메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 107, Issue 19, 2002, Pages

Simulation of aerosol distributions and radiative forcing for INDOEX: Regional climate impacts

Author keywords

0305 Atmospheric composition and structure: Aerosols and particles (0345, 4801); 0345 Atmospheric composition and structure: Pollution urban and regional (0305)

Indexed keywords

AEROSOLS; CLIMATOLOGY; CLOUDS; COMPUTATION THEORY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DUST; SATELLITES;

EID: 33751306192     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2000JD000032     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (87)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 0020449163 scopus 로고
    • The Saudi Arabian Heat Low: Aerosol distributions and thermodynamic structure
    • Ackerman, S. A., and S. K. Cox, The Saudi Arabian Heat Low: Aerosol distributions and thermodynamic structure, J. Geophys. Res., 87, 8991-9002, 1982.
    • (1982) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.87 , pp. 8991-9002
    • Ackerman, S.A.1    Cox, S.K.2
  • 2
    • 0001242017 scopus 로고
    • Radiative energy budget estimates for the 1979 southwest summer monsoon
    • Ackerman, S. A., and S. K. Cox, Radiative energy budget estimates for the 1979 southwest summer monsoon, J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 3052-3078, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.44 , pp. 3052-3078
    • Ackerman, S.A.1    Cox, S.K.2
  • 5
    • 0033788295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulfur chemistry in the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model: Description, evaluation, features and sensitivity to aqueous chemistry
    • Earth, M. C., P. J. Rasch, J. T. Kiehl, C. M. Benkovitz, and S. E. Schwartz, Sulfur chemistry in the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model: Description, evaluation, features and sensitivity to aqueous chemistry, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 1387-1415, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , pp. 1387-1415
    • Earth, M.C.1    Rasch, P.J.2    Kiehl, J.T.3    Benkovitz, C.M.4    Schwartz, S.E.5
  • 6
    • 0031445884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface solar irradiance from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project 1983-1991
    • Bishop, J. K. B., W. B. Rossow, and E. G. Dutton, Surface solar irradiance from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project 1983-1991, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 6883-6910, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102 , pp. 6883-6910
    • Bishop, J.K.B.1    Rossow, W.B.2    Dutton, E.G.3
  • 7
    • 84985479557 scopus 로고
    • Production, concentration, and vertical distribution of the sea salt aerosol
    • Blanchard, D. C., and A. H. Woodcock, Production, concentration, and vertical distribution of the sea salt aerosol, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 338, 330-347, 1980.
    • (1980) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.338 , pp. 330-347
    • Blanchard, D.C.1    Woodcock, A.H.2
  • 9
    • 84905349643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscapes as patches of plant functional types: An integrating approach for climate and ecosystem models
    • Bonan G. B., S. Levis, L. Kergoat, and K. W Oleson, Landscapes as patches of plant functional types: An integrating approach for climate and ecosystem models, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 16, 247-269, 2001.
    • (2001) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.16 , pp. 247-269
    • Bonan, G.B.1    Levis, S.2    Kergoat, L.3    Oleson, K.W.4
  • 10
    • 0034209861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indian Ocean low clouds during the winter monsoon
    • Bony, S., W. D. Collins, and D. W. Fillmore, Indian Ocean low clouds during the winter monsoon, J. Climate, 13, 2028-2043, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 2028-2043
    • Bony, S.1    Collins, W.D.2    Fillmore, D.W.3
  • 11
    • 2442571484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General circulation model simulations of the Indian summer monsoon with increasing levels of sulphate aerosols
    • Boucher, O., M. Pham, and R. Sadoumy, General circulation model simulations of the Indian summer monsoon with increasing levels of sulphate aerosols, Ann. Geophys., 16, 346-352, 1998.
