Vitamin E in renal therapeutic regimens

Pediatric Nephrology

Volumn 21, Issue 12, 2006, Pages 1790-1801

  Thabet, Mohamed Alaa ^a   Chan, James C M ^b,c  

^a ALEXANDRIA UNIVERSITY   (Egypt)

^b Barbara Bush Children's Hospital   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT   (United States)

Author keywords

Alpha tocopherol; Chronic renal insufficiency; Glomerulosclerosis; IgA nephropathy; Vitamin E

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ALPHA TOCOTRIENOL; ASCORBIC ACID; ATORVASTATIN; BETA CAROTENE; BETA TOCOPHEROL; BETA TOCOTRIENOL; CATALASE; CYCLOSPORIN A; DELTA TOCOPHEROL; DELTA TOCOTRIENOL; DOXORUBICIN; ERYTHROPOIETIN; GAMMA TOCOPHEROL; GAMMA TOCOTRIENOL; GLUTATHIONE; GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE; MAGNESIUM; NICOTINAMIDE; RADICAL; RECOMBINANT ERYTHROPOIETIN; SELEGILINE; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; TOCOPHEROL DERIVATIVE; TOCOPHEROXYL RADICAL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ZINC;

ARTIFICIAL KIDNEY; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BLEEDING DISORDER; BLEEDING TENDENCY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION; CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DISEASE CONTROL; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG FATALITY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG SAFETY; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; FOCAL GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; HEMATURIA; HEMODIALYSIS; HUMAN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN A NEPHROPATHY; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; KIDNEY DISEASE; KIDNEY FUNCTION; LIPID PEROXIDATION; MATERIAL COATING; MEDICAL DOCUMENTATION; MUSCLE CRAMP; NEPHROTOXICITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PARKINSON DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; UREMIA;

ANIMALS; HUMANS; KIDNEY DISEASES; VITAMIN E;

EID: 33751012098     PISSN: 0931041X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00467-006-0211-6     Document Type: Review

References (162)

1. Tucker JM, Townsend DM (2005) Alpha-tocopherol: Roles in prevention and therapy of human disease. Biomed Pharmacother 59:380-387
2. Lee IM, Cook NR, Gaziano JM, Gordon D, Ridker PM, Manson JE, Hennekens CH, Buring JE (2005) Vitamin E in the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseaAe and cancer: The Women's Health Study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 294:56-65
3. Pearson PJ, Lewis SA, Britton J, Fogarty A (2004) Vitamin E supplements in asthma: A parallel group randomised placebo controlled trial. Thorax 59:652-656
4. Granot E, Kohen R (2004) Oxidative stress in abetalipoproteinemia patients receiving long-term vitamin E and vitamin A supplementation. Am J Clin Nutr 79:226-230
5. Vajro P, Mandato C, Franzese A, Ciccimarra E, Lucariello S, Savoia M, Capuano G, Migliaro F (2004) Vitamin E treatment in pediatric obesity-related liver disease: A randomized study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 38:48-55
6. Pathak A, Roth P, Piscitelli J, Johnson L (2003) Effects of vitamin E supplementation during erythropoietin treatment of the anaemia of prematurity. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 88:F324-F328
7. Chan JCM, Mahan JD, Trachtman H, Scheinman J, Flynn JT, Alon US, Lande MB, Weiss RA, Norkus EP (2003) Vitamin E therapy in IgA nephropathy: A double-blind, placebo controlled study. Pediatr Nephrol 18:1015-1019
8. Engler MM, Engler MB, Malloy MJ, Chiu EY, Schloetter MC, Paul SM, Stuehlinger M, Lin KY, Cooke JP, Morrow JD, Ridker PM, Rifai N, Miller E, Witztum JL, Mietus-Snyder M (2003). Antioxidant vitamins C and E improve endothelial function in children with hyperlipidemia: Endothelial Assessment of Risk from Lipids in Youth (EARLY) Trial. Circulation 108:1059-1063
9. Tesoriere L, D'Arpa D, Butera D, Allegra M, Renda D, Maggio A, Bongiorno A, Livrea MA (2001) Oral supplements of vitamin E improve measures of oxidative stress in plasma and reduce oxidative damage to LDL and erythrocytes in beta-thalassemia intermedia patients. Free Radical Res 34:529-540
10. Yusuf S, Dagenais G, Pogue J, Bosch J, Sleight P (2000) Vitamin E supplementation and cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 342:154-160
