메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 305, Issue 11, 2006, Pages 953-963

Stability, limb coordination and substrate type: The ecorelevance of gait sequence pattern in primates

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; ECOSYSTEM; FORELIMB; GAIT; HINDLIMB; LOCOMOTION; PHYSIOLOGY; PRIMATE;

EID: 33751006975     PISSN: 15488969     EISSN: 1552499X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jez.a.336     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (53)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 0001813977 scopus 로고
    • Arboreal adaptations and the origin of the order primates
    • Tuttle R, editor. Chicago, IL: Aldine
    • Cartmill M. 1972. Arboreal adaptations and the origin of the order primates. In: Tuttle R, editor. The functional and evolutionary biology of primates. Chicago, IL: Aldine. p 97-122.
    • (1972) The Functional and Evolutionary Biology of Primates , pp. 97-122
    • Cartmill, M.1
  • 2
    • 1842537422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor modes of primates at moderate speeds. II. Analysis of support patterns
    • Cartmill M. 2003. Locomotor modes of primates at moderate speeds. II. Analysis of support patterns. Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl 36:75.
    • (2003) Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl , vol.36 , pp. 75
    • Cartmill, M.1
  • 3
    • 0036828403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Support polygons and symmetrical gaits in mammals
    • Cartmill M, Lemelin P, Schmitt DO. 2002. Support polygons and symmetrical gaits in mammals. Zool J Linn Soc 136:401-420.
    • (2002) Zool J Linn Soc , vol.136 , pp. 401-420
    • Cartmill, M.1    Lemelin, P.2    Schmitt, D.O.3
  • 6
    • 0002037293 scopus 로고
    • Size- and speed-related aspects of quadrupedal walking in slender and slow lorises
    • Jouffroy FK, Stack MH, Niemitz C, editors. Florence: Il Sedicesimo
    • Demes B, Jungers WL, Nieschalk U. 1990. Size- and speed-related aspects of quadrupedal walking in slender and slow lorises. In: Jouffroy FK, Stack MH, Niemitz C, editors. Gravity, posture and locomotion in primates. Florence: Il Sedicesimo. p 175-197.
    • (1990) Gravity, Posture and Locomotion in Primates , pp. 175-197
    • Demes, B.1    Jungers, W.L.2    Nieschalk, U.3
  • 8
    • 0031900320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of posture and locomotion in free-ranging primates
    • Dunbar DC, Badam GL. 1998. Development of posture and locomotion in free-ranging primates. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 22:541-546.
    • (1998) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.22 , pp. 541-546
    • Dunbar, D.C.1    Badam, G.L.2
  • 9
    • 0033831794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotion and posture during terminal branch feeding
    • Dunbar DC, Badam GL. 2000. Locomotion and posture during terminal branch feeding. Int J Primatol 21:649-669.
    • (2000) Int J Primatol , vol.21 , pp. 649-669
    • Dunbar, D.C.1    Badam, G.L.2
  • 10
    • 0019297590 scopus 로고
    • Locomotion of the slow loris in a designed substrate context
    • Dykyj D. 1980. Locomotion of the slow loris in a designed substrate context. Am J Phys Anthropol 52:577-586.
    • (1980) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.52 , pp. 577-586
    • Dykyj, D.1
  • 12
    • 85047674604 scopus 로고
    • Locomotor control in macaque monkeys
    • Eidelberg E, Walden JG, Nguyen LH. 1981. Locomotor control in macaque monkeys. Brain 104:647-653.
    • (1981) Brain , vol.104 , pp. 647-653
    • Eidelberg, E.1    Walden, J.G.2    Nguyen, L.H.3
  • 14
    • 0000024840 scopus 로고
    • A mechanical interpretation of terminal branch feeding
    • Grand TI. 1972. A mechanical interpretation of terminal branch feeding. J Mamm 53:198-201.
    • (1972) J Mamm , vol.53 , pp. 198-201
    • Grand, T.I.1
  • 15
    • 0003096168 scopus 로고
    • Motion economy within the canopy: Four strategies for mobility
    • New York: Columbia University Press
    • Grand TI. 1984. Motion economy within the canopy: four strategies for mobility. In: Adaptations for foraging in nonhuman primates. New York: Columbia University Press, p 54-72.
