Aerosol formation during PARFORCE: Ternary nucleation of H 2so4, NH3, and H2O

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 107, Issue 19, 2002, Pages

  Kulmala, M ^a   Korhonen, P ^a,b   Napari, I ^a   Karlsson, A ^c   Berresheim, H ^d   O'Dowd, C D ^a,e,f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b FINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^c STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^d DEUTSCHER WETTERDIENST   (Germany)

^e NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND   (Ireland)

^f UNIVERSITY OF SUNDERLAND   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Ammonia; Nucleation; Sulfuric acid; Water

Indexed keywords

AMMONIA; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; COMPUTATION THEORY; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); MATHEMATICAL MODELS; NUCLEATION; THERMAL EFFECTS;

AEROSOL FORMATION; AMMONIA; COASTAL ZONE; NUCLEATION; SULFURIC ACID; WATER VAPOR;

CONNACHT; COUNTY GALWAY; EURASIA; EUROPE; IRELAND; MACE HEAD; WESTERN EUROPE;

EID: 33751300308     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2001JD000900     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Alicke, B., K. Hebestreit, J. Stutz, and U. Platt, Iodine oxide in the marine boundary layer, Nature, 397, 572-573, 1999.
2. Arstila, H., P. Korhonen, and M. Kulmala, Ternary nucleation: Kinetics and application to water-ammonia-hydrochlorid acid system, J. Aerosol Sci., 30, 131-138, 1999.
3. 3 vapors, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 23,709-23,718, 1999.
4. Bassett, M., and J. H. Seinfeld, Atmospheric equilibrium model of sulfate and nitrate aerosols, Atmos. Environ., 17, 2237-2252, 1983.
5. 4 and MSA: Observations in the coastal marine boundary layer at Mace Head, Ireland, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 10.1029/2000JD000229, in press, 2002.
6. Carpenter, L. J., W. T. Sturges, S. A. Penkett, P. Liss, A. Alicke, K. Hebestreit, and U. Platt, Short-lived alkyl iodides and bromides at Mace Head, Ireland: Links to biogenic sources, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 1679-1689, 1999.
7. Clarke, A. D., et al., Particle production in the remote marine atmosphere: Cloud outflow and subsidence during ACE 1, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 16,397-16,409, 1998.
8. -1 aqueous sulfuric acid from<200 to 328 K, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 40, 43-64, 1995.
9. -1 aqueous sulfuric acid from 273.15 to 328.15 K, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 90, 1875-1894, 1994.
10. 2O at tropospheric temperatures, J. Phys. Chem. A, 102, 2137-2152, 1998.
11. Coffmann, D. J., and D. A. Hegg, A preliminary study of the effect of ammonia on particle nucleation in the marine boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 7147-7160, 1995.
12. Covert, D. S., V. N. Kapustin, P. K. Quinn, and T. S. Bates, New particle formation in the marine boundary layer, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 20, 581 - 20,589, 1992.
13. Dal Maso, M., M. Kulmala, J. M. Mäkelä, P. Aalto, and C. D. O'Dowd, Condensation and coagulation sinks and formation of nucleation mode particles in coastal and boreal forest boundary layers, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 10.1029/2001JD001053, 2002.
14. Easter, R. C., and L. K. Peters, Binary homogeneous nucleation: Temperature and relative humidity fluctuations, nonlinearity, and aspects of new particle production in the atmosphere, J. Appl. Meteorol., 33, 775-784, 1994.
15. Hamed, H. S., and B. B. Owen, The Physical Chemistry of Electrolytic Solutions, Van Nostrand, New York, 1958.
16. Hoffmann, T., C. D. O'Dowd, and J. H. Seinfeld, Iodide oxide homogeneous nucleation: An explanation for coastal new particle production, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1949-1952, 2001.
17. Hoppel, W. A., G. M. Frick, and J. W. Fitzgerald, Marine boundary layer measurements of new particle formation and the effects nonprecipitating clouds have on aerosol size distribution, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 14,443-14,495, 1994.
18. Jacobson, M. Z., A. Tabazadeh, and R. P. Turco, Simulating equilibrium within aerosols and nonequilibrium between gases and aerosols, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 9079-9091, 1996.
19. 2O particles in smog, Atmos. Environ., 28, 2399-2406, 1994.
20. Kim, Y. P., J. H. Seinfeld, and P. Saxena, Atmospheric gas-aerosol equilibrium, I, Thermodynamic model, Aerosol Sci. Tech., 19, 157-182, 1993.
21. Korhonen, P., A. Laaksonen, Y. Viisanen, and M. Kulmala, The homogeneous heteromolecular nucleation of sulfuric acid and ammonia in the atmosphere, Rep. Ser. Aerosol Sci., 41, 110-115, 1998a.
22. Korhonen, P., A. Laaksonen, E. Batris, and Y. Viisanen, Thermodynamics for highly concentrated water-ammonium sulfate solutions, J. Aerosol Sci., 29, S379-S380, 1998b.
23. 2O in the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 26,349-26,353, 1999.
