The role of psychiatry in U.S. Air Force primary care: Research-based models for clinical consultation and education

Military Medicine

Volumn 171, Issue 11, 2006, Pages 1117-1122

  Higgins, Michael J ^a   Lacy, Timothy J ^a  

^a Malcolm Grow Medical Center ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR FORCE; EDUCATION PROGRAM; HUMAN; MENTAL DISEASE; MENTAL HEALTH CARE; MENTAL HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; MILITARY MEDICINE; OUTPATIENT CARE; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PSYCHIATRIST; REVIEW; UNITED STATES;

EID: 33751086434     PISSN: 00264075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7205/MILMED.171.11.1117     Document Type: Review

References (84)

1. Gonzales JJ, Handel L: Consultation-liaison psychiatry in the managed care arena. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1996; 19: 450-66.
2. Sartorius N: Psychiatry in the framework of primary health care: a threat or boost of psychiatry? Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154: 67-72.
3. Air Force Medical Service: A Guidebook to Primary Care Optimization. Washington, DC. Government Printing Office, 2000.
4. Department of Defense Tricare Management Activity: Population Health Improvement Plan and Guide. Washington, DC. Tricare Management Activity. Government Printing Office, 2001.
5. Department of Health and Human Services: Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Substance Abuse, and Mental Health Services Administration. Center for Mental Health Services, National Institutes of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 1999.
6. Brown GK: High risk management guidelines for elderly suicidal patients in primary care settings. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2001; 16: 593-601.
7. Department of Health and Human Services: Mental Health: Race, Culture, and Ethnicity. Rockville, MD, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Center for Mental Health Services, National Institutes of Mental Health. National Institutes of Health, 1999.
8. Office for Prevention and Health Services Assessment: Primary Care Behavioral Health Services Practice Manual. San Antonio, TX. Behavioral Health Optimization Project, 2001.
9. Hodges B, Inch C, Silver I: Improving the psychiatric knowledge, skills, and attitudes of primary care physicians, 1950-2000: a review. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158: 1579-86.
10. Rittelmeyer LF Jr: Continuing education in psychiatry for physicians: report of a four year experience. JAMA 1972; 220: 710-4.
11. Balint M. The Doctor. His Patient and the Illness. New York, NY. International University Press, 1957.
12. Thompson TL, Thomas MR: Teaching psychiatry to primary care internists. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1985; 7: 210-3.
13. Regler DA, Narrow WE, Rae DS, Manderscheid RW, Locke BZ, Goodwin FK: The de facto US mental and addictive disorders service system: Epidemiologic Catchment Area Prospective 1 year prevalence rates of disorders and services. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1993; 50: 85-94.
14. Schurman RA, Kramer PD, Mitchell JB: The hidden mental health network: treatment of mental illness by nonpsychiatrist physicians. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985; 42: 89-94.
15. Anfinson TJ, Bona JR: A health services perspective on delivery of psychiatric services in primary care including internal medicine. Med Clin North Am 2001; 85: 597-616.
16. Astrachan BM, Flaherty JA, Astrachan JH: Psychiatry, primary care, and managed care: an executive perspective. Psychiatric Ann 1997; 27: 440-3.
17. Hartley D, Korsea N, Bird D, Agger M: Management of patients with depression by rural primary care practitioners. Arch Fam Med 1988; 7: 139-45.
18. Katon W, VonKorff M, Lin E, et al: Collaborative management to achieve treatment guidelines. JAMA 1995; 273: 1026.
19. Schulberg HC, McClelland M, Coulehan JL, Block M, Werner G: Psychiatric decision making in family practice: future research directions. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1986; 8: 1-6.
20. Sartorius N, et al: Depression comorbid with anxiety: Results from the WHO study on psychological disorders in primary health care. Br J Psychiatry 1996; 168: 38-43.
21. Goldberg D: Detection and assessment of emotional disorders in a primary care setting. Int J Ment Health 1979; 8: 30-48.
22. Goldberg D, Steele JJ, Johnson A, Smith C: Ability of primary care physicians to make accurate ratings of psychiatric symptoms. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982; 39: 829-33.
23. Jencks SF: Recognition of mental disorders and diagnosis of mental disorders in primary care. JAMA 1985; 253: 1903-7.
24. Katon W, Rutter C, Ludman EJ: A randomized trial of relapse prevention of depression in primary care. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001; 58: 241-7.
