Hydrothermal alteration and mineralization in the Neves-Corvo volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposit, Portugal. II. Oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon isotopes

Economic Geology

Volumn 101, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 791-804

  Relvas, Jorge M R S ^a   Barriga, Fernando J A S ^a   Longstaffe, Fred J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LISBON   (Portugal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON; CHLORITE MINERALS; COMPOSITION; FRACTIONATION; HYDROGEN; ISOTOPES; MINERALOGY; OXYGEN; QUARTZ;

HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION; HYDROTHERMAL FLUIDS; MINERALIZATION; SULFIDE DEPOSIT;

SULFIDE MINERALS;

CARBON ISOTOPE; HYDROGEN ISOTOPE; HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION; HYDROTHERMAL FLUID; ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION; MAGMATIC DIFFERENTIATION; MASSIVE SULFIDE; MINERALIZATION; ORE BODY; ORE-FORMING FLUID; OXYGEN ISOTOPE; THERMAL EVOLUTION; VOLCANOGENIC DEPOSIT;

EURASIA; EUROPE; IBERIAN PENINSULA; IBERIAN PYRITE BELT; PORTUGAL; SOUTHERN EUROPE;

EID: 33751579136     PISSN: 03610128     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2113/gsecongeo.101.4.791     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Addy, S.K., and Ypma, P.J.M., 1977, Origin of massive sulfide deposits at Ducktown, Tennessee: An oxygen, carbon and hydrogen isotope study: Economic Geology, v. 72, p. 1245-1268.
2. Alderton, D.H.M., 1989, Oxygen isotope fractionation between cassiterite and water: Mineralogical Magazine, v. 53, p. 373-376.
3. Audétat, A., Günther, D., and Heinrich, C.A., 1998, Formation of a magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposit: Insights with LA-ICP-MS analysis of fluid inclusions: Science, v. 279, p. 2091-2094.
4. Barriga, F.J.A.S., 1990, Metallogenesis in the Iberian pyrite belt, in Dallmeyer, R.D., and Martinez García, E., eds., Pre-Mesozoic Geology of Iberia: Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, Springer-Verlag, p. 369-379.
5. 18O-evolved marine water, Aljustrel, Iberian pyrite belt: transition from high to low Rayleigh number convective regimes: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 48, p. 1021-1031.
6. Beaty, D.W., and Taylor, H.P, Jr., 1982, Some petrologic and oxygen isotope relationships in the Amulet mine, Noranda, Quebec, and their bearing on the origin of Archaen massive sulfide deposits: Economic Geology, v. 77, p. 95-108.
7. Berger, W.H., and Vincent, E, 1986, Deep-sea carbonates: reading the carbon-isotope signal: Geologische Rundschau, v. 75, p. 249-269.
8. Bigeleisen, J., Pearlman, M.L., and Prosser, H.C., 1952, Conversion of hydrogenic materials to hydrogen for stable isotope analysis: Analytical Chemistry, v. 24, p. 1356-1357.
9. Borshchevskii, Y.A., Borisova, S.L., Zakharova, O.Y., Lugov, S.F., Makeyev, A.M., Podolskii, A.M., and Politov, V.K., 1983, Oxygen-isotope systematics of the tin deposits of the Northeast USSR: International Geological Reviews, v. 25, p. 107-116.
10. Bottinga, Y, 1969, Calculated fractionation factors for carbon and hydrogen isotopic exchange in the system calcite-carbon dioxide-graphite, methane-hydrogen-water vapor: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 33, p. 49-64.
11. Clayton, R.N., and Mayeda, T.K., 1963, The use of bromine pentafluoride in the extraction of oxygen from oxides and silicates for isotopic analysis: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 27, p. 43-52.
12. Clayton, R.N., O'Neil, J.R., and Mayeda, T.K., 1972, Oxygen isotope exchange between quartz and water: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 77, p. 3057-3067.
13. Cole, D.R., 1985, A preliminary evaluation of oxygen isotopic exchange between chlorite and water [abs.]: Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, Abstracts with Programs, Boulter, Colorado, p. 50.