    • (1998) Ann. Geophys. , vol.16 , pp. 346-352
    • Boucher, O.1    Pham, M.2    Sadoumy, R.3
  • 12
    • 0026439814 scopus 로고
    • Delta-Eddington approximation for solar radiation in the NCAR Community Climate Model
    • Briegleb, B. P., Delta-Eddington approximation for solar radiation in the NCAR Community Climate Model, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7603-7612, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.97 , pp. 7603-7612
    • Briegleb, B.P.1
  • 13
    • 0022838426 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of regional clear-sky albedos inferred from satellite observations and model computations
    • Briegleb, B. P., P. Minnis, V. Ramanathan, and E. Harrison, Comparison of regional clear-sky albedos inferred from satellite observations and model computations, J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol., 25, 214-226, 1986.
    • (1986) J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.25 , pp. 214-226
    • Briegleb, B.P.1    Minnis, P.2    Ramanathan, V.3    Harrison, E.4
  • 14
    • 0022266212 scopus 로고
    • Nuclear war: Illustrative effects of atmospheric smoke and dust upon solar radiation
    • Cess, R. D., Nuclear war: Illustrative effects of atmospheric smoke and dust upon solar radiation, Clim. Change, 7, 237-251, 1985.
    • (1985) Clim. Change , vol.7 , pp. 237-251
    • Cess, R.D.1
  • 16
    • 0035686174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric particle size and composition measurements to support light extinction calculations over the Indian Ocean
    • Chowdhury, Z., L. S. Hughes, L. G. Salmon, and G. R. Cass, Atmospheric particle size and composition measurements to support light extinction calculations over the Indian Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 28,597-28,605, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106
    • Chowdhury, Z.1    Hughes, L.S.2    Salmon, L.G.3    Cass, G.R.4
  • 18
    • 0012549890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol optical depths and direct radiative forcing for INDOEX derived from AVHRR: Theory
    • 10.1029/2000JD000182, in press
    • Coakley J. A., Jr., W. R. Tahnk, A. Jayaraman, P. K. Quinn, C. Devaux, and D. Tanre, Aerosol optical depths and direct radiative forcing for INDOEX derived from AVHRR: Theory, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 10.1029/2000JD000182, in press, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107
    • Coakley Jr., J.A.1    Tahnk, W.R.2    Jayaraman, A.3    Quinn, P.K.4    Devaux, C.5    Tanre, D.6
  • 19
    • 0035515167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parameterization of generalized cloud overlap for radiative calculations in general circulation models
    • Collins, W. D., Parameterization of generalized cloud overlap for radiative calculations in general circulation models, J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3224-3242, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 3224-3242
    • Collins, W.D.1
  • 20
    • 0034958023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating aerosols using a chemical transport model with assimilation of satellite aerosol retrievals: Methodology for INDOEX
    • Collins, W. D., P. J. Rasch, B. E. Eaton, B. Khattatov, J. F. Lamarque, and C. S. Zender, Simulating aerosols using a chemical transport model with assimilation of satellite aerosol retrievals: Methodology for INDOEX, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 7313-7336, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106 , pp. 7313-7336
    • Collins, W.D.1    Rasch, P.J.2    Eaton, B.E.3    Khattatov, B.4    Lamarque, J.F.5    Zender, C.S.6
  • 21
    • 0033787762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An observational approach for determining aerosol surface radiative forcing: Results from the first field phase of INDOEX
    • Conant, W. C., An observational approach for determining aerosol surface radiative forcing: Results from the first field phase of INDOEX, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 15,347-15,360, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105
    • Conant, W.C.1
  • 22
    • 0033610132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Construction of a 1 degrees x 1 degrees fossil fuel emission data set for carbonaceous aerosol and implementation and radiative impact in the ECHAM4 model
    • Cooke, W. F., C. Liousse, H. Cachier, and J. Feichter, Construction of a 1 degrees x 1 degrees fossil fuel emission data set for carbonaceous aerosol and implementation and radiative impact in the ECHAM4 model, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 22,137-22,162, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104
    • Cooke, W.F.1    Liousse, C.2    Cachier, H.3    Feichter, J.4
  • 23
    • 0021639710 scopus 로고
    • Observations and calculations of aerosol heating over the Arabian Sea during MONEX
    • Ellingson, R. G., and G. N. Serafino, Observations and calculations of aerosol heating over the Arabian Sea during MONEX, J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 575-589, 1984.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 575-589
    • Ellingson, R.G.1    Serafino, G.N.2
  • 24
    • 0027866707 scopus 로고
    • Dynamical and radiative response to the massive injection of aerosol from Kuwait oil burning fires
    • Ferretti, R., and G. Visconti, Dynamical and radiative response to the massive injection of aerosol from Kuwait oil burning fires, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 2889-2892, 1993.