11. Skyrme-Jones RA, O'Brien RC, Berry KL, Meredith IT (2000) Vitamin E supplementation improves endothelial function in type I diabetes mellitus: A randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Am Coll Cardiol 36:94-102
12. Boaz M, Smetana S, Weinstein T, Matas Z, Gafter U, Iaina A (2000) Secondary prevention with antioxidants of cardiovascular disease in end stage renal disease (SPACE): Randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 356:1213-1218
13. Fryer MJ (2000) Vitamin E as a protective antioxidant in progressive renal failure. Nephrology 5:1-7
14. Brigelius-Flohé R, Traber MG (1999) Vitamin E: Function and metabolism. FASEB J 13:1145-1155
15. Singh U, Devaraj S, Jialal I (2005) Vitamin E, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Annu Rev Nutr 25:151-174
16. Singh U, Jialal I (2004) Anti-inflammatory effects of alpha-tocopherol. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1031:195-203
17. Traber MG, Sies H (1996) Vitamin E in humans: Demand and delivery. Annu Rev Nutr 16:321-347
18. Schuelke M, Mayatepek E, Inter M, Becker M, Pfeiffer E, Speer A, Hübner C, Finckh B (1999) Treatment of ataxia in isolated vitamin E deficiency caused by α-tocopherol transfer protein deficiency. J Pediatr 134:240-244
19. Gordon N (2001) Hereditary vitamin-E deficiency. Dev Med Child Neurol 43:133-135
20. Morimoto H, Nakao K, Fukuoka K, Sarai A, Yano A, Kihara T, Fukuda S, Wada J, Makino H (2005) Long-term use of vitamin E-coated polysulfone membrane reduces oxidative stress markers in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 20:2775-2782
21. Vela C, Cristol JP, Ribstein J (2000) Antioxidant supplementation and chronic renal transplant dysfunction. Transplant Proc 32:427-428
22. Tahzib M, Frank R, Gauthier B, Valderrama E, Trachtman H (1999) Vitamin E treatment of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: Results of an open-label study. Pediatr Nephrol 13:649-652
23. Johnson KJ, Rehan A, Ward PA (1987) The role of oxygen radicals in kidney disease and tissue injury. Proc Upjohn Symp:115-121
24. Andreoli S (1991) Reactive oxygen molecules, oxidant injury and kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 5:733-742
25. Stratta P, Canavese C, Dogliani M (1991) The role of free radicals in the progression of kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 17:33-37
26. Morrison AR, Portilla D (1988) Lipid peroxidation and the kidney. In: Chow CK, Raton B (eds) Cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 173-184
27. Miller ER, Pastor-Barriuso R, Dalal D, Riemersna RA, Appel LJ, Guallar E (2005) Meta-analysis: High dose vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann Int Med 142:37-46
28. Thakur V, Walker PD, Shah SV (1988) Evidence suggesting a role for hydroxyl radical in puromycin aminonucleoside-induced proteinuria. Kidney Int 34:494-499
29. Shah S (1989) Role of reactive oxygen metabolites in experimental glomerular disease. Kidney Int 35:1093-1106
30. Trachtman H, Schwob N, Maesaka J, Valderrama E (1995) Dietary vitamin E supplementation ameliorates kidney injury in chronic puromycin aminonucleoside nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephr 5:1811-1819
31. Van den Branden C, Verelst R, Vamecq J, Vanden Houte K, Verbeelen D (1997) Effect of vitamin E on antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation products and glomerulosclerosis in the rat remnant kidney. Nephron 76:77-81
32. Hahn S, Krieg RJ Jr, Hisano S, Chan W, Kuemmerle NB, Saborio P, Chan JC (1999) Vitamin E suppresses oxidative stress and glomerulosclerosis in rat remnant kidney. Pediatr Nephrol 13(3):195-198
33. Mune M, Otani H, Yukawa S (2002) Effects of antioxidants on kidney disease. Mech Aging Dev 123:1041-1046
34. Van den Branden C, Deman A, Ceyssens B, Pauwels M, Empsen C, Verbeelen D (2002) Vitamin E protects renal antioxidant enzymes and attenuates glomerulosclerosis in Adriamycin-treated rats. Nephron 91:129-133
35. Trachtman H, Chan JCM, Chan W, Brandt R, Wakely P, Futterweit S, Maesaka J, Ma C (1996) Vitamin E ameliorates kidney injury in an experimental model of immunoglobulin a nephropathy. Pediatr Res 40:620-626
36. Ward KP, Kuemmerle NB, Krieg RJ Jr, Saboria P, Norkus EP, Chan JCM (2000) Indices of progression of IgA nephropathy are modulated by α-tocopherol in rats. Clin Exp Nephrol 4:187-192
37. Kuemmerle NB, Krieg RJ Jr, Chan W, Trachtman H, Norkus EP, Chan JCM (1999) Influence of α-tocopherol over the time course of experimental IgA nephropathy. Pediatr Nephrol 13:108-112
