메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 117, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 543-578

The consequences of talking to strangers: Evolutionary corollaries of socio-cultural influences on linguistic form

Author keywords

Complexity; Esoteric; Formulaic language; Language evolution; Language processing; Literacy

Indexed keywords


EID: 33845198719     PISSN: 00243841     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.lingua.2005.05.005     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (211)

References (83)
  • 2
    • 17844374566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From monkey-like action recognition to human language: an evolutionary framework for neurolinguistics
    • Arbib M.A. From monkey-like action recognition to human language: an evolutionary framework for neurolinguistics. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 28 (2005) 105-167
    • (2005) Behavioral and Brain Sciences , vol.28 , pp. 105-167
    • Arbib, M.A.1
  • 4
    • 0345042664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Becker, J., 1975. The phrasal lexicon. Bolt Beranek & Newman Report no. 3081, AI Report no. 28. Reprinted In: Shank, R., Nash-Webber, B.L. (Eds.), Theoretical Issues in Natural Language Processing. Bolt Beranek & Newman, Cambridge, MA, pp. 60-63.
  • 5
    • 0035496317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nativization processes in L1 Esperanto
    • Bergen B.K. Nativization processes in L1 Esperanto. Journal of Child Language 28 (2001) 575-595
    • (2001) Journal of Child Language , vol.28 , pp. 575-595
    • Bergen, B.K.1
  • 7
    • 84980119905 scopus 로고
    • Aspects of language learning in the genesis of social process
    • Bernstein B. Aspects of language learning in the genesis of social process. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 1 (1961) 313-324
    • (1961) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , vol.1 , pp. 313-324
    • Bernstein, B.1
  • 8
    • 0001941144 scopus 로고
    • Elaborated and restricted codes: their social origins and some consequences
    • Bernstein B. Elaborated and restricted codes: their social origins and some consequences. American Anthropologist 66 (1964) 55-69
    • (1964) American Anthropologist , vol.66 , pp. 55-69
    • Bernstein, B.1
  • 11
    • 0001833603 scopus 로고
    • Linguistic differences produced by differences between speaking and writing
    • Olson D.R., Torrance N., and Hildyard A. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Chafe W. Linguistic differences produced by differences between speaking and writing. In: Olson D.R., Torrance N., and Hildyard A. (Eds). Literacy, Language and Learning (1985), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 105-123
    • (1985) Literacy, Language and Learning , pp. 105-123
    • Chafe, W.1
  • 12
    • 33845199773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chipere, N., 2000. Processing embedding in humans and connectionist models. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of Cambridge.
  • 13
  • 14
    • 33845196044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Word: a typological framework
    • Dixon R.M.W., and Aikhenvald A.Y. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Dixon R.M.W., and Aikhenvald A.Y. Word: a typological framework. In: Dixon R.M.W., and Aikhenvald A.Y. (Eds). Word: A Crosslinguistic Typology (2002), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1-41
    • (2002) Word: A Crosslinguistic Typology , pp. 1-41
    • Dixon, R.M.W.1    Aikhenvald, A.Y.2
  • 15
    • 33845201835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duranti, A., Ochs, E., 1979. Left-dislocation in Italian conversation. In: Givón, T. (Ed.), pp. 377-414.
  • 16
    • 4043180079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Typologies of agreement: some problems from Kayardild
    • Evans N. Typologies of agreement: some problems from Kayardild. Transactions of the Philological Society 101 (2003) 203-234
    • (2003) Transactions of the Philological Society , vol.101 , pp. 203-234
    • Evans, N.1
  • 17
    • 33646271010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural constraints on grammar and cognition in Pirahã
    • Everett D. Cultural constraints on grammar and cognition in Pirahã. Current Anthropology 46 4 (2005). http://lings.ln.man.ac.uk/Info/staff/DE/culturalgrammar.pdf
    • (2005) Current Anthropology , vol.46 , Issue.4
    • Everett, D.1
  • 18
    • 24944501456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • English pauper letters 1800-34, and the English language
    • Barton D., and Hall N. (Eds), John Benjamins, Amsterdam
    • Fairman T. English pauper letters 1800-34, and the English language. In: Barton D., and Hall N. (Eds). Letter Writing as a Social Practice (2000), John Benjamins, Amsterdam 63-82
    • (2000) Letter Writing as a Social Practice , pp. 63-82
    • Fairman, T.1
  • 20
    • 33845216525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Letters of the English labouring classes and the English language, 1800-34
    • Dossena M., and Jones C. (Eds), Peter Lang, Bern
    • Fairman T. Letters of the English labouring classes and the English language, 1800-34. In: Dossena M., and Jones C. (Eds). Insights into Late Modern English (2003), Peter Lang, Bern 265-282
    • (2003) Insights into Late Modern English , pp. 265-282
    • Fairman, T.1
  • 26
    • 33845221366 scopus 로고
    • Recognition strategy and analysis strategy in language use
    • Grace G.W. Recognition strategy and analysis strategy in language use. Ethnolinguistic Notes 3 (1989) 37. http://www2.hawaii.edu/∼grace/eln37.html
    • (1989) Ethnolinguistic Notes , vol.3 , pp. 37
    • Grace, G.W.1
  • 27
    • 33845214409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grace, G.W., 1997. On the changing context of Austronesian historical linguistics. In: Odé, C., Stokhof, W. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics. Editions Rodopi B.V., Amsterdam & Atlanta, pp. 15-32.