    • (1993) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.20 , pp. 2889-2892
    • Ferretti, R.1    Visconti, G.2
  • 25
    • 0000853920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of the simulated climate to a diagnostic formulation for cloud liquid water
    • Hack, J. J., Sensitivity of the simulated climate to a diagnostic formulation for cloud liquid water, J. Climate, 11, 1497-1515, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Climate , vol.11 , pp. 1497-1515
    • Hack, J.J.1
  • 27
    • 0032571194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global sensitivity studies of the direct radiative forcing due to anthropogenic sulfate and black carbon aerosols
    • Haywood, J. M., and V. Ramaswamy, Global sensitivity studies of the direct radiative forcing due to anthropogenic sulfate and black carbon aerosols, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 6043-6058, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , pp. 6043-6058
    • Haywood, J.M.1    Ramaswamy, V.2
  • 28
    • 0033605243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropospheric aerosol climate forcing in clear-sky satellite observations over the oceans
    • Haywood, J. M., V. Ramaswamy, and B. J. Soden, Tropospheric aerosol climate forcing in clear-sky satellite observations over the oceans, Science, 283, 1299-1303, 1999.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 1299-1303
    • Haywood, J.M.1    Ramaswamy, V.2    Soden, B.J.3
  • 30
    • 0031712829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optical properties of aerosols and clouds: The software package OPAC
    • Hess, M., P. Koepke, and I. Schult, Optical properties of aerosols and clouds: the software package OPAC, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 79, 831-844, 1998.
    • (1998) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.79 , pp. 831-844
    • Hess, M.1    Koepke, P.2    Schult, I.3
  • 31
    • 0033749757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncertainties in data on organic aerosols
    • Huebert, B. J., and R. J. Charlson, Uncertainties in data on organic aerosols, Tellus, 52, 1249-1255, 2000.
    • (2000) Tellus , vol.52 , pp. 1249-1255
    • Huebert, B.J.1    Charlson, R.J.2
  • 32
    • 0003489339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by J. T. Houghton, L. G. Meira Filho, B. A. Callandcr, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change, 1995: The Science of Climate Change, edited by J. T. Houghton, L. G. Meira Filho, B. A. Callandcr, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell, 572 pp., Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1996.
    • (1996) Climate Change, 1995: The Science of Climate Change
  • 33
    • 0000205605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results on direct radiative forcing of aerosols obtained over the Indian Ocean
    • Jayaraman, A., Results on direct radiative forcing of aerosols obtained over the Indian Ocean, Curr. Sci., 76, 924-930, 1999.
    • (1999) Curr. Sci. , vol.76 , pp. 924-930
    • Jayaraman, A.1
  • 34
    • 0032572250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct observations of aerosol radiative forcing over the tropical Indian Ocean during the Jan.-Feb. 1996 Pre-INDOEX cruise
    • Jayaraman, A., D. Lubin, S. Ramachandran, V. Ramanathan, E. Woodbridge, W. D. Collins, and K. S. Zalpuri, Direct observations of aerosol radiative forcing over the tropical Indian Ocean during the Jan.-Feb. 1996 Pre-INDOEX cruise, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13,827-13,836, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103
    • Jayaraman, A.1    Lubin, D.2    Ramachandran, S.3    Ramanathan, V.4    Woodbridge, E.5    Collins, W.D.6    Zalpuri, K.S.7
  • 35
    • 0029768948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project
    • Kalnay E., et al., The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 77, 437-471, 1996.
