1991;58:47-53.
11. Abdelkader SV, Ceh L, Dishington IW, et al. Alveld-producing saponins. II. Toxicological studies. Acta Vet Scand 1984;25:76-85.
12. Patamalai B, Hejtmancik E, Bridges CH, et al. The isolation and identification of steroidal sapogenins in kleingrass. Vet Hum Toxicol 1990;32:314-318.
13. Munday SC, Wilkins AL, Miles CO, et al. Isolation and structure elucidation of dichotomin, a furostanol saponin implicated in hepatogenous photosensitization of sheep grazing Panicum dichotomiflorum. J Agric Food Chem 1993;41:267-271.
14. Meagher LP, Wilkins AL, Miles CO, et al. Hepatogenous photosensitization of ruminants by Brachiaria decumbens and Panicum dichotomiflorum in the absence of sporidesmin: Lithogenic saponins may be responsible. Vet Human Toxicol 1996;38:271-274.
15. Lee ST, Stegelmeier BL, Gardner DR, et al. The isolation and identification of steroidal sapogenins in switchgrass. J Nat Toxins 2001;10:273-281.
16. Lancaster MJ, Vit I, Lyford RL. Analysis of bile crystals from sheep grazing Panicum schinzii (sweet grass). Aust Vet J 1991;68:281.
17. Holland PT, Miles CO, Mortimer PH, et al. Isolation of the steroidal sapogenin epismilagenin from the bile of sheep affected by Panicum dichotomiflorum toxicosis. J Agric Food Chem 1991;39:1963-1965.
18. Miles CO, Munday SC, Holland PT, et al. Identification of a sapogenin glucuronide in the bile of sheep affected by Panicum dichotomiflorum toxicosis. N Z Vet J 1991;39:150-152.
19. Miles CO, Munday SC, Holland PT, et al. Further analysis of bile crystals from sheep grazing Panicum schinzii (sweet grass). Aust Vet J 1992;69:34.
20. Miles CO, Wilkins AL, Munday SC, et al. Identification of the calcium salt of epismilagenin β-D-glucuronide in the bile crystals of sheep affected by Panicum dichotomiflorum and Panicum schinzii toxicoses. J Agric Food Chem 1992;40:1606-1609.
21. Virginia Tech Weed Identification Guide, Fall Panicum: Panicum dichotomiflorum. Available at: http://www.ppws.vt.edu/scott/weed_id/pandi.htm. Accessed March 30, 2006.
22. Stegelmeier BL. Equine photosensitization. Clin Tech Equine Pract 2002;1:81-88.
23. Cullen JM. Mechanistic classification of liver injury. Toxicol Pathol 2005;33:6-8.