    • (1984) Adaptations for Foraging in Nonhuman Primates , pp. 54-72
    • Grand, T.I.1
  • 16
    • 0002637745 scopus 로고
    • Studies in the mechanics of the tetrapod skeleton
    • Gray J. 1944. Studies in the mechanics of the tetrapod skeleton. J Exp Biol 30:88-116.
    • (1944) J Exp Biol , vol.30 , pp. 88-116
    • Gray, J.1
  • 17
    • 1842433046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of speed and gait changes on vertical peak forces in primates
    • Hanna JB, Schmitt D, Lemelin P. 2003. The effect of speed and gait changes on vertical peak forces in primates. Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl 36:108.
    • (2003) Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl , vol.36 , pp. 108
    • Hanna, J.B.1    Schmitt, D.2    Lemelin, P.3
  • 18
    • 0013843364 scopus 로고
    • Symmetrical gaits of horses
    • Hildebrand M. 1965. Symmetrical gaits of horses. Science 150:701-708.
    • (1965) Science , vol.150 , pp. 701-708
    • Hildebrand, M.1
  • 19
    • 0001917822 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the symmetrical gaits of tetrapods
    • Hildebrand M. 1966. Analysis of the symmetrical gaits of tetrapods. Fol Biotheor 6:1-22.
    • (1966) Fol Biotheor , vol.6 , pp. 1-22
    • Hildebrand, M.1
  • 20
    • 84981814749 scopus 로고
    • Symmetrical gaits of primates
    • Hildebrand M. 1967. Symmetrical gaits of primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 26:119-130.
    • (1967) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.26 , pp. 119-130
    • Hildebrand, M.1
  • 21
    • 0000697678 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of tetrapod gaits: General consideration and symmetrical gaits
    • Herman RM, Grillner S, Stein PSG, Stuart DC, editors. New York: Plenum Press
    • Hildebrand M. 1976. Analysis of tetrapod gaits: general consideration and symmetrical gaits. In: Herman RM, Grillner S, Stein PSG, Stuart DC, editors. Neural control of locomotion. New York: Plenum Press. p 203-236.
    • (1976) Neural Control of Locomotion , pp. 203-236
    • Hildebrand, M.1
  • 22
    • 0000573666 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of asymmetrical gaits
    • Hildebrand M. 1977. Analysis of asymmetrical gaits. J Mammal 58:131-156.
    • (1977) J Mammal , vol.58 , pp. 131-156
    • Hildebrand, M.1
  • 23
    • 0003158636 scopus 로고
    • Walking and running
    • Hildebrand M, Bramble DM, Liem KF, Wake DB, editors. Cambridge: Harvard Belknap Press
    • Hildebrand M. 1985. Walking and running. In: Hildebrand M, Bramble DM, Liem KF, Wake DB, editors. Functional vertebrate morphology. Cambridge: Harvard Belknap Press, p 38-57.
    • (1985) Functional Vertebrate Morphology , pp. 38-57
    • Hildebrand, M.1
  • 24
    • 84996081036 scopus 로고
    • Diagonal walking in captive infant vervet monkeys
    • Hurov JR. 1982. Diagonal walking in captive infant vervet monkeys. Am J Primatol 2:211-213.
    • (1982) Am J Primatol , vol.2 , pp. 211-213
    • Hurov, J.R.1
  • 25
    • 0021802561 scopus 로고
    • Interlimb coordination and gait in the brown lemur (Lemur fulvus) and the talapoin monkey (Miopithecus talapoin)
    • Jungers WL, Anapol FC. 1985. Interlimb coordination and gait in the brown lemur (Lemur fulvus) and the talapoin monkey (Miopithecus talapoin). Am J Phys Anthropol 67:89-97.