    • (1996) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.77 , pp. 437-471
    • Kalnay, E.1
  • 36
    • 0028594684 scopus 로고
    • On testing the significance of atmospheric response to smoke from the Kuwaiti oil fires using the Los-Alamos general circulation model
    • Kao, C. Y. J., G. A. Glatzmaie, and R. C. Malone, On testing the significance of atmospheric response to smoke from the Kuwaiti oil fires using the Los-Alamos general circulation model, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 14,503-14,508, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99
    • Kao, C.Y.J.1    Glatzmaie, G.A.2    Malone, R.C.3
  • 37
    • 0027580056 scopus 로고
    • The relative roles of sulfate aerosols and greenhouse gases in climate forcing
    • Kiehl, J. T., and B. P. Briegleb, The relative roles of sulfate aerosols and greenhouse gases in climate forcing, Science, 260, 311-314, 1993.
    • (1993) Science , vol.260 , pp. 311-314
    • Kiehl, J.T.1    Briegleb, B.P.2
  • 38
    • 0033792612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiative forcing due to sulfate aerosols from simulations with the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model, Version 3
    • Kiehl, J. T., T. L. Schneider, P. J. Rasch, M. C. Barth, and J. Wong, Radiative forcing due to sulfate aerosols from simulations with the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model, Version 3, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 1441-1457, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , pp. 1441-1457
    • Kiehl, J.T.1    Schneider, T.L.2    Rasch, P.J.3    Barth, M.C.4    Wong, J.5
  • 39
    • 0032442749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol and pollutant transport over the tropical Indian Ocean during the 1996 northeast monsoon and the impact on radiative forcing
    • Krishnamurti, T. N., B. Jha, J. M. Prospera, A. Jayaraman, and V. Ramanathan, Aerosol and pollutant transport over the tropical Indian Ocean during the 1996 northeast monsoon and the impact on radiative forcing, Tellus. Ser. B, 50, 521-542, 1998.
    • (1998) Tellus. Ser. B , vol.50 , pp. 521-542
    • Krishnamurti, T.N.1    Jha, B.2    Prospera, J.M.3    Jayaraman, A.4    Ramanathan, V.5
  • 40
    • 0003358011 scopus 로고
    • Effect of transient increase in greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosols on monsoon climate
    • Lal, M., U. Cubasch, R. Voss, and J. Waszkewitz, Effect of transient increase in greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosols on monsoon climate, Curr. Sci., 69, 752-763, 1995.
    • (1995) Curr. Sci. , vol.69 , pp. 752-763
    • Lal, M.1    Cubasch, U.2    Voss, R.3    Waszkewitz, J.4
  • 41
    • 0010608127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications of increasing greenhouse gases and aerosols on the diurnal temperature cycle of the Indian subcontinent
    • Lal, M., G. Srinivasan, and U. Cubasch, Implications of increasing greenhouse gases and aerosols on the diurnal temperature cycle of the Indian subcontinent, Curr. Sci., 71, 746-752, 1996.
    • (1996) Curr. Sci. , vol.71 , pp. 746-752
    • Lal, M.1    Srinivasan, G.2    Cubasch, U.3
  • 42
    • 1642412799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assimilation of Measurement of Air Pollution from Space (MAPS) CO in a global three-dimensional model
    • Lamarque, J.-F., B. Khattatov, J. Gille, and G. Brasseur, Assimilation of Measurement of Air Pollution from Space (MAPS) CO in a global three-dimensional model, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 26,209-26,218, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104
    • Lamarque, J.-F.1    Khattatov, B.2    Gille, J.3    Brasseur, G.4
  • 43
    • 0032535254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assimilation of the MLS ozone measurements in the global three-dimensional chemistry-transport model ROSE
    • Levelt, P. F., B. V. Khattatov, J. C. Gille, G. P. Brasseur, X. X. Tie, and J. Waters, Assimilation of the MLS ozone measurements in the global three-dimensional chemistry-transport model ROSE, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 4493-4496, 1998.