38. Chade AR, Krier JD, Rodriquez-Porcel M, Breen JF, McKusick MA, Lerman A, Lerman LO (2004) Comparison of acute and chronic antioxidant interventions in experimental renovascular disease. Amer J Physiol 286:F1079-F1086
39. Koya D, Hayashi K, Kitada M, Kashiwagi A, Kikkawa R, Haneda M (2003) Effects of antioxidants in diabetes-induced oxidative stress in the glomeruli of diabetic rats. J Am Soc Nephrol 14:S250-S253
40. Koya D, Lee IK, Ishi H, Kanoh H, King GL (1997) Prevention of glomerular dysfunction in diabetic rats by treatment with d-alpha-tocopherol. J Am Soc Nephrol 8:426-435
41. Cojocel C, Al-Maghrebi M, Thomson MS, Rawoot P, Raghupathy R (2005) Modulation of the transforming growth factor beta1 by vitamin E in early nephropathy. Med Princ Pract 14(6):422-429
42. Montero A, Munger KA, Khan RZ, Valdivielso JM, Morrow JD, Guasch A, Ziyadeh FN, Badr KF (2000) F(2)-isoprostanes mediate high glucose-induced TGF-beta synthesis and glomerular proteinuria in experimental type I diabetes. Kidney Int 58:1963-1972
43. Stulak JM, Lerman A, Porcel MR, Caccitolo JA, Romero JC, Schaff HV, Napoli C, Lerman LO (2001) Renal vascular function in hypercholesterolemia is preserved by chronic antioxidant supplementation. J Am Soc Nephrol 12:1882-1891
44. Traber MG (1999) Vitamin E. In: Shils M, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC (eds) Nutrition in health and disease, 9 edn. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 347-362
45. Islam KN, O'Byrne D, Devaraj S, Palmer B, Grundy SM, Jialal I (2000) Alpha-tocopherol supplementation decreases the oxidative susceptibility of LDL in renal failure patients on dialysis therapy. Atherosclerosis 150:217-224
46. Roob JM, Khoschsorur G, Tiran A, Horina JH, Holzer H, Winklhofer-Roob BM (2000) Vitamin E attenuates oxidative stress induced by intravenous iron in patients on hemodialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 11:539-549
47. Maccarrone M, Meloni C, Manca-di-Villahermosa S, Cococcetta N, Casciani CU, Finazzi-Agro A, Taccone-Gallucci M (2001) Vitamin E suppresses 5-lipoxygenase-mediated oxidative stress in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of hemodialysis patients regardless of administration route. Am J Kidney Dis 37:964-969
48. Cristol JP, Bosc JY, Badiou S, Leblanc M, Lorrho R, Descomps B, Canaud B (1997) Erythropoietin and oxidative stress in haemodialysis: Beneficial effects of vitamin E supplementation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 12:2312-2317
49. Ono K (1985) Effects of large dose vitamin E supplementation on anemia in hemodialysis patients. Nephron 40:440-445
50. Ono K (1985) Reduction of osmotic haemolysis and anaemia by high dose vitamin E supplementation in regular haemodialysis patients. Proc Eur Dial Transplant Assoc Eur Ren Assoc 21:296-299
51. Diepeveen SH, Verhoeven GW, Van Der Palen J, Dikkeschel LD, Van Tits LJ, Kolsters G, Offferman JJ, Bilo HJ, Stalenhoef AF (2005) Effects of atorvastatin and vitamin E on lipoproteins and oxidative stress in dialysis patients: A randomized-controlled trial. J Int Med 257:438-445
52. Wang X, Quinn PJ (1999) Vitamin E and its function in membranes. Prog Lipid Res 38:309-336
53. Erin AN, Spirin MM, Tabidze IV, Kagan VE (1984) Formation of α-tocopherol complexes with fatty acids. A hypothetical mechanism of stabilization of biomembranes by vitamin E. Biochim Biophys Acta 774:96-102
54. Forrest VJ, Kang Y, McClain DE, Robinson DH, Ramakrishnan N (1994) Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis prevented by Trolox. Free Radical Biol Med 16:675-684
55. Huang N, Lineberg B, Stner M (1988) Alpha-tocopherol, a potent modulator of endothelial cell function. Thromb Res 50:547-557
56. Cachia O, Léger CL, Descomps B (1998) Monocyte superoxide production is highly sensitive and inversely related to normal changes of low density lipoprotein in α-tocopherol. Atherosclerosis 138:263-269
57. Luostarinen R, Siegbahn A, Saldeen T (1991) Effects of dietary supplementation with vitamin E on human neutrophil chemotaxis and generation of LTB 4. Upsala J Med Sci 96:103-111
58. Freedman JE, Farhat JH, Loscalzo J, Keaney JFJ (1996) Alpha-tocopherol inhibits aggregation of human platelets by a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism. Circulation 94:2434-2440