    • (1985) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.67 , pp. 89-97
    • Jungers, W.L.1    Anapol, F.C.2
  • 26
    • 0000688189 scopus 로고
    • Body proportions, skeletal allometry and locomotion in the Hadar hominids: A reply to Wolpoff
    • Jungers WL, Stern JT. 1983. Body proportions, skeletal allometry and locomotion in the Hadar hominids: a reply to Wolpoff. J Hum Evol 12:673-684.
    • (1983) J Hum Evol , vol.12 , pp. 673-684
    • Jungers, W.L.1    Stern, J.T.2
  • 27
    • 0000759336 scopus 로고
    • Kinesiological characteristics of primate walking: Its significance in human walking
    • Morbeck ME, Preuschoft H, Gomberg N, editors. New York: G. Fischer
    • Kimura T, Okada M, Ishida H. 1979. Kinesiological characteristics of primate walking: its significance in human walking. In: Morbeck ME, Preuschoft H, Gomberg N, editors. Environment, behavior and morphology: dynamic interactions in primates. New York: G. Fischer. p 297-311.
    • (1979) Environment, Behavior and Morphology: Dynamic Interactions in Primates , pp. 297-311
    • Kimura, T.1    Okada, M.2    Ishida, H.3
  • 28
    • 0036063578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hand and body position during locomotor behavior in the Aye-Aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis)
    • Krakauer E, Lemelin P, Schmitt D. 2002. Hand and body position during locomotor behavior in the Aye-Aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis). Am J Primatol 57:105-118.
    • (2002) Am J Primatol , vol.57 , pp. 105-118
    • Krakauer, E.1    Lemelin, P.2    Schmitt, D.3
  • 30
    • 0002221813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unique aspects of quadrupedal locomotion in nonhuman primates
    • Strasser E, Rosenberger AL, McHenry HM, Fleagle JG, editors. New York: Plenum Press
    • Larson SG. 1998. Unique aspects of quadrupedal locomotion in nonhuman primates. In: Strasser E, Rosenberger AL, McHenry HM, Fleagle JG, editors. Primate locomotion: recent advances. New York: Plenum Press. p 157-173.
    • (1998) Primate Locomotion: Recent Advances , pp. 157-173
    • Larson, S.G.1
  • 31
    • 0034007331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uniqueness of primate forelimb posture during quadrupedal locomotion
    • Larson SG, Schmitt D, Lemelin P, Hamrick M. 2000. Uniqueness of primate forelimb posture during quadrupedal locomotion. Am J Phys Anthropol 112:87-101.
    • (2000) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.112 , pp. 87-101
    • Larson, S.G.1    Schmitt, D.2    Lemelin, P.3    Hamrick, M.4
  • 32
    • 0034759687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limb excursion during quadrupedal walking: How do primates compare to other mammals?
    • Larson SG, Schmitt D, Lemelin P, Hamrick M. 2001. Limb excursion during quadrupedal walking: how do primates compare to other mammals? J Zool Lond 255:353-365.
    • (2001) J Zool Lond , vol.255 , pp. 353-365
    • Larson, S.G.1    Schmitt, D.2    Lemelin, P.3    Hamrick, M.4
  • 33
    • 2442540304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of mass distribution on the mechanics of level trotting in dogs
    • Lee DV, Stakebake EF, Walter RM, Carrier DR. 2004. Effects of mass distribution on the mechanics of level trotting in dogs. J Exp Biol 207:1715-1728.
    • (2004) J Exp Biol , vol.207 , pp. 1715-1728
    • Lee, D.V.1    Stakebake, E.F.2    Walter, R.M.3    Carrier, D.R.4
  • 36
    • 33750988368 scopus 로고
    • Los andares cuadrupedales y dipedales del hombra y del mono
    • Magne de la Croix P. 1929. Los andares cuadrupedales y dipedales del hombra y del mono. Sen Med 36:1581-1588.
    • (1929) Sen Med , vol.36 , pp. 1581-1588
    • Magne De La Croix, P.1
  • 37
    • 0026064459 scopus 로고
    • Kinematics of the cercopithecine foot on arboreal and terrestrial substrates with implications for the interpretation of hominid terrestrial adaptations
    • Meldrum DJ. 1991. Kinematics of the cercopithecine foot on arboreal and terrestrial substrates with implications for the interpretation of hominid terrestrial adaptations. Am J Phys Anthropol 84:273-289.