    • (1998) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.25 , pp. 4493-4496
    • Levelt, P.F.1    Khattatov, B.V.2    Gille, J.C.3    Brasseur, G.P.4    Tie, X.X.5    Waters, J.6
  • 44
    • 3543016089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of clouds on direct aerosol radiative forcing of climate
    • Liao, H., and J. H. Seinfeld, Effects of clouds on direct aerosol radiative forcing of climate, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 3781-3788, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , pp. 3781-3788
    • Liao, H.1    Seinfeld, J.H.2
  • 46
    • 0001169157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remote sensing of carbonaceous aerosol production by African savanna biomass burning
    • Liousse, C., F. Dulac, H. Cachier, and D. Tanré, Remote sensing of carbonaceous aerosol production by African savanna biomass burning, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 5895-5911, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102 , pp. 5895-5911
    • Liousse, C.1    Dulac, F.2    Cachier, H.3    Tanré, D.4
  • 47
    • 84975888044 scopus 로고
    • Analysis methods for numerical weather prediction
    • Lorenc, A. C., Analysis methods for numerical weather prediction, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 112, 1177-1194, 1986.
    • (1986) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.112 , pp. 1177-1194
    • Lorenc, A.C.1
  • 48
    • 0141689241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longwave radiative forcing of Indian Ocean tropospheric aerosol
    • 10.1029/2000JD001183, in press
    • Lubin D., S. K. Satheesh, G. M. McFarquhar, and A. J. Heymsfield, Longwave radiative forcing of Indian Ocean tropospheric aerosol, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 10.1029/2000JD001183, in press, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107
    • Lubin, D.1    Satheesh, S.K.2    McFarquhar, G.M.3    Heymsfield, A.J.4
  • 49
    • 0033610365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of the spectral clear-sky aerosol forcing over the tropical Indian Ocean
    • Meywerk, J., and V. Ramanathan, Observations of the spectral clear-sky aerosol forcing over the tropical Indian Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 24,359-24,370, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104
    • Meywerk, J.1    Ramanathan, V.2
  • 50
    • 0023859477 scopus 로고
    • The Astronomical Almanac's algorithm for approximate solar position (1950-2050)
    • Michalsky, J. J., The Astronomical Almanac's algorithm for approximate solar position (1950-2050), Sol. Energy, 40, 227-235, 1988.
    • (1988) Sol. Energy , vol.40 , pp. 227-235
    • Michalsky, J.J.1
  • 51
    • 0031399485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite retrieval of aerosol properties over ocean using polarization as well as intensity of reflected sunlight
    • Mishchenko, M. I., and L. D. Travis, Satellite retrieval of aerosol properties over ocean using polarization as well as intensity of reflected sunlight, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16,989-17,013, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Mishchenko, M.I.1    Travis, L.D.2
  • 54
    • 0000275388 scopus 로고
    • Optical properties of the crustal aerosol: Relation to chemical and physical characteristics
    • Patterson, E. M., Optical properties of the crustal aerosol: Relation to chemical and physical characteristics. J. Geophys. Res., 86, 3236-3246, 1981.
    • (1981) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.86 , pp. 3236-3246
    • Patterson, E.M.1
  • 55
    • 0026613544 scopus 로고
    • Effects of aerosol from biomass burning on the global energy budget
    • Penner, J. E., R. E. Dickinson, and C. A. O'Neill, Effects of aerosol from biomass burning on the global energy budget, Science, 256, 1432-1434, 1992.
    • (1992) Science , vol.256 , pp. 1432-1434
    • Penner, J.E.1    Dickinson, R.E.2    O'Neill, C.A.3
  • 56
    • 0027607988 scopus 로고
    • Towards the development of a global inventory for black carbon emissions
    • Penner, J. E., H. Eddleman, and T. Novakov, Towards the development of a global inventory for black carbon emissions, Atmos. Environ., 27, 1277-1295, 1993.