25. Marks JN: Determinants of the ability of general practitioners to detect psychiatric illness. Psychol Med 1979; 9: 337-53.
26. Miller NS, Sheppard LM, Colenda CC, Magen J: Why physicians are unprepared to treat patients who have alcohol and drug related disorders. Acad Med 2001; 76: 410-8.
27. Jones LR: The Psychiatric Role of the Rural Primary Care Practitioner: Psychiatric Services for underserviced Rural Populations. pp 92-102. New York. Burnner/Mazel, 1985.
28. Schulberg HC, McClelland M: A conceptual model for educating primary care providers in the diagnosis and treatment of depression. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1987; 9: 1-10.
29. Von Ammon L, et al: Future care of psychiatric training for primary care physicians. Psychiatr Med 1988; 6: 64-87.
30. Escalona R, Leis S, Yager J: A psychiatric primary care clinic for chronically ill veterans. Psychiatr Serv 2001; 52: 536.
31. Stevens L, Kinmonth AL, Peveler R, Thompson C: The Hampshire Depression Project: development and piloting of clinical practice guidelines and education about depression in primary health care. Med Educ 1997; 31: 375-9.
32. DeGruy FV: Mental healthcare in the primary care setting: a paradigm problem. Fam Syst Health 1997; 15: 3-26.
33. Burge SK: Behavioral science in family practice: what evidence? Clin Fam Pract 2001; 3.
34. Goldsmith RJ, Miller NS: Training of the resident in psychiatry and primary care: liaison and collaboration. Psychiatr Ann 1997; 27: 417-24.
35. Holloway RL, Ambuel B, et al: Who is the assertive practitioner of behavioral medicine in family practice? Clin Fam Pract 2001; 3.
36. Lorenz AD, Mauksch LB, Gawinski BA: Models of collaboration. Prim Care 1999; 26: 401-10.
37. Manning JS, Zylstra RG, Connor PD: Teaching family physicians about mood disorders: a procedure suite for behavioral medicine. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry 1999; 1: 18-23.
38. McNeil GN: The collaboration between psychiatry and primary care in managed care. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2000; 23: 427-35.
39. Cohen-Cole SA, Bird J, Freeman A, Boker J, Hain J, Shugerman A: An oral examination of the psychiatric knowledge of medical housestaff: assessment of needs and evaluation baseline. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1982; 4: 103-11.
40. Cohen-Cole SA, Bird J: Teaching psychiatry to nonpsychiatrists: II. A model curriculum. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1984; 6: 1-11.
41. Cohen-Cole SA: A model curriculum for mental disorders and behavior problems in primary care. Gen Hospital Psychiatry 1995; 17: 13-8.
42. Lesser AL: Problem based interviewing in general practice: a model. Med Educ 1985; 19: 299-304.
43. Petersen LG, Bongar B: Training physicians in the clinical evaluation of the suicidal patient. Adv Psychosom Med 1990; 20: 89-108.
44. Geller JM: Rural Primary Care providers' perceptions of their roles in the provision of mental health services: voices from the plains. J Rural Health 1999; 15: 326-34.
45. Halbriech U: Teaching normal and abnormal behavior to primary care physicians. Int J Psychiatry Med 1994; 24: 115-20.
46. Stoudemire A: Psychiatry in medical practice: implications for the education of primary care physicians in the era of primary care. Psychosomatics 1997; 38: 1-9.
47. Connor PD: Psychiatry training for family doctors: what do GP registrars want and can a brief course provide this? Med Educ 1999; 33: 434-8.
48. Matorin AA: Training family practice residents in psychiatry: an ambulatory care training model. Int J Psychiatry Med 1999; 29: 327-36.
49. McGrath MJ: Differing attitude between psychiatrists and primary care providers at the interface. Hawaii Med J 2000; 59: 447-50.
50. Phongsavan P, Ward JE, Oldenburg BF, Gordon J: Mental health care practices and educational needs of general practitioners. Med J Aust 1995; 162: 139-42.
51. Kerwick S, Jones R, Mann A, Goldberg D: Mental health care training priorities in general practice. Br J Gen Pract 1997; 47: 225-7.
52. Toews J, Lockyer J, Addington D, McDougall G, Ward R, Simpson E: Improving the management of patients with schizophrenia in primary care: assessing learning needs as a first step. Can J Psychiatry 1996; 41: 617-22.
53. Bird J, Cohen-Cole SA, Boker J, Freeman A: Teaching psychiatry to non-psychiatrists: the application of educational methodology. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1983; 5: 247-53.
54. Fink PJ: Teaching psychiatry to primary care physicians. Psychiatr Ann 1981; 11: 27-31.
55. Seaburn DB, Lorenz AD, Gunn WB, et al. Models of Collaboration: A Guide for Mental Health Professionals Working with Health Care Practitioner's. New York, Basic, 1996.
56. Rozan G, Homes D: Evaluating the impact of a psychiatric course for non-psychiatric physicians. Ment Hyg 1968; 52: 612-6.