24. Koutrakis, P., and B. Aurian-Blajeni, Measurement of partial vapor pressure of ammonia over acid ammonium sulfate solutions by an integral method, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 2941-2948, 1993.
25. Kulmala, M., A. Toivonen, J. M. Mäkelä, and A. Laaksonen, Analysis of the growth of nucleation mode particles observed in boreal forest, Tellus, Ser. B, 50, 449-462, 1998a.
26. Kulmala, M., A. Laaksonen, and L. Pirjola, Parameterizations for sulphuric acid/water nucleation rates, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 8301-8308, 1998b.
27. Kulmala, M., L. Pirjola, and J. M. Mäkelä, Stable sulphate clusters as a source of new atmospheric particles, Nature, 404, 66-69, 2000.
28. Kulmala, M., M. Dal Maso, J. M. Mäkelä, L. Pirjola, M. Väkevä, P. Aalto, P. Miikkulainen, K. Hämeri, and C. D. O'Dowd, On the formation, growth and composition of nucleation mode particles, Tellus, Ser. B, 53, 479-490, 2001.
29. Kusik, C. L., and H. P. Meissner, Electrolytic activity coefficients in inorganic processing, AIChE Symp. Ser., 173, 14-20, 1978.
30. Mäkelä, J. M., P. Aalto, V. Jokinen, T. Pohja, A. Nissinen, S. Palmroth, T. Markkanen, K. Seitsonen, H. Lihavainen, and M. Kulmala, Observations of ultrafine aerosol particle formation and growth in boreal forest, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 1219-1222, 1997.
31. Mäkelä, J. M., T. Hoffmann, C. Holzke, M. Väkevä, T. Suni, T. Mattila, P. P. Aalto, U. Tapper, E. I. Kauppinen, and C. D. O'Dowd, Biogenic iodine emissions and identification of end-products in coastal ultrafine particles during nucleation bursts, J. Geophys. Res., 107, doi:10.1029/2001JD000580, in press, 2002.
32. 4 vapor pressure of sulfuric acid and ammonia sulfate solutions, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 2725-2735, 1997.
33. Nilsson, E. D., and M. Kulmala, The potential for atmospheric mixing processes to enhance the binary nucleation rate, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 1381-1389, 1998.
34. O'Dowd, C. D., New Particle Formation and Fate in the Coastal Environment (PARFORCE) objectives and initial achievements, Rep. Ser. Aerosol Sci., 48, 5-10, 2000.
35. O'Dowd, C. D., B. Davison, J. A. Lowe, M. H. Smith, R. M. Harrison, and C. N. Hewitt, Biogenic sulphur emissions and interred sulphate CCN concentrations in and around Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 12,839-12,854, 1997.
36. O'Dowd, C. D., M. Geever, M. K. Hill, S. G. Jennings, and M. H. Smith, New particle formation: Spatial scales and nucleation rates in the coastal environment, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1661-1664, 1998.
37. O'Dowd, C. D., et al., On the photochemical production of new particles in the coastal boundary layer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1707-1710, 1999.
38. O'Dowd, C. D., et al., A dedicated study of New Particle Formation and Fate in the Coastal Environment (PARFORCE): Overview of objectives and achievements, J. Geophys. Res., 107, doi: 10.1029/2001JD000555, in press, 2002a.
39. O'Dowd, C. D., et al., Coastal new particle formation: Environmental conditions and aerosol physicochemical characteristics during nucleation bursts, J. Geophys. Res., 107, doi:10.1029/2000JD000206, in press, 2002b.
40. Pirjola, L., C. D. O'Dowd, and M. Kulmala, A model prediction of the yield of cloud condensation nuclei from coastal nucleation events, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 8098, doi:10.1029/2000JD000213, 2002.
41. Scott, W. D., and F. C. R. Cattell, Vapor pressure of ammonium sulfates, Atmos. Env., 13, 307-317, 1979.
42. Stelson, A. W., M. E. Bassett, and J. H. Seinfeld, Thermodynamic equilibrium properties of aqueous solutions of nitrate, sulfate and ammonium, in Chemistry of Particles, Fogs and Rain, edited by J. L. Durham, pp. 1 - 52, Butterworth-Heinemann, Wobum, Mass., 1983.
43. Tang, I. N., and H. R. Munkelwitz, Water activities, densities, and refractive indices of aqueous sulfates and sodium nitrate droplets of atmospheric importance, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 18,801-18,808, 1994.
44. Väkevä, M., K. Hämeri, and P. P. Aalto, Hygroscopic properties of nucleation mode and Aitken mode particles during and outside nucleation bursts in west coast of Ireland, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 8104, doi:10.1029/2000JD000176, 2002.
45. Weast, R. C., (Ed.), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 74th ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fia., 1994.
46. Weber, R. J., P. H. McMurry, R. L. Mauldin, D. J. Tanner, F. L. Eisele, A. D. Clarke, and V. Kapustin, New particle formation in the remote troposphere: A comparison of observations at various sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 307-310, 1999.
47. Wiedensohler, A., D. S. Covert, E. Swietlicki, P. Aalto, J. Heintzenberg, and C. Leek, Occurrence of an ultrafine particle mode less than 20 nm in diameter in the marine boundary layer during Arctic summer and autumn, Tellus, Ser. B, 48, 213-222, 1996.