59. US Renal Data System (2003) USRDS 2003 Annual Data Report. The National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Diseases, Bethesda, MD
60. North American Pediatric Renal Transplant Cooperative Study (NAPRTCS) (2003) Annual report: Renal transplantation, dialysis, chronic renal insufficiency. EMMES, Rockville, MD
61. McDonald SP, Craig JC (2004) Long-term survival of children with end-stage renal disease. N Engl J Med 350:2654-2662
62. Chavers BM, Li S, Collins AJ, Herzog CA (2002) Cardiovascular disease in pediatric chronic dialysis patients. Kidney Int 62:648-653
63. Groothoff JW, Gruppen MP, Offringa M, Hutten J, Lilien MR, Van De Kar NJ, Wolff ED, Davin JC, Heymans HS (2002) Mortality and causes of death of end-stage renal disease in children: A Dutch cohort study. Kidney Int 61:621-629
64. Parekh RS, Carroll CE, Wolfe RA, Port FK (2002) Cardiovascular mortality in children and young adults with end-stage kidney disease. J Pediatr 141:191-197
65. Mitsnefes MM, Kimball TR, Witt SA, Glascock BJ, Khoury PR, Daniels SR (2003) Left ventricular mass and systolic performance in pediatric patients with chronic renal failure. Circulation 107:864-868
66. Silverstein DM, Palmer J, Polinsky MS, Braas C, Conley SB, Baluarte HJ (2000) Risk factors for hyperlipidemia in long-term pediatric renal transplant recipients. Pediatr Nephrol 14:105-110
67. Mann JF, Lonn EM, Yi Q, Gerstein HC, Hoogwerf BJ, Pogue J, Bosch J, Dagenais GR, Yusuf S, HOPE Investigators (2004) Effects of vitamin E on cardiovascular outcomes in people with mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency: Results of the HOPE study. Kidney Int 65:1375-1380
68. Ghiadoni L, Cupisti A, Huang Y, Mattei P, Cardinal H, Favilla S, Rindi P, Barsotti G, Taddei S, Salvetti A (2004) Endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in chronic renal failure. J Nephrol 17:512-519
69. Yilmaz MI, Saglam M, Caglar K, Cakir E, Sonmez A, Ozgurtas T, Aydin A, Eyileten T, Ozcan O, Acikel C, Tasar M, Genctoy G, Erbil K, Vural A, Zoccali C (2006) The determinants of endothelial dysfunction in CKD: oxidative stress and asymmetric dimethylarginine. Am J Kidney Dis 47:42-50
70. Usberti M, Gerardi GM, Gazzotti RM, Benedini S, Archetti S, Sugherini L, Valentini M, Tira P, Bufano G, Albertini A, Di Lorenzo D (2002) Oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease in dialyzed patients. Nephron 91:25-33
71. Bochev P, Tzvetkov N, Alexandrova M, Magrisso M, Bechev B, Monovich O, Markova V (1997) Development of oxidative stress in chronic kidney insufficiency following the progression of disease. Nephron 77:244-245
72. Zwolinska D, Grzeszczak W, Szczepanska M, Kilis-Pstrusinska K, Szprynger K (2006) Vitamins A, E and C as non-enzymatic antioxidants and their relation to lipid peroxidation in children with chronic renal failure. Nephron Clinical Practice 103:c12-c18
73. Kari JA, Donald AE, Vallace DT, Bruckdorfer KR, Leone A, Mullen MJ, Bunce T, Dorado B, Deanfield JE, Rees L (1997) Physiology and biochemistry of endothelial function in children with chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 52:468-472
74. Annuk M, Lind L, Linde T, Fellström B (2001) Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in renal failure in humans. Nephrol Dial Transplant 16:302-306
75. Saran R, Novak JE, Desai A, Abdulhayoglu E, Warren JS, Bustami R, Handelman GJ, Barbato D, Weitzel W, D'Alecy LG, Rajagopalan S (2003) Impact of vitamin E on plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in chronic kidney disease (CKD): A pilot study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 18:2415-2420
76. Kobayashi S, Moriya H, Aso K, Ohtake T (2003) Vitamin E-bonded hemodialyzer improves atherosclerosis associated with a rheological improvement of circulating red blood cells. Kidney Int 63:1881-1887
77. Panel on Dietary Antioxidants and Related Compounds, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences (2000) Dietary reference intakes for vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and carotenoids. National Academy Press, Washington DC, 249-259
78. Himmelfarb J, Kane J, McMonagle E (2003) Alpha and gamma tocopherol metabolism in healthy subjects and patients with end-stage renal disease. Kidney Int 64:978-991
79. Galli F, Floridi AG, Floridi A, Buoncristiani U (2004) Accumulation of vitamin E metabolites in the blood of renal failure patients. Clin Nutr 23:205-212