  • 29
    • 24944474969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collateral damage from linguistics? 1: The post-Chomskyan paradigm and its underlying assumptions
    • Grace G.W. Collateral damage from linguistics? 1: The post-Chomskyan paradigm and its underlying assumptions. Ethnolinguistic Notes 4 (2002) 21. http://www2.hawaii.edu/∼grace/elniv21.html
    • (2002) Ethnolinguistic Notes , vol.4 , pp. 21
    • Grace, G.W.1
  • 30
    • 24944474969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collateral damage from linguistics? 2: The cultural evolution of language
    • Grace G.W. Collateral damage from linguistics? 2: The cultural evolution of language. Ethnolinguistic Notes 4 (2002) 22. http://www2.hawaii.edu/∼grace/elniv22.html
    • (2002) Ethnolinguistic Notes , vol.4 , pp. 22
    • Grace, G.W.1
  • 31
    • 24944474969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collateral damage from linguistics? 3: The role of culture-centrism
    • Grace G.W. Collateral damage from linguistics? 3: The role of culture-centrism. Ethnolinguistic Notes 4 (2002) 23. http://www2.hawaii.edu/∼grace/elniv23.html
    • (2002) Ethnolinguistic Notes , vol.4 , pp. 23
    • Grace, G.W.1
  • 32
    • 33845206435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collateral damage from linguistics? 4: Do we really know what kind of language the language acquisition device prepares us to acquire?
    • Grace G.W. Collateral damage from linguistics? 4: Do we really know what kind of language the language acquisition device prepares us to acquire?. Ethnolinguistic Notes 4 (2003) 21. http://www2.hawaii.edu/∼grace/elniv24.html
    • (2003) Ethnolinguistic Notes , vol.4 , pp. 21
    • Grace, G.W.1
  • 33
    • 33845197590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grace, G.W., 2004a. A role for phonaesthesia in the emergence of analytic processing? Reflections on the evolution of human language, number 2. http://www2.hawaii.edu/∼grace/phonaesthesia.html.
  • 34
    • 33845208960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grace, G.W., 2004b. A role for blends in the emergence of analytic processing? Reflections on the evolution of human language, number 3. http://www2.hawaii.edu/∼grace/blending.html.
  • 35
    • 84907578123 scopus 로고
    • First stages of sentence formation in children's speech
    • Ferguson C.A., and Slobin D.I. (Eds), Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York
    • Guillaume P. First stages of sentence formation in children's speech. In: Ferguson C.A., and Slobin D.I. (Eds). Studies in Child Language Development (1927), Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York 522-541
    • (1927) Studies in Child Language Development , pp. 522-541
    • Guillaume, P.1
  • 36
    • 49049097604 scopus 로고
    • The Peter de Ridder Press, Lisse (PdR Press Publications in Relations between Language and Culture, 2.)
    • Hale K. Gaps in Grammar and Culture (1975), The Peter de Ridder Press, Lisse (PdR Press Publications in Relations between Language and Culture, 2.)
    • (1975) Gaps in Grammar and Culture
    • Hale, K.1
  • 37
    • 0037159541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The faculty of language: what is it, who has it, and how did it evolve?
    • Hauser M.D., Chomsky N., and Fitch W.T. The faculty of language: what is it, who has it, and how did it evolve?. Science 298 (2002) 1569-1579
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 1569-1579
    • Hauser, M.D.1    Chomsky, N.2    Fitch, W.T.3
  • 39
    • 33748687198 scopus 로고
    • Are there really no primitive languages?
