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1
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0000224388
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Preliminary account of part of this work has appeared
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Preliminary account of part of this work has appeared: Pastor, S. D.; Togni, A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 2333–2334.
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85022442266
-
The common name, 2-oxazoline, found in this journal and elsewhere, is used throughout
-
The common name, 2-oxazoline, found in this journal and elsewhere, is used throughout. Compound 5a is indexed by Chemical Abstracts Service as 4,5-dihydro-5-phenyl-4-oxazolecarboxylic acid, methyl ester.
-
Compound 5a is indexed by Chemical Abstracts Service as 4,5-dihydro-5-phenyl-4-oxazolecarboxylic acid, methyl ester
-
-
-
16
-
-
0000486861
-
The original ee of 94% was revised in a subsequent paper by Ito et al. to 91%, which is in agreement with our results
-
The original ee of 94% was revised in a subsequent paper by Ito et al. to 91%, which is in agreement with our results; see: Ito, Y.; Sawamura, M.; Hayashi, T. Tetrahedron Lett. 1987, 28, 6215–6218.
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The reaction of 2a with the methyl ester of glyoxylic acid gave an 86:4 trans:cis product ratio with a low ee in both the trans-oxazoline (3% ee) and the cis-oxazoline (5% ee). Whether the low ee is the result of epimerization due to the presence of two carbomethoxy substituents in the product is presently unknown: 1H NMR (CDC13) (major trans-oxa-zoline) 8 3.80 (s, 6 H), 4.72 (dd, 1 H), 5.10 (d, 1 H), 6.80 (d, 1 H).
-
Whether the low ee is the result of epimerization due to the presence of two carbomethoxy substituents in the product is presently unknown: 1H NMR (CDC13) (major trans-oxa-zoline) 8 3.80 (s, 6 H), 4.72 (dd, 1 H), 5.10 (d, 1 H), 6.80 (d, 1 H)
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The possible existence of bonding between the gold(I) atom with orbitals of proper symmetry on the ferrocenyl iron atom is not implicitly considered. The existence of an Fe-Au bond would further reduce the conformational probability of the proposed stereoselective TS. See: Akabori, S.; Kumagal, T.; Shirahige, T.; Sato, S.; Kawazoe, K.; Tamura, C. Organometallics 1987, 6, 2105–2109.
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A referee has pointed out that the Hammett and NMR studies do not necessarily rule out coordination of the carbonyl oxygen atom to the gold(I) atom in the transition state of the rate-determining step, i.e., rate-determining car-bon-carbon bond formation occurs in a transition state containing a tetracoordinate gold(I) atom bonded to two phosphorus atoms, iso-cyanoacetate, and aldehydic oxygen
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A referee has pointed out that the Hammett and NMR studies do not necessarily rule out coordination of the carbonyl oxygen atom to the gold(I) atom in the transition state of the rate-determining step, i.e., rate-determining car-bon-carbon bond formation occurs in a transition state containing a tetracoordinate gold(I) atom bonded to two phosphorus atoms, iso-cyanoacetate, and aldehydic oxygen. The lack of change in the 31P NMR spectrum of the gold(I) complex of 4 upon addition of benzaldehyde suggests that prior coordination of the aldehydic oxygen does not occur.
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The lack of change in the 31P NMR spectrum of the gold(I) complex of 4 upon addition of benzaldehyde suggests that prior coordination of the aldehydic oxygen does not occur
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For the development of mathematical models for the inherent steric congestion at a reaction center
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For the development of mathematical models for the inherent steric congestion at a reaction center, see: Wipke, W. T.; Gund, P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 299–301.
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For recent examples, see: Maruoka, K.; Itoh, T.; Shirasaka, T.; Yamamoto, H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 310–312.
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The E-Z convention used herein is the normal convention with the modification that is used in the excellent review by Evans, in that the negatively charged oxygen atom of the enolate has the highest priority regardless of the counterion. This nomenclature avoids ambiguity arising as to whether the counterion, e.g., in the present case, is a proton or the nitrogen atom of the ammonium ion
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The E-Z convention used herein is the normal convention with the modification that is used in the excellent review by Evans, in that the negatively charged oxygen atom of the enolate has the highest priority regardless of the counterion. This nomenclature avoids ambiguity arising as to whether the counterion, e.g., in the present case, is a proton or the nitrogen atom of the ammonium ion. See: Evans, D. A. In Asymmetric Synthesis, Vol. 3; Morrison, J. D., Ed.; Academic: New York, 1983; pp 111–212.
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In principle, proton exchange of the product oxazoline with the chiral amine ligand could lead to a kinetic amplification of product ee
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However, the reaction of lb with 2b at 50 °C monitored every 10 min over a period of 2 h showed no significant change in ee
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In principle, proton exchange of the product oxazoline with the chiral amine ligand could lead to a kinetic amplification of product ee; see: Bergens, S.; Bosnich, B. Comments Inorg. Chem. 1987, 6, 85–90. However, the reaction of lb with 2b at 50 °C monitored every 10 min over a period of 2 h showed no significant change in ee.
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