An experimental investigation of sand-mud suspension settling behaviour: Implications for bimodal mud contents of submarine flow deposits

Sedimentology

Volumn 53, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 1411-1434

  Amy, Lawrence A ^a   Talling, Peter J ^a   Edmonds, Victoria O ^a,b   Sumner, Esther J ^a   Lesueur, Anne ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^b Structural Soils Ltd   (United Kingdom)

^c Centre économie et gestion   (France)

Author keywords

Experimental; Linked debrites; Particle settling; Sedimentation; Submarine debris flow; Turbidity current

Indexed keywords

DEBRIS FLOW; MARINE SEDIMENT; PARTICLE SETTLING; SEDIMENTATION; TURBIDITY CURRENT;

EID: 33751179025     PISSN: 00370746     EISSN: 13653091     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3091.2006.00815.x     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Amy, L.A. and Talling, P.J. (2006) Anatomy of turbidites and linked debrites based on long distance (120 × 30km) bed correlation, Marnoso Arenacea Formation, Northern Apennines, Italy. Sedimentology, 53, 161-212.
2. Amy, L.A., Talling, P.J., Peakall, J., Wynn, R.B. and Arzola Thynne, R.G. (2005) Bed geometry used to test recognition criteria of turbidites and (sandy) debrites. Sed. Geol., 179, 163-174.
3. Arnott, R.W.C. and Hand, B.M. (1989) Bedforms, primary structures and grain fabric in the presence of suspended sediment rain. J. Sed. Petrol., 59, 1062-1069.
4. Barnes, H.A. (1989) Shear-thickening ("dilatancy") in suspensions of nonaggregating solid particles dispersed in Newtonian liquids. J. Rheol., 33, 329-366.
5. Been, K. and Sills, C. (1981) Self-weight consolidation of soft soils: an experimental and theoretical study. Géotechique, 31, 519-535.
6. Beutelspacher, H. and Van der Marel, H.W. (1968) Atlas of Electron Microscopy of Clay Minerals and their Admixtures. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 333 pp.
7. Bürger, R. and Wendland, W.L. (2001) Sedimentation and suspension flows: Historical perspective and some recent developments. J. Eng. Math., 41, 101-116.
8. Buscall, R. (1990) The sedimentation of concentrated colloidal suspensions. Colloids Surfaces, 43, 33-53.
9. Clayton, C.J., (1992) The Sedimentology of a Confined Turbidite System in the Early Silurian Welsh Basin. PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
10. Clayton, C.J., (1994) Contrasting sediment gravity flow processes in the late Llandovery, Rhuddnannt Grits turbidite system, Welsh Basin. Geol. J., 29, 167-181.
11. Coussot, P. (1995) Structural similarity and transition from Newtonian to non-Newtonian behavior for water-clay suspensions. Phys. Rev. Lett., 74, 3971-3974.
12. Coussot, P. (1997). Mudflow Rheology and Dynamics. IAHR monograph, Balkema, Rotterdam, 260 pp.
13. Davies, R. (1968) The experimental study of the differential settling of particles in suspension at high concentrations. Powder Technol., 2, 43-51.
14. Davies, R. and Kaye, B.H. (1971) Experimental investigation into the settling behaviour of dispersions. Powder Technol., 5, 61-68.
15. Druitt, T. (1995) Settling behaviour of some concentrated dispersions and some volcanological applications. J. Volcanol. Geoth. Res., 65, 27-35.
16. Farmer, V.C. (1974) The Infrared Spectra of Minerals. Monograph, 4. Minerological Society, London.
17. Ferguson, R.I. and Church, M. (2004) A simple universal equation for grain settling velocity. J. Sed. Res., 74, 933-937.
18. Hampton, M.A. (1970) Subaqueous Debris Flow and Generation of Turbidity Currents. PhD thesis, Stanford University, Stanford, CA. pp 180.
19. Hampton, M.A. (1975) Competence of fine-grained debris flows. J. Sed. Petrol., 45, 834-844.
20. Haughton, P.D.W., Barker, S.P. and McCaffrey, W. (2003) 'Linked' debrites in sand-rich turbidite systems - origin and significance. Sedimentology, 50, 459-482.
21. Hickson, T.A. (1999) A Study of Deep-water Deposition: Constraints on the Sedimentation Mechanics of Slurry Flows and High Concentration Turbidity Currents, and the Facies Architecture of a Conglomeratic Channel Overbank System. Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 256 pp.
22. Johnson, A. M. (1965) A Model for Debris Flow and Generation of Turbidity Currents. PhD thesis, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
23. Kneller, B.C. and Branney, M. J. (1995) Sustained high-density turbidity currents and the deposition of thick massive sands. Sedimentology, 42, 607-616.