    • Olson D.R., Torrance N., and Hildyard A. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Kalmár I. Are there really no primitive languages?. In: Olson D.R., Torrance N., and Hildyard A. (Eds). Literacy, Language and Learning (1985), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 148-166
    • (1985) Literacy, Language and Learning , pp. 148-166
    • Kalmár, I.1
  • 40
    • 0011883764 scopus 로고
    • Language evolution and speech style
    • Blount B.G., and Sanches M. (Eds), Academic Press, New York
    • Kay P. Language evolution and speech style. In: Blount B.G., and Sanches M. (Eds). Sociocultural Dimensions of Language Change (1977), Academic Press, New York 21-33
    • (1977) Sociocultural Dimensions of Language Change , pp. 21-33
    • Kay, P.1
  • 41
    • 33845199254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kirby, S., 2000. Syntax without natural selection: how compositionality emerges from vocabulary in a population of learners. In: Knight, C., et al. (Eds.), pp. 99-119.
  • 42
    • 0035304656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous evolution of linguistic structure: an iterated learning model of the emergence of regularity and irregularity
    • Kirby S. Spontaneous evolution of linguistic structure: an iterated learning model of the emergence of regularity and irregularity. IEEE Journal of Evolutionary Computation 5 2 (2001) 102-110
    • (2001) IEEE Journal of Evolutionary Computation , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 102-110
    • Kirby, S.1
  • 44
    • 33845197339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ
    • Kuiper K. Smooth Talkers (1996), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ
    • (1996) Smooth Talkers
    • Kuiper, K.1
  • 45
    • 33845195537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laniado, T.F., 2001. The derivational morphology of Totonac. http://hss.fullerton.edu/linguistics/cln/spring01_articles/laniado-toton .htm.
  • 46
    • 33845198230 scopus 로고
    • Multilingualism: linguistic boundaries and unsolved problems in Papua New Guinea
    • Wurm S.A. (Ed), Mouton, The Hague
    • Laycock D. Multilingualism: linguistic boundaries and unsolved problems in Papua New Guinea. In: Wurm S.A. (Ed). New Guinea and Neighboring Areas: A Sociolinguistic Laboratory (1979), Mouton, The Hague 81-99
    • (1979) New Guinea and Neighboring Areas: A Sociolinguistic Laboratory , pp. 81-99
    • Laycock, D.1
  • 47
    • 0002082723 scopus 로고
    • University of Linköping, Linköping (Studies in Communication 2)
    • Linell P. The Written Language Bias in Linguistics (1982), University of Linköping, Linköping (Studies in Communication 2)
    • (1982) The Written Language Bias in Linguistics
    • Linell, P.1
  • 48
    • 33845213905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matthews, P.H., 2002. What can we conclude? In: Dixon, R.M.W., Aikhenvald, A.Y. (Eds.), pp. 266-281.
  • 49
    • 0345274434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collocations and lexical functions
    • Cowie A. (Ed), Clarendon Press, Oxford
    • Mel'čuk I. Collocations and lexical functions. In: Cowie A. (Ed). Phraseology (1998), Clarendon Press, Oxford 23-53
    • (1998) Phraseology , pp. 23-53
    • Mel'čuk, I.1
  • 50
    • 33845197341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meyer, C., Tao, H., 2004. Gapped coordination constructions in English discourse and grammar. Paper presented at the Fifth North American Symposium on Corpus Linguistics, Montclair State University, New Jersey, May 21-23, 2004.
  • 51
    • 84974047694 scopus 로고
    • Linguistic change, social network and speaker innovation
    • Milroy J., and Milroy L. Linguistic change, social network and speaker innovation. Journal of Linguistics 21 (1985) 339-384
    • (1985) Journal of Linguistics , vol.21 , pp. 339-384
    • Milroy, J.1    Milroy, L.2
  • 53
    • 14744274343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uniformitarian assumptions and language evolution research
    • Wray A. (Ed), Oxford University Press, Oxford
    • Newmeyer F.J. Uniformitarian assumptions and language evolution research. In: Wray A. (Ed). The Transition to Language (2002), Oxford University Press, Oxford 359-375
    • (2002) The Transition to Language , pp. 359-375
    • Newmeyer, F.J.1
  • 54
    • 84883754505 scopus 로고
    • From utterance to text: the bias of language in speech and writing
    • Olson D.R. From utterance to text: the bias of language in speech and writing. Harvard Educational Review 47 3 (1977) 257-281
    • (1977) Harvard Educational Review , vol.47 , Issue.3 , pp. 257-281
    • Olson, D.R.1
  • 56
    • 33845193046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pawley, A., 1991. How to talk cricket: on linguistic competence in a subject matter. In: Blust, R. (Ed.), Currents in Pacific Linguistics: Papers on Austronesian Languages and Ethnolinguistics in Honour of George W. Grace. Pacific Linguistics C-117, Canberra, pp. 339-368.