    • (1991) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.84 , pp. 273-289
    • Meldrum, D.J.1
  • 38
    • 0004175918 scopus 로고
    • Reprinted by L.S. Brown, ed., 1957. New York: Dover Publications
    • Muybridge E. 1887. Animals in motion. Reprinted by L.S. Brown, ed., 1957. New York: Dover Publications.
    • (1887) Animals in Motion
    • Muybridge, E.1
  • 39
    • 2742610303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Footfall patterns in the early development of quadrupedal walking of Japanese macaques
    • Nakano Y. 1996. Footfall patterns in the early development of quadrupedal walking of Japanese macaques. Folia Primatol 66:113-125.
    • (1996) Folia Primatol , vol.66 , pp. 113-125
    • Nakano, Y.1
  • 40
    • 2742594692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size influences on primate locomotion and body shape, with special emphasis on the locomotion of 'small mammals'
    • Preuschoft H, Witte H, Christian A, Fischer M. 1996. Size influences on primate locomotion and body shape, with special emphasis on the locomotion of 'small mammals'. Folia Primatol 66:93-112.
    • (1996) Folia Primatol , vol.66 , pp. 93-112
    • Preuschoft, H.1    Witte, H.2    Christian, A.3    Fischer, M.4
  • 41
    • 0013802145 scopus 로고
    • The methodology of gait analysis and gaits of monkeys
    • Prost JH. 1965. The methodology of gait analysis and gaits of monkeys. Am J Phys Anthropol 23:215-240.
    • (1965) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.23 , pp. 215-240
    • Prost, J.H.1
  • 42
    • 84981829924 scopus 로고
    • Monkey locomotion on inclined surfaces
    • Prost JH, Sussman RW. 1969. Monkey locomotion on inclined surfaces. Am J Phys Anthropol 31:53-58.
    • (1969) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.31 , pp. 53-58
    • Prost, J.H.1    Sussman, R.W.2
  • 43
    • 3042717222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convergence of forelimb and hindlimb natural pendular period in baboons (Papio cynocephalus) and its implication for the evolution of primate quadrupedalism
    • Raichlen DA. 2004. Convergence of forelimb and hindlimb natural pendular period in baboons (Papio cynocephalus) and its implication for the evolution of primate quadrupedalism. J Hum Evol 46:719-738.
    • (2004) J Hum Evol , vol.46 , pp. 719-738
    • Raichlen, D.A.1
  • 44
    • 24644518584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of limb mass distribution on the ontogeny of quadrupedalism in infant baboons (Papio cynocephalus) and implication for the evolution of primate quadrupedalism
    • Raichlen DA. 2005. Effects of limb mass distribution on the ontogeny of quadrupedalism in infant baboons (Papio cynocephalus) and implication for the evolution of primate quadrupedalism. J Hum Evol 49:415-431.
    • (2005) J Hum Evol , vol.49 , pp. 415-431
    • Raichlen, D.A.1
  • 45
    • 0037704937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating kinetic and kinematic approaches to the analysis of terrestrial locomotion
    • Bells VL, Gasc JP, Casinos A, editors. Oxford: BIOS Scientific Press
    • Reilly SM, Biknevicius AR. 2003. Integrating kinetic and kinematic approaches to the analysis of terrestrial locomotion. In: Bells VL, Gasc JP, Casinos A, editors. Vertebrate biomechanics and evolution. Oxford: BIOS Scientific Press. p 243-265.
    • (2003) Vertebrate Biomechanics and Evolution , pp. 243-265
    • Reilly, S.M.1    Biknevicius, A.R.2
  • 46
    • 0030697305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sprawling locomotion in the lizard Sceloporus clarki: The effects of speed on gait, hind limb kinematics, and axial bending during walking
    • Reilly SM, Delancey MJ. 1997. Sprawling locomotion in the lizard Sceloporus clarki:the effects of speed on gait, hind limb kinematics, and axial bending during walking. J Zool Lond 243:417-433.