24. Konert, M. and Vandenberghe, J. (1997) Comaprison of laser grain size analysis with pipette and sieve analysis: A solution for the underestimation of the clay fraction. Sedimentology, 44, 523-535.
25. Kranenburg, C. (1994) The fractal structure of cohesive sediment aggregates. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 39, 451-460.
26. Krone, R.B. (1963) A Study of Rheological Properties of Esturine Sediments. Technical Report 638. Hydraulic Engineering Laboratory and Sanitary Engineering Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA.
27. Kynch, G.J. (1952) A theory of sedimentation. Trans. Faraday Soc., 58, 166-176.
28. Lamb, T.W. (1960) A mechanistic picture of shear strength in clay. Am. Soc. Civil Eng. Conf. Shear Strength Cohesive Soils, ??, 555-580.
29. Lockett, M.J. and Al-Habbooby, H.M. (1974) Relative particle velocities in two-species settling. Powder Technol., 10, 67-71.
30. Lowe, D. R. (1988) Suspended-load fall-out rate as an independent variable in the analysis of current structures. Sedimentology, 35, 765-776.
31. McCave, I.N. and Jones, K.P.N. (1988) Deposition of ungraded muds from high-density non-turbulent turbidity currents. Nature, 333, 250-252.
32. Merckelbach, L.M. and Kranenburg, C. (2004) Equations for effective stress and permeability of soft mud-sand mixtures. Géotechnique, 54, 235-243.
33. van Olphen, H. (1977) An Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry. 2nd edn. John Wiley & Sons, London, 318 pp.
34. Phillips, C.R and Smiths, T.N (1971) Modes of settling and relative settling velocities in two-species dispersions. Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam., 10, 581-587.
35. Rand, B. and Melton, I. E. (1977). Particle interactions in aqueous kaolinite suspensions I. Effect of pH and electrolyte upon the mode of particle interactions in homoionic sodium kaolinite suspensions. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 60, 309-320.
36. Ricci Lucchi, F. and Valmori, E. (1980) Basin-wide turbidites in a Miocene, over-supplied deep-sea plain: A geometrical analysis. Sedimentology, 27, 241-270.
37. Richardson, J.F. and Zaki, W.N. (1954), Sedimentation and fluidization: Part I. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng., 32, 35-53.
38. Shanmugam, G. (1996) High-density turbidity currents: Are they sandy debris flows. J. Sed. Res., 66, 2-10.
39. Shanmugam, G. (1997) The Bouma Sequence and the turbidite mind set. Earth Sci. Rev., 42, 201-229.
40. Sills, G.C. (1995) Time dependent processes in soil consolidation. In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Comprssion and Consolidation of Clayey soils (Eds H. Yoshikuni and O. Kusakabe), pp. 875-890. Balkema, Rotterdam.
41. Sills, G.C. and Thomas, R.C. (1984) Settlement and consolidation in the laboratory of steadily-deposited sediment. In: Proc. IUTAM/IUGG Symp., University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, September 1983. Seabed Mechanics, (Ed B. Denness), 41-49. London: Graham & Trotman Terzaghi.
42. Stamatakis, K and Tien, C. (1988) Dynamics of batch sedimentation of polydispersed suspensions. Powder Technol., 56, 105-117.
43. Sylvester, Z. and Lowe, D. R. (2004) Textural trends in turbidites and slurry beds from the Oligocene of the East Carpathians, Romania. Sedimentology, 51, 945-972.
44. Talling, P.J., Amy, L.A., Wynn, R.B., Peakall, J. and Robinson, M. (2004) Beds comprising debrite sandwiched within co-genetic turbidite: origin and widespread occurrence in distal depositional environments. Sedimentology, 51, 163-194.
45. Tang, P. and Raper, J.A. (2002) Modelling the settling behaviour of fractal aggregates - a review. Powder Technol., 132, 114-125.
46. Toorman, E.A. and Berlamont, J.E. (1993) Settling and consolidation of mixtures of cohesive and non-cohesive sediments. Adv. Hydro-sci. Eng., 1, 606-613.
47. Torfs, H., Mitchner, H., Huysentruyt, H. and Toorman, E. (1996) Settling and consolidation of mud/sand mixtures. Coastal Eng., 29, 27-45.
48. Weiland, RH., Fessas, Y.P. and Ramarao, B.V. (1984) On instabilities arising during sedimentation of two component mixtures of solids. J. Fluid Mech., 142, 383-389.
49. Whitehouse, R., Soulsby, R., Roberts, W. and Mitchener, H. (2000) Dynamics of Estuarine Muds. Thomas Telford, London, 210 pp.
50. Winterwerp, J.C. (2002) On the flocculation and settling velocity of estuarine mud. Cont. Shelf Res., 22, 1339-1360.