80. Muller C, Eisenbrand G, Gradinger M, Rath T, Albert FW, Vienken J, Singh R, Farmer PB, Stockis JP, Janzowski C (2004) Effects of hemodialysis, dialyzer type and iron infusion on oxidative stress in uremic patients. Free Radical Res 38:1093-1100
81. Ward RA, McLeish KR (2003) Oxidant stress in hemodialysis patients: What are the determining factors? Artif Organs 27:230-236
82. Khajehdehi P, Mojerlou M, Behzadi S, Rais-Jalali GA (2001) A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of supplementary vitamins E, C and their combination for treatment of haemodialysis cramps. Nephrol Dial Transplant 16:1448-1451
83. Mydlik M, Derzstova K, Racz O, Sipulova A, Boldizsar J, Lovasova E, Hribikova M (2002) Vitamin E as an antioxidant agent in CAPD patients. Int J Artif Organs 25:373-378
84. Yang CC, Hsu SP, Wu MS, Hsu SM, Chien CT (2006) Effects of vitamin C infusion and vitamin E-coated membrane on hemodialysis-induced oxidative stress. Kidney Int 69:706-714
85. Clermont G, Lecour S, Cabanne JF, Motte G, Guilland JC, Chevet D, Rochette L (2001) Vitamin E-coated dialyzer reduces oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients. Free Radical Biol Med 31:233-241
86. Satoh M, Yamasaki Y, Nagake Y, Kasahara J, Hashimoto M, Nakanishi N, Makino H (2001) Oxidative stress is reduced by the long-term use of vitamin E-coated dialysis filters. Kidney Int 59:1943-1950
87. Miyazaki H, Matsuoka H, Itabe H, Usui M, Ueda S, Okuda S, Imaizumi T (2000) Hemodialysis impairs endothelial function via oxidative stress: effects of vitamin E-coated dialyzer. Circulation 101:1002-1006
88. Girndt M, Lengler S, Kaul H, Sester U, Sester M, Kohler H (2000) Prospective crossover trial of the influence of vitamin E-coated dialyzer membranes on T-cell activation and cytokine induction. Am J Kidney Dis 35:95-104
89. Nakamura T, Kawagoe Y, Matsuda T, Takahashi Y, Sekizuka K, Ebihara I, Koide H (2003) Effects of LDL apheresis and vitamin E-modified membrane on carotid atherosclerosis in hemodialyzed patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans. Kidney Blood Press Res 26:185-191
90. Zoccali C, Bode-Boger S, Mallamaci F, Benedetto F, Tripepi G, Malatino L, Cataliotti A, Bellanuova I, Fermo I, Frolich J, Boger R (2001) Plasma concentration of asymmetrical dimethylarginine and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease: A prospective study. Lancet 358:2113-2117
91. Maccarrone M, Taccone-Gallucci M, Finazzi-Agro A (2003) 5-Lipoxygenase-mediated mitochondrial damage and apoptosis of mononuclear cells in ESRD patients. Kidney Int Suppl 84:S33-S36
92. Al-Jondeby MS, Cabaguing IT, Pajarillo AA, Hawas FA, Mousa DH, Al-Sulaiman MM, Shaheen FA, Al-Khader AA (2003) Comparative crossover controlled study using polysulphone and vitamin E coated dialyzers. Saudi Med J 24:265-268
93. Bonnefont-Rousselot D, Lehmann E, Jaudon MC, Delattre J, Perrone B, Rechke JP (2000) Blood oxidative stress and lipoprotein oxidizability in haemodialysis patients: Effect of the use of a vitamin E-coated dialysis membrane. Nephrol Dial Transplant 15:2020-2028
94. Galli F, Rovidati S, Chiarantini L, Campus G, Canestrari F, Buoncristiani U (1998) Bioreactivity and biocompatibility of a vitamin E-modified multilayer hemodialysis filter. Kidney Int 54:580-589
95. Morena M, Cristol JP, Descomps B, Canaud B (1999) Does vitamin E bound on dialysis membrane improve the LDL susceptibility to oxidation? Lessons from an in vitro model. In: Ronco C, La Greca G (eds) Vitamin E-bonded membrane: A further step in dialysis optimization. Contrib Nephrol Karger Basel 127:128-138
96. Mune M, Yukawa S, Kishino M, Otani H, Kimura K, Nishikawa O, Takhashi T, Kodama N, Saika Y, Yamada Y (1999) Effect of vitamin E on lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis in ESRD patients. Kidney Int 56(Suppl 71):S126-S129
97. Smith KS, Lee CL, Ridlington JW, Leonard SW, Devaraj S, Traber MG (2003) Vitamin E supplementation increases circulating vitamin E metabolites tenfold in end-stage renal disease patients. Lipids 38:813-819
98. Túri S, Nemeth I, Varga I, Matkovics B (1999) Erythropoietin and oxidative stress in haemodialysis: Beneficial effects of vitamin E supplementation. Nephrol Dial Transpl 14:252-253
99. Nemeth I, Turi S, Haszon I, Bereczki C (2000) Vitamin E alleviates the oxidative stress of erythropoietin in uremic children on hemodialysis. Pediatr Nephrol 14:13-17