57. Harr E, Green M, Hymans L, Jaffe J: Varied need of primary physicians for psychiatric resources. Psychosomatics 1972; 13: 255-62.
58. Gallagher R 3rd, Chapman RJ: The medication seminar and primary care education. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1981; 3: 16-23.
59. Thompson E, Margo G: Psychiatry and family medicine: better training is the key to better professional cooperation. Acad Psychiatry 1995; 19: 224-6.
60. Kroenke K, Taylor-Vaisey A, Dietrich A, Oxman T: Interventions to improve provider diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders in primary care. Psychosomatics 2000; 41: 39-52.
61. Davis D, O'Brien MA, Freemantle N, Wolf FM, Mazmanian P, Taylor-Vaisey A: Impact of formal continuing medical education: do conferences, workshops, rounds and other traditional continuing education activities change physician behavior or health care outcomes? JAMA 1999; 282: 867-74.
62. Goldberg D: Teaching methods for use by psychiatrists in primary care settings. Acta Psychiat Belg 1986; 86: 568-74.
63. Rittelmeyer LF Jr., Flynn WE: Psychiatric consultation in an HMO: a model for education in primary care. Am J Psychiatry 1987; 135: 1089-92.
64. Soumerai SB: Principles and uses of academic detailing to improve the management of psychiatric disorders. Int J Psychiatry Med 1998; 28: 81-96.
65. Helz JW, Thompson TL: Consultation-liaison models for teaching psychiatry to primary care physicians. Adv Psychosom Med 1990; 20: 1-16.
66. Rogers J: Evaluation of behavioral science training in primary care: a critique. J Med Educ 1982; 57: 411-3.
67. Johnson CW: Models for the assessment of clinical performance in consultation-liaison services. Adv Psychosom Med 1990; 20: 109-24.
68. Cohen-Cole SA: Training outcome in liaison psychiatry: literature review and methodological proposals. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1980; 2: 282-8.
69. Tardiff K: A videotape technique for measuring clinical skills: three years of experience. J Med Educ 1981; 56: 187-91.
70. Moss JH: Evaluating a seminar designed to improve psychiatry skills of family medicine residents. Acad Med 1990; 65: 658-60.
71. Cask L, McGrath G, Goldberg D, Miller T: Improving the psychiatric skills of established general practitioners: evaluation of group teaching. Med Educ 1987; 21: 362-8.
72. Goldberg DP, Steel JJ, Smith C: Teaching psychiatric interview techniques to family doctors. Acta Psychiatr Scan 1980; 62: 41-7.
73. Goldberg DP, Steele JJ, Smith C, Spivey L: Training family doctors to recognize psychiatric illness with increased accuracy. Lancet 1980; 2: 521-3.
74. Kaaya S, Goldberg D, Cask L: Management of somatic presentations of psychiatric illness in general medical settings: evaluation of a new training course for general practitioners. Med Educ 1992; 26: 138-44.
75. Adeyemi JD, Jegede RO: Integrating psychiatry into primary care: an experimental model. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1997; 42: 960-5.
76. Carr VJ, Fachmann C, Lewin TJ, Walton JM, Reid AA: Determine the effect that consultation liaison psychiatry in primary care has on family physicians' psychiatric knowledge and practice. Psychosomatics 1997; 38: 217-29.
77. Brown JB, Shye D, McFarland BH, Nichols GA, Mullooly JP, Johnson RE: Controlled trials of CQI and academic detailing to implement a clinical practice guideline for depression. Jt Comm J Qual Improv 2000; 26: 39-54.
78. Lin EH, Katon WH, Simon GE, et al: Achieving guidelines of depression in primary care: is physician education enough? Med Care 1997; 35: 331-2.
79. Rutz W, Walinder J, Eberhard G, et al: An educational program on depressive disorders for general practioners on Gotland: background and evaluation. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1989; 79: 19-26.
80. Rutz W, von Knorring L, Walinder J, Wistedt B: Effect of an educational program for general practitioners on Gotland on the pattern of prescription of psychotropic drugs. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1990; 82: 399-403.
81. Rutz W: Long term effects of an educational program for general practitioners given by the Swedish committee for the prevention and treatment of depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1992; 85: 83-8.
82. Lacy T, Flynn J, Warren D: Supervision and boundaries in a combined family practice and psychiatry residency program, the national capital consortium experience. Acad Psychiatry 2005; 29: 483-9.
83. Warner C, Huzij T, Rachal J, Matuszak, Warner C, Flynn J, Lacy T: Teaching Psychiatry to Primary Care Residents: A One-Year Analysis of a Proposed Curriculum. Poster at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training. March 11-14. New Orleans, LA. 2004.
84. Huzij T, Warner C, Lacy T, Rachal J: Teaching psychiatry to family practice residents. Acad Psychiatry 2005; 29: 479-82.