  • 57
    • 85069883190 scopus 로고
    • Two puzzles for linguistic theory: nativelike selection and nativelike fluency
    • Richards J.C., and Schmidt R.W. (Eds), Longman, New York
    • Pawley A., and Syder F.H. Two puzzles for linguistic theory: nativelike selection and nativelike fluency. In: Richards J.C., and Schmidt R.W. (Eds). Language and Communication (1983), Longman, New York 191-226
    • (1983) Language and Communication , pp. 191-226
    • Pawley, A.1    Syder, F.H.2
  • 58
    • 0038975172 scopus 로고
    • Natural selection in syntax: notes on adaptive variation and change in vernacular and literary grammar
    • Pawley A., and Syder F.H. Natural selection in syntax: notes on adaptive variation and change in vernacular and literary grammar. Journal of Pragmatics 7 (1983) 551-579
    • (1983) Journal of Pragmatics , vol.7 , pp. 551-579
    • Pawley, A.1    Syder, F.H.2
  • 59
    • 0042907703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The one clause at a time hypothesis
    • Riggenbach H. (Ed), University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor
    • Pawley A., and Syder F.H. The one clause at a time hypothesis. In: Riggenbach H. (Ed). Perspectives on Fluency (2000), University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor 163-199
    • (2000) Perspectives on Fluency , pp. 163-199
    • Pawley, A.1    Syder, F.H.2
  • 61
    • 0001233522 scopus 로고
    • Language segmentation: operating principles for the perception and analysis of language
    • Slobin D.I. (Ed), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ Chapter 13
    • Peters A.M. Language segmentation: operating principles for the perception and analysis of language. In: Slobin D.I. (Ed). The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition, vol. 2: Theoretical Issues (1985), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ Chapter 13
    • (1985) The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition, vol. 2: Theoretical Issues
    • Peters, A.M.1
  • 62
    • 13444311847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The faculty of language: what's special about it?
    • Pinker S., and Jackendoff R. The faculty of language: what's special about it?. Cognition 95 (2005) 201-236
    • (2005) Cognition , vol.95 , pp. 201-236
    • Pinker, S.1    Jackendoff, R.2
  • 65
    • 23844556964 scopus 로고
    • Processes of change in the languages of north-western New Britain
    • The Australian National University, Canberra
    • Thurston W.R. Processes of change in the languages of north-western New Britain. Pacific Linguistics B99 (1987), The Australian National University, Canberra
    • (1987) Pacific Linguistics B99
    • Thurston, W.R.1
  • 66
    • 33845208704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thurston, W.R., 1989. How exoteric languages build a lexicon: esoterogeny in West New Britain. In: Harlow, R., Hooper, R. (Eds.), VICAL 1: Oceanic Languages. Papers from the Fifth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Auckland, New Zealand, January 1988. Linguistic Society of New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand, pp. 555-579.