100. Usberti M, Gerardi G, Micheli A, Tira P, Bufano G, Gaggia P, Moville E, Cancarini GC, DeMarinis S, D'Avolio G, Broccolli R, Manganoni A, Albertini A, DiLorenzo D (2002) Effects of a vitamin bonded membrane and of glutathione on anemia and erythropoietin requirements in hemodialysis patients. J Nephrol 15:558-564
101. Triolo L, Malaguti M, Ansali F, Comunian MC, Arcangeloni O, Coppolino F, Marrocco F, Sicoli R, Biagini M (2003) Vitamin E-bonded cellulose membrane, lipoperoxidation, and anemia in hemodialysis patients. Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotech 31:185-191
102. Ha H, Kim KH (1999) Pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy: The role of oxidative stress and protein kinase C. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 45:147-151
103. Baynes J, Thorpe S (1999) The role of oxidative stress in diabetic complications: A new perspective on an old paradigm. Diabetes 48:1-9
104. Guigliano DA, Ceriello A, Paolisso G (1996) Oxidative stress and diabetic vascular complications. Diabetes Care 19:257-267
105. Jialal I, Devaraj S, Venugopal SK (2002) Oxidative stress, inflammation, and diabetic vasculopathies: The role of alpha tocopherol therapy. Free Radical Res 36:1331-1336
106. Rosen P, Toeller M (1999) Vitamin E in diabetes: Increased oxidative stress and its prevention as a strategy to prevent vascular complications? Int J Vitam Nutr Res 69:206-212
107. Pinkney JH, Downs L, Hopton M, Mackness MI, Bolton CH (1999) Endothelial dysfunction in Type 1 diabetes mellitus: Relationship with LDL oxidation and the effects of vitamin E. Diabet Med 16:993-999
108. Upritchard JE, Sutherland WH, Mann JI (2000) Effect of supplementation with tomato juice, vitamin E, and vitamin C on LDL oxidation and products of inflammatory activity in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 23:733-738
109. Devaraj S, Jialal I (2000) Alpha tocopherol supplementation decreases CRP and Mo IL-6 from DM-2. Free Radical Biol Med 29:790-792
110. Devaraj S, Chan AV Jr, Jialal I (2002) Alpha tocopherol supplementation decreases plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and P-selectin levels in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 25:524-529
111. Gerstein HC, Bosch J, Pogue J, Taylor DW, Zinman B, Yusuf S (1996) Rationale and design of a large study to evaluate the renal and cardiovascular effects of an ACE inhibitor and vitamin E in high-risk patients with diabetes. The MICRO-HOPE Study. Microalbuminuria, Cardiovascular, and Renal Outcomes. Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation. Diabetes Care 19:1225-1228
112. Bursell SE, Clermont AC, Aiello LP, Aiello LM, Schlossman DK, Feener EP, Laffel L, King GL (1999) High-dose vitamin E supplementation normalizes retinal blood flow and creatinine clearance in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 22:1245-1251
113. Crino A, Schiaffini R, Manfrini S, Mesturino C, Visalli N, Beretta Anguissola G, Suraci C, Pitocco D, Spera S, Corbi S, Matteoli MC, Patera IP, Manca Bitti ML, Bizzarri C, Pozzilli P, IMDIAB group (2004) A randomized trial of nicotinamide and vitamin E in children with recent onset type 1 diabetes (IMDIAB IX). Eur J Endocrinol 150:719-724
114. The Writing Team for the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/ Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Research Group (2002) Effect of intensive therapy on the microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus. JAMA 287:2563-2569
115. Gaede P, Poulsen HE, Parving HH, Pedersen O (2001) Double-blind, randomised study of the effect of combined treatment with vitamin C and E on albuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabet Med 18:756-760
116. Farvid MS, Jalali M, Siassi F, Hosseini M (2005) Comparison of the effects of vitamins and/or mineral supplementation on glomerular and tubular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 28:2458-2464
117. Aakhus S, Dahl K, Wideroe TE (1999) Cardiovascular morbidity and risk factors in renal transplant patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 14:648-654
118. Kim YH, Mun KC, Lee SS, Seo SH, Kwak CS, Park SB, Kim HC (2000) Oxidative damage in renal transplant patients. Transplant Proc 32:1777-1778
119. Rabl H, Khoschsorur G, Colombo T (1993) A multivitamin infusion prevents lipid peroxidation and improves transplantation performance. Kidney Int 43:912-917