    • (1993) Atmos. Environ. , vol.27 , pp. 1277-1295
    • Penner, J.E.1    Eddleman, H.2    Novakov, T.3
  • 57
    • 0026482981 scopus 로고
    • Modeling surface solar irradiance for satellite applications on a global scale
    • Pinker, R. T., and I. Laszlo, Modeling surface solar irradiance for satellite applications on a global scale, J. Appl. Meteorol., 31, 194-211, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.31 , pp. 194-211
    • Pinker, R.T.1    Laszlo, I.2
  • 58
    • 0033912072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol modulation of atmospheric and surface solar heating over the tropical Indian Ocean
    • Podgorny, I. A., W. C. Conant, V. Ramanathan, and S. K. Satheesh, Aerosol modulation of atmospheric and surface solar heating over the tropical Indian Ocean, Tellus, Ser. B, 52, 947-958, 2000.
    • (2000) Tellus, Ser. B , vol.52 , pp. 947-958
    • Podgorny, I.A.1    Conant, W.C.2    Ramanathan, V.3    Satheesh, S.K.4
  • 59
    • 0000232014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comment on "Contribution of different aerosol species to the global aerosol extinction optical thickness: Estimates from model results" by Tegen et al
    • Quinn, P. K., and D. J. Coffman, Comment on "Contribution of different aerosol species to the global aerosol extinction optical thickness: Estimates from model results" by Tegen et al., J. Geophys. Res., 104, 4241-4248, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , pp. 4241-4248
    • Quinn, P.K.1    Coffman, D.J.2
  • 61
    • 0033735913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional aerosol distribution and its long range transport over the Indian Ocean
    • Rajeev, K., V. Ramanathan, and J. Meywerk, Regional aerosol distribution and its long range transport over the Indian Ocean, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 2029-2043, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , pp. 2029-2043
    • Rajeev, K.1    Ramanathan, V.2    Meywerk, J.3
  • 63
    • 0035689170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indian Ocean Experiment: An integrated assessment of the climate forcing and effects of the great Indo-Asian haze
    • Ramanathan V., et al., Indian Ocean Experiment: An integrated assessment of the climate forcing and effects of the great Indo-Asian haze, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 28,371-28,398, 2001a.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106
    • Ramanathan, V.1
  • 64
  • 65
    • 1542607870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the CCM3 model climate using diagnosed and predicted condensate parameterizations
    • Rasch, P. J., and J. E. Kristjánsson, A comparison of the CCM3 model climate using diagnosed and predicted condensate parameterizations, J. Climate, 11, 1587-1614, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Climate , vol.11 , pp. 1587-1614
    • Rasch, P.J.1    Kristjánsson, J.E.2
  • 66
    • 0000942149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Representations of transport, convection, and the hydrologie cycle in chemical transport models: Implications for the modeling of short-lived and soluble species
    • Rasch, P. J., N. M. Mahowald, and B. E. Eaton, Representations of transport, convection, and the hydrologie cycle in chemical transport models: Implications for the modeling of short-lived and soluble species, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 28,127-28,138, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Rasch, P.J.1    Mahowald, N.M.2    Eaton, B.E.3
  • 67
    • 0033788039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A description of the global sulfur cycle and its controlling processes in the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model, Version 3
    • Rasch, P. J., M. C. Earth, J. T. Kiehl, S. E. Schwartz, and C. M. Benkovitz, A description of the global sulfur cycle and its controlling processes in the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model, Version 3, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 1367-1385, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , pp. 1367-1385
    • Rasch, P.J.1    Earth, M.C.2    Kiehl, J.T.3    Schwartz, S.E.4    Benkovitz, C.M.5
  • 68
    • 0034960461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) aerosol distributions with an aerosol assimilation
    • Rasch, P. J., W. D. Collins, and B. E. Eaton, Understanding the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) aerosol distributions with an aerosol assimilation, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 7337-7356, 2001.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106 , pp. 7337-7356
    • Rasch, P.J.1    Collins, W.D.2    Eaton, B.E.3
  • 69
    • 0000794208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct radiative forcing from anthropogenic carbonaceous aerosols over India
    • Reddy, M. S., and C. Venkataraman, Direct radiative forcing from anthropogenic carbonaceous aerosols over India, Curr. Sci., 76, 1005-1011, 1999.
