Hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation: In search of the optimal immunosuppression to improve outcome

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation

Volumn 11, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 637-642

  Fasola, Carlos G ^a,b,d   Klintmalm, Goran B ^c  

^a EMORY UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b CHILDREN'S HEALTHCARE OF ATLANTA   (United States)

^c BAYLOR UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d WMB 5105 ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Graft survival; Hepatitis C virus; Liver transplant; Patient survival; Steroid free immunosuppression

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; AZATHIOPRINE; BASILIXIMAB; CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR; CYCLOSPORIN; DACLIZUMAB; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; INTERLEUKIN 2 RECEPTOR ANTIBODY; METHYLPREDNISOLONE SODIUM SUCCINATE; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID 2 MORPHOLINOETHYL ESTER; STEROID; TSUKUBAENOLIDE;

BACTERIAL INFECTION; CLINICAL TRIAL; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE EXACERBATION; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG INDUCED CANCER; GRAFT FAILURE; GRAFT SURVIVAL; HEPATITIS C; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; LIVER GRAFT REJECTION; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; META ANALYSIS; MYCOSIS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; RECURRENT DISEASE; REVIEW; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 33751220818     PISSN: 10872418     EISSN: 15317013     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MOT.0b013e328010d4c1     Document Type: Review

References (25)

1. Futagawa Y, Terasaki PI, Waki K, et al. No improvement in long-term liver transplant graft survival in the last decade: an analysis of the UNOS data. Am J Transpl 2006; 6:1398-1346. Two periods (1992-1996 and 1997-2002) are analyzed with similar graft survivals at 5 years (67.4 and 67.5%). Long-term survival, however, decreased in the most recent period due to a larger number of HCV-infected recipients.
2. Forman LM, Lewis JD, Berlin JA, et al. The association between hepatitis C infection and survival after orthotopic liver transplantation. Gastroenterology 2002; 122:889-896.
3. Shergill A, Khalili M, Bollinger K, et al. Applicability, tolerability and efficacy of preemptive antiviral therapy in hepatitis C infected patients undergoing liver transplantation. Am J Transplant 2005; 5:118-124.
4. Samuel D, Bizollon T, Feray C, et al. Interpheron-alpha 2b plus ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C after liver transplantation: a randomized study. Gastroenterology 2003; 124:642-650.
5. Davis GL, Nelson DR, Terrault N, et al. Randomized, open-label study to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of human hepatitis C immune globulin (Civacir) in liver transplant recipients. Liver Transpl 2005; 11:941-949. A total of 18 patients were divided into three groups: low (75 mg/kg) or high (200 mg/kg) dose of Civacir or controls (no drug). Civacir appears to be a safe drug. Larger studies are needed to establish its benefit.
6. xtl 68 in patients undergoing liver transplantation for HCV: results of a phase 2 randomized study. Liver Transpl 2006; 12:1381-1389. The benefit of this antibody in decreasing HCV RNA levels could not be established at the frequency and doses used. Further dose-escalating studies are needed.
7. Testa G, Crippin JS, Klintmalm GB, et al. Liver transplantation for hepatitis C: recurrence and disease progression in 300 patients. Liver Transpl 2000; 6:553-561.
8. Fasola CG, Netto GJ, Klintmalm GB, et al. Delay of hepatitis C recurrence in liver transplant recipients: impact of mycophenolate mofetil on transplant recipients with severe acute rejection or with renal dysfunction. Transpl Proceedings 2002; 34:1561-1562.
9. Fasola CG, Netto GJ, Klintmalm GB, et al. Recurrence of hepatitis C in liver transplant recipients treated with mycophenolate mofetil. Transpl Proc 2002; 34:1563-1564.
10. Fasola CG, Klintmalm GB. Impact of immunosuppression in hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation: a controllable factor? Curr Opin Organ Transpl 2003; 8:146-152.
11. Brillanti S, Vivarelli M, DeRuvo, et al. Slowly tapering off steroids protects the graft from against hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2002; 8:884-888.
12. Charlton M, Seaberg E, Wiesner R, et al. Predictors of patient and graft survival following liver transplantation for hepatitis C. Hepatology 1998; 28:823-830.
13. Berenguer M, Prieto M, Cordoba J, et al. Early development of chronic active hepatitis in recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation: association with treatment of rejection. J Hepatol 1998; 28:756-763.
14. Berenguer M, Ferrell L, Watson J, et al. HCV-related fibrosis progression following liver transplantation: increase in recent years. J Hepatol 2000; 32:673-684.
15. Fasola CG, Netto GJ, Christensen LL, et al. Evolution of hepatitis C recurrence post liver transplantation in the last ten years: more aggressive recurrence in recent years? [Abstract]. Am J Transpl 2002; 2 (Suppl 3):139A.
16. Filipponi F, Callea F, Salizzoni M, et al. Double-blind comparison of hepatitis C histological recurrence rate in HCV + liver transplant recipients given basiliximab + steroids or basiliximab + placebo in addition to cyclosporine and azathioprine. Transplantation 2004; 78:1488-1495.
17. Boillot O, Mayer DA, Boudjema K, et al. Corticosteroid-free immunosuppression with tacrolimus following induction with daclizumab: a large randomized clinical study. Liver Transpl 2005; 11:61-67. Discussed in this paper.
18. Llado L, Xiol X, Figueras J, et al. Immunosuppression without steroids in liver transplantation is safe and reduces infection and metabolic complications: results from a prospective multicenter randomized study. J Hepatol 2006; 44:710-716. Discussed in this paper.
19. Fasola CG, Klintmalm GB, The Hepatitis C Three Study Group. Multicenter randomized hepatitis C three trial post liver transplantation: a one-year follow up report [abstract]. Liver Transpl 2006; 12:C115. Discussed in this paper.
20. Sheiner P, Schwartz ME, Mor E, et al. Severe or multiple rejection episodes are associated with early recurrence of hepatitis C after orthotopic liver transplantation. Hepatology 1995; 21:30-34.
21. Berenguer M, Prieto M, Cordoba J, et al. Early development of chronic active hepatitis in recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation: association with treatment of rejection. J Hepatol 1998; 28:756-763.
22. International Panel on Liver Allograft Rejection. Banff schema for grading liver allograft rejection: an international consensus document. Hepatology 1997; 25:658-663.
23. Batts KP, Ludwig J. Chronic hepatitis: an update on terminology and reporting. Am J Surg Pathol 1995; 19:1409-1417.
24. Fasola CG, Klintmalm GB. Hepatitis C and mycophenolate mofetil - a clarification. Liver Transpl 2002; 8 (4):411-412.
25. Berenguer M, Aguilera V, Prieto M, et al. Significant improvement in the outcome of HCV-infected transplant recipients by avoiding rapid steroid tapering and potent immunosuppression. J Hepatol 2006; 44:717-722.