Symptom combinations associated with outcome and therapeutic effects in a cohort of cases with SARS

American Journal of Chinese Medicine

Volumn 34, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 937-947

  Li, Shao ^a   Wang, Ruiqin ^b   Zhang, Yulong ^a   Zhang, Xuegong ^a   Layon, A Joseph ^c   Li, Yanda ^a   Chen, Mingzhe ^b  

^a TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b Tsinghua University   (China)

^c UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Symptom combinations; Therapeutic effects; Traditional Chinese Medicine

Indexed keywords

AZITHROMYCIN; CEFUROXIME; HERBA HOTTUYNIAE; HERBACEOUS AGENT; METRONIDAZOLE; OXYGEN; RIBAVIRIN; THYMOSIN;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTHRALGIA; ARTICLE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE DURATION; FEMALE; HEMOFILTRATION; HERBAL MEDICINE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; LENGTH OF STAY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MYALGIA; OXYGEN THERAPY; SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; THERAPY EFFECT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; ARTHRALGIA; CHINA; COHORT STUDIES; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; HEMOFILTRATION; HOUTTUYNIA; HUMANS; LENGTH OF STAY; MALE; MEDICINE, CHINESE TRADITIONAL; MIDDLE AGED; OXYGEN INHALATION THERAPY; OXYHEMOGLOBINS; PHYTOTHERAPY; RIBAVIRIN; SARS VIRUS; SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; THYMOSIN;