    • (1999) Curr. Sci. , vol.76 , pp. 1005-1011
    • Reddy, M.S.1    Venkataraman, C.2
  • 70
    • 0034604031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large differences in tropical aerosol forcing at the top of the atmosphere and Earth's surface
    • Satheesh, S. K., and V. Ramanathan, Large differences in tropical aerosol forcing at the top of the atmosphere and Earth's surface, Science, 405, 60-63, 2000.
    • (2000) Science , vol.405 , pp. 60-63
    • Satheesh, S.K.1    Ramanathan, V.2
  • 71
    • 0034967499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global and regional anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions
    • Smith, S. J., H. Pitcher, and T. M. L. Wigley, Global and regional anthropogenic sulfur dioxide emissions, Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 29, 99-119, 2001.
    • (2001) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.29 , pp. 99-119
    • Smith, S.J.1    Pitcher, H.2    Wigley, T.M.L.3
  • 72
    • 45149142492 scopus 로고
    • Comments on Astronomical Almanac's algorithm for approximate solar position (1950-2050)
    • Spencer, J. W., Comments on Astronomical Almanac's algorithm for approximate solar position (1950-2050), Sol. Energy, 42, 353, 1989.
    • (1989) Sol. Energy , vol.42 , pp. 353
    • Spencer, J.W.1
  • 74
    • 0031438936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development, validation, and potential enhancements to the second-generation operational aerosol product at the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
    • Stowe, L. L., A. M. Ignatov, and R. R. Singh, Development, validation, and potential enhancements to the second-generation operational aerosol product at the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16,889-16,910, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Stowe, L.L.1    Ignatov, A.M.2    Singh, R.R.3
  • 75
    • 0032787145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific basis and initial evaluation of the CLAVR-1 global clear/cloud classification algorithm for the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
    • Stowe, L. L., P. A. Davis, and E. P. McClain, Scientific basis and initial evaluation of the CLAVR-1 global clear/cloud classification algorithm for the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 16, 656-681, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.16 , pp. 656-681
    • Stowe, L.L.1    Davis, P.A.2    McClain, E.P.3
  • 76
    • 0028558088 scopus 로고
    • Modeling of mineral dust in the atmosphere: Sources, transport, and optical thickness
    • Tegen, I., and I. Fung, Modeling of mineral dust in the atmosphere: Sources, transport, and optical thickness, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 22,897-22,914, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99
    • Tegen, I.1    Fung, I.2
  • 77
    • 0030440051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of particle size distribution and its influence on the radiative properties of mineral dust aerosol
    • Tegen, I., and A. A. Lacis, Modeling of particle size distribution and its influence on the radiative properties of mineral dust aerosol, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 19,237-19,244, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101
    • Tegen, I.1    Lacis, A.A.2
  • 78
    • 0007612183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of different aerosol species to the global aerosol extinction optical thickness: Estimates from model results
    • Tegen, I., P. Hollrig, M. Chin, I. Fung, D. Jacob, and J. Penner, Contribution of different aerosol species to the global aerosol extinction optical thickness: Estimates from model results, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 23,895-23,915, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Tegen, I.1    Hollrig, P.2    Chin, M.3    Fung, I.4    Jacob, D.5    Penner, J.6
  • 79
    • 0033178949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anthropogenic sulphate aerosol from India: Estimates of burden and direct radiative forcing
    • Venkataraman, C., B. Chandramouli, and A. Patwardhan, Anthropogenic sulphate aerosol from India: Estimates of burden and direct radiative forcing, Atmos. Environ., 33, 3225-3235, 1999.
    • (1999) Atmos. Environ. , vol.33 , pp. 3225-3235
    • Venkataraman, C.1    Chandramouli, B.2    Patwardhan, A.3
  • 80
    • 0031403103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global precipitation: A 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model outputs
    • Xie, P., and P. A. Arkin, Global precipitation: A 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model outputs, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 78, 2539-2558, 1997.
    • (1997) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.78 , pp. 2539-2558
    • Xie, P.1    Arkin, P.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.