120. Williams MJ, Sutherland WH, McCormick MP, de Jong SA, McDonald JR, Walker RJ (2001) Vitamin C improves endothelial dysfunction in renal allograft recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 16:1251-1255
121. Hussein O, Rosenblat M, Refael G, Aviram M (1997) Dietary selenium increases cellular glutathione peroxidase activity and reduces the enhanced susceptibility to lipid peroxidation of plasma and low-density lipoprotein in kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation 63:679-685
122. Blackhall ML, Coombes JS, Fassett R (2004) The relationship between antioxidant supplements and oxidative stress in renal transplant recipients: A review. ASAIO J 50:451-457
123. Sutherland WH, Walker RJ, De-Jong SA, Upritchard JE (1999) Supplementation with tomato juice increases plasma lycopene but does not alter susceptibility to oxidation of low-density lipoproteins from renal transplant recipients. Clin Nephrol 52:30-36
124. Bandyopadhyay D, Chattopadhyay A, Ghosh G, Datta AG (2004) Oxidative stress-induced ischemic heart disease: Protection by antioxidants. Curr Med Chem 11:369-387
125. Coombes JS, Powers SK, Demirel HA, Jessup J, Vincent HK, Hamilton KL, Naito H, Shanley RA, Sen CK, Packer L, Ji LL (2000) Effect of combined supplementation with vitamin E and alpha-lipoic acid on myocardial performance during in vivo ischemia-reperfusion. Acta Physiol Scand 169:261-269
126. Blackhall MR, Fassett RG, Sharman JE, Geraghty DP, Coombes JS (2005) Effects of antioxidant supplementation on blood cyclosporin A and glomerular filtration rate in renal transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 20:1970-1975
127. Kashem A, Masayuki E, Nomoto Y (1994) FcαR expression on polymorphonuclear leukocyte and superoxide generation in IgA nephropathy. Kidney Int 45:868-875
128. Chen A, Chen WP, Sheu LF, Lin CY (1994) Pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy: in-vitro activation of human mesangial cells by IgA immuno complex leads to cytokine secretion. J Path 173:119-126
129. Diamond JR (1991) Analogous pathobiologic mechanisms in glomerulosclerosis and atherosclerosis. Kidney Int Suppl 31:S29-S34
130. Parra T, de-Arriba G, Arribas I, Perez de Lema G, Rodriguez-Puyol D, Rodriguez-Puyol M (1998) Cyclosporine A nephrotoxicity: Role of thromboxane and reactive oxygen species. J Lab Clin Med 131:63-70
131. Parra T, Conejo GJR, Carballo AF, de-Arriba G (2003) Antioxidant nutrients protect against cyclosporine A nephrotoxicity. Toxicology 189:99-111
132. Wang C, Salahudeen AK (1995) Lipid peroxidation accompanies cyclosporine nephrotoxicity: Effects of vitamin E. Kidney Int 47:927-934
133. Jenkins JK, Huang H, Ndebele K, Salahudeen AK (2001) Vitamin E inhibits renal mRNA expression of COX II, HO I, TGFbeta, and osteopontin in the rat model of cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. Transplantation 71:331-334
134. Barany P, Sstenvinkel P, Ottosson-Seeberger A, Alvestrand A, Morrow J, Roberts JJ, Salahudeen AK (2001) Effect of 6 weeks of vitamin E administration on renal haemodynamic alterations following a single dose of neural in healthy volunteers. Nephrol Dialysis Transpl 16:580-584
135. McQueen MJ, Lonn E, Gerstein HC, Bosch J, Yusuf S (2005) The HOPE (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation) Study and its consequences. Scand J Clin Lab Invest Supp 240:140-156
136. GISSI-Prevenzione Investigators (1999) Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico. Lancet 354:447-455
137. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group (2002) MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in 20,536 high-risk individuals: A randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 360:23-33
138. Stampfer M, Hennekens C, Manson J, Colditz G, Rosner B, Willett W (1993) Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary disease in women. N Engl J Med 328:1444-1449
139. Rimm, ER, Stampfer MJ, Ascherio A, Giovannucci E, Colditz GA, Willett WC (1993) Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. N Engl J Med 328:1450-1456
140. Devaraj S, Jialal I (2005) Failure of vitamin E in clinical trials: Is gamma-tocopherol the answer? Nutr Rev 63:290-293