    • (1997) J Zool Lond , vol.243 , pp. 417-433
    • Reilly, S.M.1    Delancey, M.J.2
  • 47
    • 0021921059 scopus 로고
    • Mechanics of increased support of weight by the hind limbs in primates
    • Reynolds TR. 1985. Mechanics of increased support of weight by the hind limbs in primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 67:335-349.
    • (1985) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.67 , pp. 335-349
    • Reynolds, T.R.1
  • 48
    • 0023080577 scopus 로고
    • Stride length and its determinants in humans, early hominids, primates, and mammals
    • Reynolds TR. 1987. Stride length and its determinants in humans, early hominids, primates, and mammals. Am J Phys Anthropol 72:101-115.
    • (1987) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.72 , pp. 101-115
    • Reynolds, T.R.1
  • 50
    • 0000393331 scopus 로고
    • Comparative aspects of primate locomotion with special reference to arboreal cercopithecines
    • Rollinson J, Martin RD. 1981. Comparative aspects of primate locomotion with special reference to arboreal cercopithecines. Symp Zool Soc Lond 48:377-427.
    • (1981) Symp Zool Soc Lond , vol.48 , pp. 377-427
    • Rollinson, J.1    Martin, R.D.2
  • 51
    • 0001044072 scopus 로고
    • Quadrupedalism in primates
    • Rose MD. 1973. Quadrupedalism in primates. Primates 14:337-357.
    • (1973) Primates , vol.14 , pp. 337-357
    • Rose, M.D.1
  • 52
    • 25844485934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hind limb proportions and kinematics: Are small primates different from other small mammals
    • Schmidt M. 2005. Hind limb proportions and kinematics: are small primates different from other small mammals. J Exp Biol 208:3367-3383.
    • (2005) J Exp Biol , vol.208 , pp. 3367-3383
    • Schmidt, M.1
  • 53
    • 0032996976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compliant walking in primates
    • Schmitt D. 1999. Compliant walking in primates. J Zool 248:149-160.
    • (1999) J Zool , vol.248 , pp. 149-160
    • Schmitt, D.1
  • 54
    • 0037493095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary implications of the unusual walking mechanics of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)
    • Schmitt D. 2003. Evolutionary implications of the unusual walking mechanics of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Am J Phys Anthropol 122:28-37.
    • (2003) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.122 , pp. 28-37
    • Schmitt, D.1
  • 55
    • 0036085879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origins of primate locomotion: Gait mechanics of the woolly opossum
    • Schmitt D, Lemelin P. 2002. Origins of primate locomotion: gait mechanics of the woolly opossum. Am J Phys Anthropol 118:231-238.
    • (2002) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.118 , pp. 231-238
    • Schmitt, D.1    Lemelin, P.2
  • 56
    • 3342939779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor mechanics of the slender loris (Loris tardigradus)
    • Schmitt D, Lemelin P. 2004. Locomotor mechanics of the slender loris (Loris tardigradus). J Hum Evol 47:85-94.
    • (2004) J Hum Evol , vol.47 , pp. 85-94
    • Schmitt, D.1    Lemelin, P.2
  • 57
    • 1842433042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor modes of primates at moderate speeds. I. The implications for the amble and the canter for primate locomotor evolution
    • Schmitt D, Lemelin P, Hanna JB. 2003. Locomotor modes of primates at moderate speeds. I. The implications for the amble and the canter for primate locomotor evolution. Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl 36:185.
    • (2003) Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl , vol.36 , pp. 185
    • Schmitt, D.1    Lemelin, P.2    Hanna, J.B.3
  • 59
    • 33750992949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Swing phase and the use of diagonal sequence gait in primates
    • Shapiro L, Raichlen D. 2002. Swing phase and the use of diagonal sequence gait in primates. Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl 34:128-129.