14. Cole, D.R., Mottl, M.L., and Ohmoto, H., 1987, Isotopic exchange in mineral-fluid systems. II. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic investigation of the experimental basalt-seawater system: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 51, p. 1523-1538.
15. Collins, P.L.F., 1981, The geology and genesis of the Cleveland tin deposit, Western Tasmania: Fluid inclusion and stable isotope studies: Economic Geology, v. 76, p. 365-392.
16. Coplen, T.B., and Hanshaw, B.D., 1973, Ultrafiltration by a compacted clay membrane-I. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic fractionation: Geochimica and Cosmocbimica Acta, v. 37, p. 2295-2310.
17. Craig, H., 1961, Isotopic variations in meteoric waters: Science, v. 133, p. 1702-1703.
18. Craig, H., 1969, Geochemistry and origin of the Red Sea brines, in Degens, E.T., and Ross, D.A., eds., Hot brines and recent heavy metal deposits in the Red Sea, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 208-242.
19. de Ronde, C.E.J., 1995, Fluid chemistry and isotopic characteristics of seafloor hydrothermal systems and associated VMS deposits: potential for magmatic contributions: in Thompson, J.F.H., ed., Magmas, fluids and ore deposits: Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course Series, v. 23, p. 479-510.
20. Deines, P, Langmuir, D., and Harmon, S., 1974, Stable carbon isotope ratios and the existence of a gas phase in the evolution of carbonate ground water: Geochimica and Cosmochimica Acta, v. 38, p. 1147-1164.
21. Dilles, J.H., Solomon, G.C., Taylor, H.P., Jr., and Einaudi, M.T., 1992, Oxygen and hydrogen isotope characteristics of hydrothermal alteration at the Ann-Mason porphyry copper deposits, Yerington, Nevada: Economic Geology, v. 87, p. 44-63.
22. Eslinger, E.V., and Savin, S.M., 1973, Oxygen isotope geothermometry of the burial metamorphic rocks of the Precambrian Belt Supergroup, Glacier National Park, Montana: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 84, p. 2549-2560.
23. Eslinger, E.V, Savin, S.M., and Yeh, H-W, 1979, Oxygen isotope geothermometry of diagenetically altered shales, in Scholle, P.A., and Schluger, P.H., eds., Aspects of Diagenesis: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication, 26, p. 113-124.
24. Faure, G., 1986, Principles of Isotope Geology, second edition: New York, Chischester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore, John Wiley and Sons, 589 p.
25. Fernandes, J.P, Marques, M., Pinheiro, H., Moura, A., Sousa, L., Noronha, F., Carvalho, P., Ferreira, A., and Pacheco, N., 1997, New data on organic petrology of the Neves-Corvo area and their relations with paleofluids results [abs.]: Society of Economic Geologists, Neves-Corvo Field Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, May 11-14, 1997, Abstracts, p. 110.
26. Friedman, I., and O'Neil, J.R., 1977, Data of geochemistry. Compilation of stable isotope fractionation factors of geochemical interest: U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 440-KK, p. 1-12.
27. Galley, A.G., 1993, Characteristics of semi-conformable alteration zones associated, with volcanogenic, massive sulphide districts: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 48, p. 175-200.
28. Gerlach, T.M., and Taylor, B.E., 1990, Carbon isotope constraints on degassing of carbon dioxide from Kilauea Volcano: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 54, p. 2051-2058.
29. Golyshev, S.I., and Padalko, N.L., 1979, A theoretical study of oxygen-isotope distribution in oxides: Geochemistry International., v. 16, p. 157-1160.
30. Graham, C.M., 1981, Experimental hydrogen isotope studies III: Diffusion of hydrogen in hydrous minerals, and stable isotope exchange in metamorphic rocks: Contribution to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 76, p. 216-228.
31. Hattori, K., and Sakai, H., 1979, D/H ratios, origins and evolution of the oreforming fluids for the Neogene veins and Kuroko deposits of Japan: Economic Geology, v. 74, p. 535-555.
32. Hedenquist, J,W, and Lowenstern, J.B., 1994, The role of magmas in the formation of hydrothermal ore deposits: Nature, v. 30, p. 519-527.