141. Jiang Q, Elson-Schwab I, Courtemance C, Ames BN (2000) Gamma-tocopherol and its major metabolite, in contrast to alpha-tocopherol, inhibit cyclooxygenase activity in macrophages and epithelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:11494-11499
142. Cooney RV, Franke AA, Harwood PJ, Hatch-Pigott V, Custer LJ, Mordan LJ (1993) Gamma-tocopherol detoxification of nitrogen dioxide: Superiority to alpha-tocopherol. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:1771-1775
143. Stephens NG, Parsons A, Schofield PM, Kelly F, Cheeseman K, Mitchinson MJ (1996) Randomized controlled trial of vitamin E in patients with coronary disease: Cambridge Heart Antioxidant Study (CHAOS). Lancet 347:781-786
144. Kontush A, Finckh B, Karten B, Kohlschütter A, Beisiegel U (1996) Antioxidant and pro-oxidant activity of α-tocopherol in human plasma and low density lipoprotein. J Lipid Res 37:1436-1448
145. Shekelle PG, Morton SC, Jungvig LK, Udani J, Spar M, Tu W (2004) Effect of supplemental vitamin E for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. J Gen Intern Med 19:380-389
146. Eidelman RS, Hollar D, Hebert PR, Lamas GA, Hennekens CH (2004) Randomized trials of vitamin E in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Arch Intern Med 164:1552-1556
147. Vivekananthan DP, Penn MS, Sapp SK, Hsu A, Topol EJ (2003) Use of antioxidant vitamins for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet 361:2017-2023
148. Marras C, McDermott MP, Rochon PA, Tanner CM, Naglie G, Rudolph A (2005) Survival in Parkinson disease: Thirteen-year follow-up of the DATATOP cohort. Neurology 64:87-93
149. Sano M, Ernesto C, Thomas RG, Klauber MR, Schafer K, Grundman M (1997) A controlled trial of selegiline, alpha-tocopherol, or both as treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study. N Engl J Med 336:1216-1222
150. de Gaetano G, Collaborative Group of the Primary Prevention Project (2001) Low-dose aspirin and vitamin E in people at cardiovascular risk: a randomized trial in general practice. Collaborative Group of the Primary Prevention Project. Lancet 357:89-95
151. Taylor HR, Tikellis G, Robman LD, McCarty CA, McNeil J (2002) Vitamin E supplementation and macular degeneration: Randomized controlled trial. BMJ 325:11
152. Hathcock JN (1997) Vitamins and minerals: Efficacy and safety. Am J Clin Nutr 66:427-423
153. Brigelius-Flohe R, Kelly FJ, Salonen JT, Neuzil J, Zingg JM, Azzi A (2002) The European perspective on vitamin E: Current knowledge and future research. Am J Clin Nutr 76:703-716
154. Feranchak AP, Sontag MK, Wagener JS, Hammond KB, Accurso FJ, Sokol RJ (1999) Prospective, long-term study of fat-soluble vitamin status in children with cystic fibrosis identified by newborn screen. J Pediatr 135:601-610
155. Roongpraiwan R, Suthutvoravut U, Feungpean B, Phuapradit P (2002) Effect of oral vitamin E supplementation in children with cholestasis. J Med Assoc Thai 85(Suppl 4):S1199-S1205
156. Sokol RJ, Guggenheim M, Iannaccone ST, Barkhaus PE, Miller C, Silverman A, Balistreri WF, Heubi JE (1985) Improved neurologic function after long-term correction of vitamin E deficiency in children with chronic cholestasis. N Engl J Med 313:1580-1586
157. Sokol RJ, Heubi JE, Butler-Simon N, McClung HJ, Lilly JR, Silverman A (1987) Treatment of vitamin E deficiency during chronic childhood cholestasis with oral d-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol-1000 succinate. Gastroenterology 93:975-985
158. Muller DP, Lloyd JK, Bird AC (1977) Long-term management of abetalipoproteinaemia. Possible role for vitamin E. Arch Dis Child 52:209-214
159. Runge P, Muller DP, McAllister J, Calver D, Lloyd JK, Taylor D (1986) Oral vitamin E supplements can prevent the retinopathy of abetalipoproteinaemia. Br J Ophthalmol 70:166-173
160. Doria-Lamba L, De Grandis E, Cristiani E, Fiocchi I, Montaldi L, Grosso P, Gellera C (2006) Efficacious vitamin E treatment in a child with ataxia with isolated vitamin E deficiency. Eur J Pediatr 165:494-495
161. Aparicio JM, Belanger-Quintana A, Suàrez L, Mayo D, Benìtez J, Dìaz M, Escobar H (2001) Ataxia with isolated Vitamin E deficiency: Case report and review of the Literature. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 33:206-210
162. Acuff RV, Thedford SS, Hidiroglou NN, Papas AM, Odom TAJ (1994) Relative bioavailability of RRR- and all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate in humans: studies using deuterated compounds. Am J Clin Nutr 60:397-402