Why Katrina's victims aren't refugees: Musings on a "dirty" word

American Anthropologist

Volumn 108, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 735-743

  Masquelier, Adeline ^a  

^a TULANE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Katrina refugees; New Orleans; Poverty; Semantics of identity

Indexed keywords

EID: 33751579117     PISSN: 00027294     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1525/aa.2006.108.4.735     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Arendt, Hannah 1973 The Origins of Totalitarianism. London: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
2. Barry, John M. 1997 Rising Tide: The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 and How It Changed America. New York: Simon and Schuster.
3. Bernstein, Nina 2005 Refugees from Political Storms Reach out to New Orleans. New York Times, September 18:31.
4. Briggs, Charles L. 2003a Stories in the Time of Cholera: Racial Profiling during a Medical Nightmare. Berkeley: University of California Press.
5. Briggs, Charles L. 2003b Why Nation-States and Journalists Can't Teach People to Be Healthy: Power and Pragmatic Miscalculation in Public Discourses on Health. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 17(3):287-321.
6. Champagne, Patrick 1993 La Vision Médiatique. In La Misère du Monde. Pierre Bourdieu, ed. Pp. 61-79. Paris: Éditions du Seuil.
7. Colten, Craig E. 2005 An Unnatural Metropolis: Wresting New Orleans from Nature. Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana University Press.
8. Colten, Craig E., ed. 2000 Transforming New Orleans and Its Environs: Centuries of Change. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
9. Cutter, Susan L. 2005 The Geography of Social Vulnerability: Race, Class, and Catastrophe. New York: Social Sciences Research Council forum on "Understanding Katrina: Perspectives from the Social Sciences." Electronic document, http://understandingkatrina.ssrc.org/Cutter, accessed May 10, 2006.
10. Dominguez, Virginia R. 2005 Seeing and Not Seeing: Complicity in Surprise. New York: Social Sciences Research Council forum on "Understanding Katrina: Perspectives from the Social Sciences." Electronic document, http://understandingkatrina.ssrc.org/Dominguez, accessed May 10, 2006.
11. Douglas, Mary 1966 Purity and Danger: An Analysis of the Concepts of Pollution and Taboo. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
12. Duke, Lynne, and Teresa Wiltz 2005 A Nation's Castaways: Katrina Blew In, and Tossed Up Reminders of a Tattered Racial Legacy. The Washington Post, September 4: D01.
13. Dwyer, Jim, and Christopher Drew 2005 Fear Exceeds Crime's Reality in New Orleans. New York Times, September 29.
14. Dyson, Michael Eric 2006 Come Hell or High Water: Hurricane Katrina and the Color of Disaster. New York: Basic Civitas.
15. El-Hinnawi, Essam 1985 Environmental Refugees. Nairobi: United Nations Environmental Programme.
16. Farmer, Paul 1992 AIDS and Accusation: Haiti and the Geography of Blame. Berkeley: University of California Press.
17. Fassin, Didier, and Paula Vasquez 2005 Humanitarian Exception as the Rule: The Political Theology of the 1999 Tragedia in Venezuela. American Ethnologist 32(3):389-405.
18. Fothergill, Alice 2004 Heads Above Water: Gender, Class, and Family in the Grand Forks Flood. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
19. Freeman, Jan 2005 Gimme Shelter. Boston Globe, September 11. Electronic document, http://www.boston.com/news/globe/ideas/articles/2005/09/11/ gimme_shelter?mode=PF, accessed May 10, 2006.
20. Hoffman, Susanna M., and Anthony Oliver-Smith 2002 Catastrophe and Culture: The Anthropology of Disaster. Santa Fe, NM: The School of American Research Press.
21. Kaufman, Sarah 2005 The Criminalization of New Orleanians in Katrina's Wake. New York: Social Sciences Research Council forum on "Understanding Katrina: Perspectives from the Social Sciences." Electronic document, http://understandingkatrina.ssrc.org/Kaufman, accessed May 10, 2006.
22. Kleinman, Arthur, and Joan Kleinman 1997 Cultural Appropriations of Suffering in Our Times. In Social Suffering. Arthur Kleinman, Veena Das, and Margaret Lock, eds. Pp. 1-23. Berkeley: University of California Press.
23. Lewis, Pierce F. 2003 New Orleans: The Making of an Urban Landscape. 2nd ed. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia.
24. Malkki, Liisa 1995 Purity and Exile: Violence, Memory, and National Cosmology among Hutu Refugees in Tanzania. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
25. Myers, Norman 1997 Environmental Refugees. Population and Environment 19(2):167-182.
26. Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees. Geneva: OHCHR, 1951. Electronic document, http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/o_c_ref.htm, accessed September 6, 2006.
27. Oliver-Smith, Anthony 1996 Anthropological Research on Hazards and Disasters. Annual Review of Anthropology 25:303-328.
28. Oliver-Smith, Anthony 2005 Disaster and Forced Migration in the 21st Century. New York: Social Sciences Research Council forum on "Understanding Katrina: Perspectives from the Social Sciences." Electronic document, http://understandingkatrina.ssrc.org/Oliver-Smith, accessed May 10, 2006.
29. Oliver-Smith, Anthony, and Susanna M. Hoffman 2002 Introduction: Why Anthropologists Should Study Disasters. In Catastrophe and Culture: The Anthropology of Disaster. Susanna M. Hoffman and Anthony Oliver-Smith, eds. Pp. 3-22. Santa Fe, NM: The School of American Research Press.
30. Pesca, Mike 2005 Are Katrina's Victims "Refugees" or "Evacuees"? NPR report, September 5. Electronic document, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4833613, accessed May 10, 2006.
31. Pierre, Robert E., and Paul Farhi 2005 Refugee? A Word of Trouble. The Washington Post, September 7: CO1.
32. Prince, Richard 2005 Pulling Back on "Refugee." Richard Prince's Journal-Isms, September 5. Electronic document, http://www.maynardije.org/columns/dickprince/050905_prince, accessed May 10, 2006.
33. Rosenblatt, Susannah, and James Rainey 2005 Katrina Takes a Toll on Truth, News Accuracy. Los Angeles Times, September 27. Electronic document, http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/asection/ la-na-rumors27sep27,1,7923337.story, accessed May 10, 2006.
34. Sandalow, Marc 2005 Katrina Thrusts Race and Poverty onto National Stage. Sitnews, Stories in the News, September 23. Electronic document, http://www.sitnews.us/0905news/092305/092305_shns_poverty.html, accessed May 10, 2006.
35. Taylor, Charles 1994 The Politics of Recognition. In Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition. Amy Gutmann, ed. Pp. 25-73. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
36. Thevenot, Brian, and Gordon Russell 2005 Rape. Murder. Gunfights. Times-Picayune, September 26. Electronic document, http://www.nola.com/ hurricane/Katrina/pdf/092605/0926PAGEA01.pdf, accessed December 20.
37. Tierney, Kathleen 2006 Social Inequality, Hazards, and Disasters. In On Risk and Disaster: Lessons from Hurricane Katrina. Ronald J. Daniels, Donald F. Kettl, and Howard Kunreuther, eds. Pp. 109-128. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
38. Turner, Victor 1967 The Forest of Symbols: Aspects of Ndembu Rituals. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
39. Warner, Michael 2002 Publics and Counterpublics. Public Culture 14(1):49-90.
40. Zorn, Eric 2005 "Refugees" vs. "Evacuees" - the Distinctions and the Difference. The Chicago Tribune, September 5. Electronic document, http://blogs.chicagotribune.com/ news_columnists_ezorn/2005/09/refugees_vs_eva.html, accessed May 10, 2006.