33. Heinrich, C.A., Günther, D., Audétat, A., Ulrich, T, and Frischknecht, R., 1999, Metal fractionation between magmatic brine and vapor, determined by microanalysis of fluid inclusions: Geology, v. 27, p. 755-758.
34. 18O values from volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits: Economic Geology, v. 88, p. 1526-1541.
35. Huston, D.L., 1999, Stable isotopes and their significance for understanding the genesis of volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits: a review: Reviews in Economic Geology, v. 8, p. 157-180.
36. Huston, D.L., and Taylor, B.E., 1999, Genetic significance of oxygen and hydrogen isotope variations at the Kidd Creek volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits, Ontario, Canada: Economic Geology Monograph, V. 10, p. 335-350.
37. Kowalik, J., Rye, R.O., and Sawkins, F.J., 1981, Stable-isotope study of the Buchans, Newfoundland, polymetallic sulphide deposits: in Swanson, E.A., Strong, D.F., and Thurlow, J.G., eds., The Buchans orebodies: Fifty years of geology and mining, Geological Association of Canada Special Paper, v. 22, p. 229-254.
38. Layne, C.D., Longstaffe, F.J., and Spooner, E.T.C., 1991, The JC Tin Skarn Deposit, Southern Yukon Territory: II. A Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and sulfur stable isotope study: Economic Geology, v. 86, p. 48-63.
39. Lerouge, C., Deschamps, Y., Joubert, M., Béchu, E., Fouillac, A.-M., and Castro, J.A., 2001, Regional oxygen isotope systematics of felsic volcanics; a potential exploration tool for volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits in the Iberian Pyrite Belt: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 72, p. 193-210.
40. Marcoux, E., 1998, Lead isotope systematics of the giant massive sulphide deposits in the Iberian Pyrite Belt: Mineralium Deposita, v. 33, p. 45-58.
41. Marumo, K., Nagasawa, K., and Kuroda, Y., 1980, Mineralogy and hydrogen isotope geochemistry of clay minerals in the Ohnuma geothermal area, northeastern Japan: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 47, p. 255-262.
42. Matsuhisa, Y., Goldsmith, H.J.R., and Clayton, R.N., 1979, Oxygen isotopic fractionation in the system quartz-albite-anorthite-water: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 43, p. 1131-1140.
43. Moreno, C., Sierra, S., and Sáez, R., 1996, Evidence for catastrophism at the Famennian-Dinantian boundary in the Iberian Pyrite Belt, in Strongen, P., Somerville, I.D., and Jones, G.L., eds., Recent Advances in Lower Carboniferous Geology: Geological Society of London Special Publication, v. 107, p. 153-162.
44. Moura, A., Noronha, F., Cathelineau, M., Boiron, M.C., and Ferreira, A., 1997, Evidence of metamorphic fluid migration within the Neves-Carvo ore deposit: the fluid inclusion data [abs.]: Society of Economic Geologists, Neves-Corvo Field Conference, Lisbon, Portugal, May 11-14, 1997, Abstracts, p. 92.
45. Mumin, A.H., Fleet, M.E., Longstaffe, F.J., 1996, Evolution of hydrothermal fluids in the Ashanti gold Belt, Ghana: stable isotope geochemistry of carbonates, graphite and quartz: Economic Geology, v. 91, p. 135-148.
46. Munhá, J., 1983, Low-grade regional metamorphism in the Iberian Pyrite Belt: Comunicações dos Serviços Geológicos de Portugal, v. 69, p. 3-35.
47. Munhá, J., and Kerrich, R., 1981, Sea water-basalt interaction in spilites from the Iberian Pyrite Belt: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 75, p. 15-19.
48. 16O, and D/H evidence from the Iberian pyrite belt, Crandon, Wisconsin, and Blue Hill, Maine: Economic Geology, v. 81, p. 530-552.
49. Munhá, J., Relvas, J.M.R.S., Barriga, F.J.A.S., Conceição, P., Jorge, R.C.G.S., Mathur, R., Ruiz, J., and Tassinari, C.C.G., 2005, Os isotopes systematics in the Iberian Pyrite Belt, in Mao, J., and Bierlein, F.P, eds., Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge, v. 1, Proceedings of the 8th Biennial SGA Meeting, Beijing, China, August 2005: Berlin, Germany, Springer-Verlag, p. 663-666.
