The functional load principle in ESL pronunciation instruction: An exploratory study

System

Volumn 34, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 520-531

  Munro, Murray J ^a   Derwing, Tracey M ^b  

^a SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Comprehensibility; Consonants; ESL; Foreign accent; Functional load; Intelligibility; Pronunciation instruction

Indexed keywords

EID: 33751256560     PISSN: 0346251X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.system.2006.09.004     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Bent, T., Bradlow, A., in press. Segmental errors in different word positions and their effects on intelligibility of nonnative speech: all's well that begins well. In: Bohn, O.-S., Munro, M.J. (Eds.), Language Experience in Second Language Speech Learning. John Benjamins, Amsterdam.
2. Breitkreutz J.A., Derwing T.M., and Rossiter M.J. Pronunciation teaching practices in Canada. TESL Canada Journal 19 (2001) 51-61
3. Brennan E.M., and Brennan J.S. Measurements of accent and attitude toward Mexican-American speech. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 10 (1981) 487-501
4. Brown A. Functional load and the teaching of pronunciation. In: Brown A. (Ed). Teaching English Pronunciation: A Book of Readings (1991), Routledge, London 221-224
5. Catford J.C. Phonetics and the teaching of pronunciation: a systemic description of English phonology. In: Morley J. (Ed). Current Perspectives on Pronunciation: Practices Anchored in Theory (1987), TESOL, Washington, DC 87-100
6. Derwing T.M., and Munro M.J. Accent, intelligibility, and comprehensibility: evidence from four L1s. SSLA 19 (1997) 1-16
7. Derwing T.M., and Munro M.J. Second language accent and pronunciation teaching: a research-based approach. TESOL Quarterly 39 (2005) 379-397
8. Field J. Intelligibility and the listener: The role of lexical stress. TESOL Quarterly 39 (2005) 399-423
9. Firth S. Pronunciation syllabus design: a question of focus. In: Avery P., and Ehrlich S. (Eds). Teaching American English Pronunciation (1992), Oxford University Press, Oxford 173-183
10. Hahn L.D. Primary stress and intelligibility: research to motivate the teaching of suprasegmentals. TESOL Quarterly 38 (2004) 201-223
11. Gass S., and Varonis E.M. The effect of familiarity on the comprehensibility of nonnative speech. LL 34 (1984) 65-89
12. Jenkins J. A sociolinguistically-based, empirically-researched pronunciation syllabus for English as an International Language. Applied Linguistics 23 (2002) 83-103
13. Jones R.H., and Evans S. Teaching pronunciation through voice quality. ELT Journal 49 (1995) 244-251
14. King R.D. Functional load and sound change. Language 43 (1967) 831-852
15. Levis J. Reconsidering low-rising intonation in American English. Applied Linguistics 23 (2002) 56-82
16. Meyerstein R.S. Functional Load (1970), Mouton, The Hague
17. Munro M.J., and Derwing T.M. Foreign accent, comprehensibility, and intelligibility in the speech of second language learners. LL 45 (1995) 73-97
18. Munro M., and Derwing T.M. Processing time, accent, and comprehensibility in the perception of foreign-accented speech. Language and Speech 38 (1995) 289-306
19. Munro M.J., and Derwing T.M. Modelling perceptions of the comprehensibility and accentedness of L2 speech: The role of speaking rate. SSLA 23 (2001) 415-468
20. Wingstedt M., and Schulman R. Comprehension of foreign accents. In: Dressler W. (Ed). Phonologica 1984: Proceedings of the 5th International Phonology Meeting (1984), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 339-344