EID: 33845518863     PISSN: 0192415X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1142/S0192415X06004417     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Abdullah, A.S., B. Tomlinson, C.S. Cockram and G.N. Thomas. Lessons from the severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in Hong Kong. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 9: 1042-1045, 2003.
2. Aronin, S.I. and M. Sadigh. Severe acute respiratory syndrome. Conn. Med. 68: 207-215, 2004.
3. Booth, C.M., L.M. Matukas, G.A. Tomlinson, A.R. Rachlis, D.B. Rose, H.A. Dwosh, S.L. Walmsley, T. Mazzulli, M. Avendano, P. Derkach, I.E. Ephtimios, I. Kitai, B.D. Mederski, S.B. Shadowitz, W.L. Gold, L.A. Hawryluck, E. Rea, J.S. Chenkin, D.W. Cescon, S.M. Poutanen and A.S. Detsky. Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 144 patients with SARS in the greater Toronto area. JAMA 289: 1-9, 2003.
4. Chan, P.K. Human metapneumovirus-associated atypical pneumonia and SARS. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 10: 497-500, 2004.
5. Chen, S.Y., W.C. Chiang, M.H. Ma, C.P. Su, C.Y. Hsu, P.C.-I. Ko, K.C. Tsai, Z.S. Yen, F.Y. Shih, S.C. Chen, S.J. Lin, J.L. Wang, S.C. Chang and W.J. Chen. Sequential symptomatic analysis in probable severe acute respiratory syndrome cases. Ann. Emerg. Med. 43: 27-33, 2004.
6. Donnelly, C.A., A.C. Ghani, G.M. Leung, A.J. Hedley, C. Fraser, S. Riley, L.J. Abu-Raddad, L.M. Ho, T.Q. Thach, P. Chau, K.P. Chan, T.H. Lam, L.Y. Tse, T. Tsang, S.H. Liu, J.H. Kong, E.M. Lau, N.M. Ferguson and R.M. Anderson. Epidemiological determinants of spread of causal agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. Lancet 361: 1761-1766, 2003.
7. Hedeker, D. and R.D. Gibbons. MIXOR: A computer program for mixed-effects ordinal regression analysis. Comput. Methods Programs Biomed. 49: 157-176, 1996a.
8. Hedeker, D. and R.D. Gibbons. MIXREG: A computer program for mixed-effects regression analysis with autocorrelated errors. Comput. Methods Programs Biomed. 49: 229-252, 1996b.
9. Hsu, C.H., M.C. Yu, C.H. Lee, T.C. Lee and S.Y. Yang. High eosinophil cationic protein level in asthmatic patients with "Heat" Zheng. Am. J. Chin. Med. 31: 277-283, 2003.
10. Jia, W. and W. Gao. Is traditional Chinese medicine useful in the treatment of SARS? Phytother. Res. 17: 840-841, 2003.
11. Kissoon, N. The threat of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). West. Indian Med. J. 52: 91-94, 2003.
12. Lazzeroni, L.C. and C.A. Karlovich. Genotype to phenotype: Associations, errors and complexity. Trends Genet.18: 283-284, 2002.
13. Leung, W.K., K.F. To, P.K. Chan, H.L. Chan, A.K. Wu, N. Lee, K.Y. Yuen and J.J. Sung. Enteric involvement of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection. Gastroenterology 125: 1011-1017, 2003.
14. Li, S., A.P. Lu, L. Zhang and Y.D. Li. Anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibody responses and the value of clinical presentations in diagnosis of H. pylori infection in patients with precancerous lesions. World J. Gastroenterol. 9: 755-758, 2003.
15. Ministry of Health of P. R. China, Clinical criterion for diagnosis of infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome (draft). http://www.moh.gov.cn. Accessed: April 2, 2003.
16. Ooi, C.G., P.L. Khong, J.C. Ho, B. Lam, W.M. Wong, W.C. Yiu, P.C. Wong, C.F. Wong, K.N. Lai and K.W. Tsang. Severe acute respiratory syndrome: radiographic evaluation and clinical outcome measures. Radiology 229: 500-506, 2003.
17. Peiris, J.S., T.C.M. Chu, V.C. Cheng, K.S. Chan, I.F. Hung, L.L. Poon, K.I. Law, B.S. Tang, T.Y. Hon, C.S. Chan, K.H. Chan, J.S. Ng, B.J. Zheng, W.L. Ng, R.W. Lai, Y. Guan and K.Y. Yuen. Clinical progression and viral load in a community outbreak of coronavirus-associated SARS pneumonia: A prospective study. Lancet 361: 1767-1772, 2003.
18. Rainer, T.H., P.A. Cameron, D. Smit, K.L. Ong, A.N. Hung, D.C. Nin, A.T. Ahuja, L.C. Si and J.J. Sung. Evaluation of WHO criteria for identifying patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome out of hospital: prospective observational study. Br. Med. J. 326: 1354-1358, 2003.
19. Shaffer, J.P. Multiple hypothesis testing. Ann. Rev. Psychol. 46: 561-584, 1995.
20. So, L.K., A.C. Lau, L.Y. Yam, T.M. Cheung, E. Poon, R.W. Yung and K.Y. Yuen. Development of a standard treatment protocol for severe acute respiratory syndrome. Lancet 361: 1615-1617, 2003.
21. Taguchi, K., Y. Hagiwara, K. Kajiyama and Y. Suzuki. Pharmacological studies of Houttuyniae herba: The anti-inflammatory effect of quercitrin. Yakugaku Zasshi 113: 327-333, 1993.
22. Welch, B.L. On the comparison of several mean values: An alternative approach. Biometrika 38: 330-336, 1950.
23. Whitby, N. and M. Whitby. SARS: A new infectious disease for a new century. Aust. Fam. Physician 32: 779-783, 2003.
24. Woo, P.C., S.K. Lau, H.W. Tsoi, K.H. Chan, B.H. Wong, X.Y. Che, V.K. Tam, S.C. Tam, V.C. Cheng, I.F. Hung, S.S. Wong, B.J. Zheng, Y. Guan and K.Y. Yuen. Relative rates of non-pneumonic SARS coronavirus infection and SARS coronavirus pneumonia. Lancet 363: 841-845, 2004.
25. World Health Organization. Additional patients in China under investigation for SARS; WHO team travels to Beijing - update 2, http://www.who.int/csr/don/2004_04_26/en/. Accessed: April 26, 2004.
26. World Health Organization. WHO issues a global alert about cases of atypical pneumonia. http://www.who.int/csr/sarsarchive/2003_03_12/en/. Accessed: March 12, 2003.
27. Zhang, J.Z. Severe acute respiratory syndrome and its lesions in digestive system. World J. Gastroenterol. 9: 1135-1138, 2003.
28. Zhao, C.H., Y.B. Guo, H. Wu, X.H. Li, X.H. Guo, R.H. Jin, H.G. Dian, Q.H. Meng, Z.W. Lang, W. Wang, H.P. Yan, C. Huang and D.G. Liu. Clinical manifestation, treatment, and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome: Analysis of 108 cases in Beijing. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 83: 897-901, 2003.
29. Zhong, N.S., B.J. Zheng, Y.M. Li, Poon, Z.H. Xie, K.H. Chan, P.H. Li, S.Y. Tan, Q. Chang, J.P. Xie, X.Q. Liu, J. Xu, D.X. Li, K.Y. Yuen, Peiris and Y. Guan. Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China, in February, 2003. Lancet 362: 1353-1358, 2003.