50. Noronha, F., Cathelineau, M., Boiron, M.C., and Ferreira, A., 2000, Neves-Corvo, a metamorphosed VMS deposit: the textural and fluid inclusion evidence [abs.]: Université Henri Poincaré-Nancy 1, Metallogeny 2000, Symposium in honor of the retirement of Bernard Poty, Nancy, France, December 7-8, 2000, Abstracts, p. 121-122.
51. Ohmoto, H., 1986, Stable isotope geochemistry of ore deposits: Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 16, p. 491-559.
52. Oliveira, J.T., 1990, South Portuguese Zone, in Dallmeyer, R.D., and Martinez Garcia, eds., Pre-Mesozoic Geology of Iberia: Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, Springer-Verlag, p. 333-346.
53. Oliveira, J.T., Pereira, Z., Carvalho, P., Pacheco, N., and Korn, D., 2004, Stratigraphy of the tectonically imbricated lithological succession of the Neves-Corvo mine area, Iberian Pyrite Belt, Portugal: Mineralium Deposita, v. 39, p. 422-436.
54. O'Neil, J.R., and Taylor, H.P., Jr., 1967, The oxygen isotope and cation exchange chemistry of feldspars: American Mineralogist, v. 52, p. 1414-1437.
55. O'Neil, J.R., and Taylor, H.R, Jr., 1969, Oxygen isotope fractionation between muscovite and water: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 74, p. 6012-6022.
56. Patterson, D.J., Ohmoto, H., and Solomon, M., 1981, Geologic setting and genesis of the cassiterite-sulfide mineralization at Renison Bell, Western Tasmania: Economic Geology, v. 76, p. 393-438.
57. Peter, J.M., and Scott, S.D., 1993, Fluid inclusion and light stable isotope geochemistry of the Windy Craggy Besshi-type massive sulfide deposit, northwestern British Columbia: Resource Geology, Special Issue, v. 17, p. 229-248.
58. Pinto, A., Relvas, J.M.R.S., Barriga, F.J.A.S., Munhá, J., Pacheco, N., and Scott, S.D., 2005, Gold mineralization in recent and ancient volcanic-hosted massive sulphides: the PACMANUS field and the Neves-Corvo deposit, in Mao, J., and Bierlein, F.P., eds., Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge, v. 1, Proceedings of the 8th Biennial SGA Meeting, Beijing, China, August 2005: Berlin, Germany, Springer-Verlag, p. 683-686.
59. Relvas, J.M.R.S., 2000, Geology and metallogenesis at the Neves-Corvo deposit, Portugal: Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Portugal, University of Lisbon, 319 p.
60. Relvas, J.M.R.S., Tassinari, C.C.G., Munhá, J, Barriga, FJA.S., 2001, Multiple sources for ore-forming fluids in the Neves-Corvo VHMS deposit of the Iberian pyrite belt (Portugal): strontium, neodymium and lead isotope evidence: Mineralium Deposita, v. 36, p. 416-427.
61. Relvas, J.M.R.S., Barriga, F.J.A.S., Pinto, A., Ferreira, A., Pacheco, N., Noiva, P, Barriga, G., Baptista, R., Carvalho, D., Oliveira, V, Munhá, J., and Hutchinson, R.W., 2002, The Neves-Corvo deposit, Iberian pyrite belt, Portugal: impacts and future, 25 years after the discovery: Society of Economic Geologists Special Publication, v. 9, p. 155-176.
62. Relvas, J.M.R.S., Barriga, F.J.A.S., Ferreira, A., Noiva, P.C., Pacheco, N., Barriga, G, 2006, Hydrothermal alteration and mineralization in the Neves-Corvo volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposit, Portugal: I. Geology, mineralogy, and geochemistry: Economic Geology, V. 101, p. 753-790.
63. Rosa, C.P.J., McPhie, J., Relvas, J.M.R.S., Pacheco, N., Pereira, Z., 2005, Felsic pyroclastic and effusive volcanic facies hosting the Neves-Corvo massive sulfide deposit, Iberian Pyrite Belt, Portugal, in Mao, J., and Bierlein, F.P, eds., Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge, v. 1, Proceedings of the 8th Biennial SGA Meeting, Beijing, China, August 2005: Berlin, Germany, Springer-Verlag, p. 691-694.