  • 67
    • 23844471387 scopus 로고
    • Renovation and innovation in the languages of north-western New Britain
    • Dutton T., and Tryon D.T. (Eds), Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin/New York (Trends in Linguistics: Studies and Monographs 77)
    • Thurston W.R. Renovation and innovation in the languages of north-western New Britain. In: Dutton T., and Tryon D.T. (Eds). Language Contact and Change in the Austronesian World (1994), Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin/New York 573-609 (Trends in Linguistics: Studies and Monographs 77)
    • (1994) Language Contact and Change in the Austronesian World , pp. 573-609
    • Thurston, W.R.1
  • 68
    • 0033181376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of stored text in computer-aided conversation: a single-case experiment
    • Todman J., Rankin D., and File P. The use of stored text in computer-aided conversation: a single-case experiment. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 18 3 (1999) 320-342
    • (1999) Journal of Language and Social Psychology , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 320-342
    • Todman, J.1    Rankin, D.2    File, P.3
  • 69
    • 0032806391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enjoyment and perceived competence in computer-aided conversations with new and familiar partners
    • Todman J., Rankin D., and File P. Enjoyment and perceived competence in computer-aided conversations with new and familiar partners. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research 22 (1999) 153-154
    • (1999) International Journal of Rehabilitation Research , vol.22 , pp. 153-154
    • Todman, J.1    Rankin, D.2    File, P.3
  • 70
    • 85069324266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction: a cognitive-functional perspective on language structure
    • Tomasello M. (Ed), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ
    • Tomasello M. Introduction: a cognitive-functional perspective on language structure. In: Tomasello M. (Ed). The New Psychology of Language: Cognitive and Functional Approaches to Language Structure vol. 1 (1998), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ vii-xxiii
    • (1998) The New Psychology of Language: Cognitive and Functional Approaches to Language Structure , vol.1
    • Tomasello, M.1
  • 72
    • 33845191430 scopus 로고
    • Contact and isolation in linguistic change
    • Breivik L.E., and Jahr E.H. (Eds), Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin
    • Trudgill P. Contact and isolation in linguistic change. In: Breivik L.E., and Jahr E.H. (Eds). Language Change: Contributions to the Study of its Causes (1989), Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin 227-237
    • (1989) Language Change: Contributions to the Study of its Causes , pp. 227-237
    • Trudgill, P.1
  • 73
    • 29144536929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linguistic and social typology
    • Chambers J.K., Trudgill P., and Schilling-Estes N. (Eds), Blackwell, Oxford
    • Trudgill P. Linguistic and social typology. In: Chambers J.K., Trudgill P., and Schilling-Estes N. (Eds). Handbook of Language Variation and Change (2002), Blackwell, Oxford 707-728
    • (2002) Handbook of Language Variation and Change , pp. 707-728
    • Trudgill, P.1
  • 75
    • 3042593907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptual primes in human languages and their analogues in animal communication and cognition
    • Wierzbiecka A. Conceptual primes in human languages and their analogues in animal communication and cognition. Language Sciences 26 (2004) 413-441
    • (2004) Language Sciences , vol.26 , pp. 413-441
    • Wierzbiecka, A.1
  • 76
    • 0032363845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protolanguage as a holistic system for social interaction
    • Wray A. Protolanguage as a holistic system for social interaction. Language and Communication 18 (1998) 47-67
    • (1998) Language and Communication , vol.18 , pp. 47-67
    • Wray, A.1
  • 77
    • 33845187684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wray, A., 2000. Holistic utterances in protolanguage: the link from primates to humans. In: Knight, C., et al. (Eds.), pp. 285-302.
  • 79
    • 0345458998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual processing in protolanguage: performance without competence
    • Wray A. (Ed), Oxford University Press, Oxford
    • Wray A. Dual processing in protolanguage: performance without competence. In: Wray A. (Ed). The Transition to Language (2002), Oxford University Press, Oxford 113-137
    • (2002) The Transition to Language , pp. 113-137
    • Wray, A.1
  • 80
    • 85012014358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formulaic language in computer-supported communication: theory meets reality
    • Wray A. Formulaic language in computer-supported communication: theory meets reality. Language Awareness 11 2 (2002) 114-131
    • (2002) Language Awareness , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 114-131
    • Wray, A.1
  • 81
    • 85066420655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Here's one I prepared earlier': formulaic language learning on television
    • Schmitt N. (Ed), John Benjamins, Amsterdam
    • Wray A. 'Here's one I prepared earlier': formulaic language learning on television. In: Schmitt N. (Ed). The Acquisition and Use of Formulaic Sequences (2004), John Benjamins, Amsterdam 249-268
    • (2004) The Acquisition and Use of Formulaic Sequences , pp. 249-268
    • Wray, A.1
  • 82
    • 33845192502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The broadening scope of animal communication research
    • Tallerman M. (Ed), Oxford University Press, Oxford
    • Wray A. The broadening scope of animal communication research. In: Tallerman M. (Ed). Language Origins: Perspectives on Evolution (2005), Oxford University Press, Oxford 232-238
    • (2005) Language Origins: Perspectives on Evolution , pp. 232-238
    • Wray, A.1
  • 83
    • 84858849460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wray, A., 2005b. Needs only analysis' in linguistic ontogeny and phylogeny. In: Cangelosi, A., Nehaniv, C.L. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on the Emergence and Evolution of Linguistic Communication. Society for the Study of Artificial Intelligence and the Simulation of Behaviour (AISB), Hatfield, April 2005, pp. 151-160.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.