    • (2002) Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl , vol.34 , pp. 128-129
    • Shapiro, L.1    Raichlen, D.2
  • 60
    • 12444268328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lateral sequence walking in infant Papio cynocephalus: Implications for the evolution of diagonal sequence walking in primates
    • Shapiro L, Raichlen D. 2005. Lateral sequence walking in infant Papio cynocephalus: implications for the evolution of diagonal sequence walking in primates. Am J Phys Anthropol 126:205-213.
    • (2005) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.126 , pp. 205-213
    • Shapiro, L.1    Raichlen, D.2
  • 61
    • 0030899236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interlimb coordination, gait, and neural control of quadrupedalism in chimpanzees
    • Shapiro LJ, Anapol FC, Jungers WL. 1997. Interlimb coordination, gait, and neural control of quadrupedalism in chimpanzees. Am J Phys Anthropol 102:177-186.
    • (1997) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.102 , pp. 177-186
    • Shapiro, L.J.1    Anapol, F.C.2    Jungers, W.L.3
  • 62
    • 0025101710 scopus 로고
    • Ankle weighting effect on gait in able-bodied adults
    • Skinner HB, Barrack RL. 1990. Ankle weighting effect on gait in able-bodied adults. Arch Phys Med Rehab 71:112-115.
    • (1990) Arch Phys Med Rehab , vol.71 , pp. 112-115
    • Skinner, H.B.1    Barrack, R.L.2
  • 63
    • 33751009266 scopus 로고
    • The origin of man
    • Smith G. 1912. The origin of man. Smiths Inst Annu Rep 1912:553-572.
    • (1912) Smiths Inst Annu Rep , vol.1912 , pp. 553-572
    • Smith, G.1
  • 64
    • 0025245610 scopus 로고
    • The work and energetic cost of locomotion. I. The Effects of limb mass distribution in quadrupeds
    • Steudel K. 1990. The work and energetic cost of locomotion. I. The Effects of limb mass distribution in quadrupeds. J Exp Biol 154:273-285.
    • (1990) J Exp Biol , vol.154 , pp. 273-285
    • Steudel, K.1
  • 65
    • 0005714680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of substrate size and orientation on quadrupedal walking in Cheirogaleus
    • Stevens NJ. 2000. Effects of substrate size and orientation on quadrupedal walking in Cheirogaleus. Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl 30:291-292.
    • (2000) Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl , vol.30 , pp. 291-292
    • Stevens, N.J.1
  • 66
    • 0037493093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of substrate orientation on quadrupedal walking in Loris tardigradus
    • Stevens NJ. 2001. Effects of substrate orientation on quadrupedal walking in Loris tardigradus. J Morphol 248:228.
    • (2001) J Morphol , vol.248 , pp. 228
    • Stevens, N.J.1
  • 68
    • 52449133529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of support type upon stride duration and duty factor during primate arboreal quadrupedalism
    • Stevens NJ. 2004. Influence of support type upon stride duration and duty factor during primate arboreal quadrupedalism. Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl 38:188.
    • (2004) Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl , vol.38 , pp. 188
    • Stevens, N.J.1
  • 69
    • 44449153661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of branch diameter on primate gait sequence pattern
    • In review
    • Stevens NJ. In review. The effects of branch diameter on primate gait sequence pattern. Am J Primatol.
    • Am J Primatol
    • Stevens, N.J.1
  • 71
    • 0002707481 scopus 로고
    • A study on the movement pattern of the four limbs in walking. 1. Observation and discussion on the two types of the movement order of four limbs seen in mammals while walking
    • Tomita M. 1967. A study on the movement pattern of the four limbs in walking. 1. Observation and discussion on the two types of the movement order of four limbs seen in mammals while walking. J Anthropol Soc Nippon 75:120-146.
    • (1967) J Anthropol Soc Nippon , vol.75 , pp. 120-146
    • Tomita, M.1
  • 72
    • 0035072891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of primate magnocellular red nucleus neurons in controlling hand preshaping during reaching to grasp
    • Van Kan PLE, McCurdy ML. 2001. Role of primate magnocellular red nucleus neurons in controlling hand preshaping during reaching to grasp. J Neurophysiol 85:1461-1478.