64. Rosenbaum, J., and Sheppard, S.M.F., 1986, An isotopic study of siderites, dolomites and ankerite at high temperature: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 50, p. 1147-1150.
65. Sánchez-España, J., Velasco, F., Boyce, A.J., and Fallick, A.E., 2003, Source and evolution of ore-forming fluids in northern Iberian pyrite belt massive sulphide deposits (SW Spain): evidence from fluid inclusions and stable isotopes: Mineralium Deposita, v. 38, p. 519-537.
66. Savin, S.M., 1990, Recent advances in the oxygen and hydrogen isotope geochemistry of silicates and oxides in low temperature systems[abs.]: Geochemistry of the Earth's Surface and of Mineral Formation, 2nd International Symposium, July 2-8, 1990, Aix en Provence, France.
67. Savin, S.M., and Lee, M., 1988, Isotopic studies of phyllosilicates, in Hydrous Phyllosilicates (Exclusive of Micas), Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 19, p. 189-223.
68. Schermerhorn, L.J.G., 1971, An outline stratigraphy of the Iberian pyrite belt: Boletin Geólogico e Minero de España, v. 82, p. 304-308.
69. 16 ratios of total oxygen of carbonates: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 29, p. 1347-1354.
70. Sheppard, S.M.F., 1986, Characterization and isotopic variations in natural waters: Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 16, p. 165-183.
71. Solomon, M., Tornos, F, Gaspar, O.C., and Inverno, C., 2000, Constructing the massive pyritic ore deposits of the Iberian pyrite belt: An explanation involving brine pools, sulphur-deficient ore fluids, and tin granites [abs.] in Gemmel J.B., and Pongratz, J., eds., Volcanic environments and massive sulfide deposits, International Conference and Field Meeting, Centre for Ore Deposit Research, November 2000, Australia, Program and Abstracts volume, p. 201-203.
72. 2O from rhyolitic magma during eruption and shallow intrusion, and the isotopic composition of magmatic water in hydrothermal systems: Geological Survey of Japan Report 279, p. 190-194.
73. Tornos, F., González Clavijo, E., and Spiro, B.F., 1998, The Filon Norte ore-body (Tharsis, Iberian pyrite belt): a proximal low-temperature shale-hosted massive sulphide in a thin-skinned tectonic belt: Mineralium Deposita, v. 33, p. 150-169.
74. Tornos, F., and Spiro, B., 1999, The genesis of shale-hosted massive sulfides in the Iberian pyrite belt, in Stanley et al., eds., Mineral Deposits: Processes to Processing, Rotterdam, Balkema, p. 605-608.
75. Valley, J.W., 1986, Stable isotope geochemistry of metamorphic rocks: Reviews in Mineralogy, v. 16, p. 445-489.
76. Vennemann, T.W., and O'Neil, J.R., 1993, A simple and inexpensive method of hydrogen isotope and water analyses of minerals and rocks based on zinc reagent: Chemical Geology Isotope Geoscience Section, v. 103, p. 227-234.
77. 16O fractionation between co-existing serpentine and magnetite: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 32, p. 165-185.
78. Zaw, K., and Large, R.R., 1992, The precious metal-rich South Hercules mineralization, Western Tasmania: a possible subsea-floor replacement volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposit: Economic Geology, V. 87, p. 931-952.
79. Zhang, L.G., Liu, J.X., Chen, Z.S., and Zhou, H.B, 1994, Experimental investigations of oxygen isotope fractionation in cassiterite and wolframite: Economic Geology, v. 89, p. 150-157.
80. Zheng, Y.F., 1993, Calculation of oxygen isotope fractionation in anhydrous silicate minerals: Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, v. 57, p. 1079-1091.
81. Ziegler, K., and Longstaffe, F.J., 2000, Multiple episodes of clay alteration at the Precambrian/Paleozoic unconformity, Appalachian basin: isotopic evidence for long-distance and local fluid migrations: Clays and Clay Minerals, v. 58, p. 474-493.