    • (2001) J Neurophysiol , vol.85 , pp. 1461-1478
    • Van Kan, P.L.E.1    McCurdy, M.L.2
  • 73
    • 0024548934 scopus 로고
    • Early development of locomotor behavior in vervet monkeys
    • Vilensky JA, Gankiewicz E. 1989. Early development of locomotor behavior in vervet monkeys. Am J Primatol 17:11-25.
    • (1989) Am J Primatol , vol.17 , pp. 11-25
    • Vilensky, J.A.1    Gankiewicz, E.2
  • 74
    • 0001922836 scopus 로고
    • Primate locomotion: Utilization and control of symmetrical gaits
    • Vilensky JA, Larson SG. 1989. Primate locomotion: utilization and control of symmetrical gaits. Annu Rev Anthropol 18:17-35.
    • (1989) Annu Rev Anthropol , vol.18 , pp. 17-35
    • Vilensky, J.A.1    Larson, S.G.2
  • 75
    • 0007920007 scopus 로고
    • Utilization of lateral- and diagonal- sequence gaits at identical speeds by individual vervet monkeys
    • Matano S, Tuttle R, Ishida H, Goodman M, editors. Tokyo: Univeresity of Tokyo Press
    • Vilensky JA, Moore A. 1992. Utilization of lateral- and diagonal- sequence gaits at identical speeds by individual vervet monkeys. In: Matano S, Tuttle R, Ishida H, Goodman M, editors. Topics in primatology, Vol. 3: evolutionary biology, reproductive endocrinology. Tokyo: Univeresity of Tokyo Press. p 129-137.
    • (1992) Topics in Primatology, Vol. 3: Evolutionary Biology, Reproductive Endocrinology , pp. 129-137
    • Vilensky, J.A.1    Moore, A.2
  • 76
    • 0000997867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stepping in humans with complete spinal cord transection: A phylogenetic evaluation
    • Vilensky JA, O'Connor BL. 1997. Stepping in humans with complete spinal cord transection: a phylogenetic evaluation. Motor Control 1:284-292.
    • (1997) Motor Control , vol.1 , pp. 284-292
    • Vilensky, J.A.1    O'Connor, B.L.2
  • 77
    • 84996084598 scopus 로고
    • Gait characteristics of 2 squirrel monkeys, with emphasis on relationships with speed and neural control
    • Vilensky JA, Patrick MC. 1985. Gait characteristics of 2 squirrel monkeys, with emphasis on relationships with speed and neural control. Am J Phys Anthropol 68:429-444.
    • (1985) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.68 , pp. 429-444
    • Vilensky, J.A.1    Patrick, M.C.2
  • 78
    • 0028250230 scopus 로고
    • Squirrel monkey locomotion on an inclined treadmill: Implications for the evolution of gaits
    • Vilensky JA, Moore A, Libii J. 1994. Squirrel monkey locomotion on an inclined treadmill: implications for the evolution of gaits. J Hum Evol 26:375-386.
    • (1994) J Hum Evol , vol.26 , pp. 375-386
    • Vilensky, J.A.1    Moore, A.2    Libii, J.3
  • 79
    • 0034222253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The swing phase of human walking is not a passive movement
    • Whittlesey SN, van Emmerick RE, Hammil J. 2000. The swing phase of human walking is not a passive movement. Motor Control 4:273-292.
    • (2000) Motor Control , vol.4 , pp. 273-292
    • Whittlesey, S.N.1    Van Emmerick, R.E.2    Hammil, J.3
  • 81
    • 26044477739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning the ropes: The ontogeny of locomotion in red-shanked douc (Pygathrix nemaeus), Delacour's (Trachypithecus delacouri) and Hatinh langurs (Trachypithecus hatinhensis) I. Positional behavior
    • Workman C, Covert HH. 2005. Learning the ropes: the ontogeny of locomotion in red-shanked douc (Pygathrix nemaeus), Delacour's (Trachypithecus delacouri) and Hatinh langurs (Trachypithecus hatinhensis) I. Positional behavior. Am J Phys Anthropol 128:371-380.
    • (2005) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.128 , pp. 371-380
    • Workman, C.1    Covert, H.H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.