Propensity-score methods and the Lenin school

Journal of Interdisciplinary History

Volumn 36, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 209-232

  Cohen, Gidon ^a  

^a NORTHUMBRIA UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33750972312     PISSN: 00221953     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/0022195054741262     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. William G. Cochran "The Planning of Observational. Studies of Human Populations," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, CXX (1965) 234-255;
2. Sonja McKinlay "The Design and Analysis of the Observational Study: A Review," Journal of the American Statistical Association, LXX (1975), 503-520.
3. Cochran. "Observational Studies."
4. Paul Rosembaum and Donald Rubin, "The Central Role of the Propensity Score in Observational Studies for Causal Effects," Biometrika, LXX (1983), 41-55.
5. JoAnne Micale Foody et al., "A Propensity Analysis of Cigarette Smoking and Mortality With Consideration of the Effects of Alcohol," American Journal of Cardiology, LXXXVII (2001), 706-711.
6. Rubin, "Estimating Causal Effects from Large Data Sets Using Propensity Scores," Annals of Internal Medicine, CXXVII (1997), 757-763.
7. Ralph B. d'Agostino "Propensity Score Methods for Bias Reduction in the Comparison of a Treatment to a Non-Randomized Control Group," Statistics in Medicine, XVII (1998), 2265-2281;
8. Rubin "Estimating Causal Effects," 757.
9. Carry King et al., "Analysing Incomplete Political Science Data: An Alternative Algorithm for Multiple Imputation," American Political Science Review, XCV (2001). 49-69;
10. Rubin, "Inference and Missing Data," Biometrika, LXIII (1976);
11. Rubin, "Multiple Imputation after 18+ Years," Journal of the American Statistical Association, CXXIV (1996), 473-489.
12. A. P. Dempster, N. M. Laird, and Rubin. "Maximum Likelihood Estimation from Incomplete Data via the EM Algorithm," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, XXXIX (1977), 1-38:
13. Xiao-Li Meng and Rubin, "Maximum Likelihood. Estimation via the ECM Algorithm: A General Framework," Biometrika, LXXX (1993), 267-278;
14. Joseph Schaffer, Analysis of Incomplete Multivariate Data (London, 1997);
15. Insightful Corporation, Analysing Data With Missing Values in S-Plus (Seattle, 2001).
16. D'Agostino and Rubin, "Estimating and Using Propensity Score with Partially Missing Data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, XCV (2000), 749-759.
17. D'Agostino and. Rubin, "Estimating and Using."
18. J.T. Murphy, "The First Year of the Lenin School," Communist International, 30 Sept. 1927, 267-269.
19. See Irina Filatova, "Indoctrination or Scholarship? Education of Africans at the Communist University of the Toilers of the East in the Soviet Union, 1923-1938," Paedagogica Historica, XXXV (1999), 53-94.
20. On expectations of how the British students were to be used, witness the comments of the CPGB'S Moscow representative in 1931: "It is my opinion that all is going very well in the development of the Lenin School, that its line is correct and that it has been able to have very good results for all of the Parties. Why, half our organizers are L. students and this number, I should imagine, would increase in the future" (495/100/739, R. Page Arnot to Harry Pollitt, February 26, 1931, Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History [hereinafter RCASPI]). Barry MeLoughlin, "Proletarian Academics or Party Functionaries? Irish Communists at the International Lenin School, Moscow, 1927-1937," Saothar, XXII (1997), 63;
21. Serge Wolikow, "Internationale communiste 1919-1943," in José Gotovitch and Mikhaïl Narinski (eds.), Komintern; L'histoire et les hommes (Paris, 2001), 53-54.
22. As late as 1996, the Lenin School barely figures in an account faithfully representing the findings of the most up-to-date international scholarship - Kevin McDermott and Jeremy Agnew, The Comintern: A History Of International Communism from Lenin to Stalin (Basingstoke, 1996).
23. For recent work, see, for example, Brigitte Studer, Un parti sous influence. Le parti communists suisse, une section du Komintern 1931 à 1939 (Lausanne, 1994), 234-249;
24. McLoughlin, "Proletarian Academics";
25. Wolikow and Jean Vigreux, "L'école léniniste internationale de Moscou: une pépiniére de cadres communistes," Cahiers d'histoire, revue d'histoire critique, LXXIX (2000), 45-56;
26. Gotovitrh and Narinski, Komintern, 595-604;
27. Cohen and Kevin Morgan, "Stalin's Sausage Machine: British Students at the International Lenin School 1926-37," Twentieth Century British History, XIII (2002), 327-355;
28. John McIlroy et al., "Forging the Faithful: The British at the International Lenin School," Labour History Review, LXVIII (2003), 99-128;
29. Joni Krekola, "The Finnish Sector at the International Lenin School," in Morgan, Cohen, and Andrew Flinn (eds.), Agents of the Revolution: New Biographical Approaches to the History of International Communism in the Age of Lenin and Stalin (Bern, 2005), 289-308.
30. Studer, Un parti, 234-249.
31. For the view that attendance at the School made little impact, see Andrew Thorpe, "Comintern 'Control' of the Communist Party of Great Britain 1920-1943,'' English Historical Review, CXIII (1998) 637-662;
32. Barry McLoughlin, "Proletarian Academics or Party Func tionaries? Irish Communists at the International Lenin School, Moscow, 1927-1937," Saothar, XXII (1997), 63-79.
33. For the opposite view, see Alan Campbell et al., "The International Lenin School: A Response to Cohen and Morgan," Twentieth Century British History, XV (2004), 51-76;
34. Cohen and Morgan (2002) '"Stalin's Sausage Machine";
35. McIlroy et al., "Forging the Faithful," 121-124. The most significant differences surround alternative definitions of such terms as full-time party worker.
36. For an overview of these issues, see Cohen, "Missing, Biased and Unrepresentative: The Quantitative Analysis of Multi-Source Biographical Data," Historical Methods, XXXV (2002), 166-176.
37. William Rust, Britons in Spain: The History of the British Battalion of the XVth International Brigade (London, 1939).
38. ECCI Political Secretariat, Letter to the sections on the selection of students for the International Lenin School for the new school year, 531/1/18/1, RGASPI; Studer, Un parti, 235.
39. See also instructions for acceptance into the ILS, May 1932; Cohen and Morgan, "Stalin's Sausage Machine," 330-341.
40. Balancing all of the factors did not prove possible because no systematic information was available about certain factors, such as state of health. For other factors, such as prior non-communist political activity or trade union activity, about which missing data was more likely to mask a. negative response, the assumption that data, were MAR was unreasonable.
41. King et al., "Analysing Incomplete Political. Science Data," 49. See www.iser.essex.ac.uk/ons/ns-sec/derivations.php.
42. Evan Mawdscly and Stephen White, The Soviet Political Elite From Lenin to Gorbachev -The Central Committee and Its Members, 1917-1991 (Oxford. 2000).
43. 2) / 2]}.
44. D'Agostino and Rubin, "Estimating and Using," 756-758;
45. S-L.T. Normand et. al., "Validating Recommendations for Coronary Angiography Following Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly: A Matched Analysis Using Propensity Scores, "Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, LIV (2001), 390.
46. Henry Pelling, The British Communist Party: A Historical Profile (London, 1975; orig. pub. 1958), 73-75:
47. Studer, "More Autonomy for the National Sections? The Reorganisation of the ECCI after the Seventh World Congress," in Mikhail Narinsky and Jürgen Rojahn, Centre and Periphery: The History of the Comintern in the Light of New Documents (Amsterdam, 1996), 107.
48. R. Kilpatrick et al., "The Daidalos Project," Literary & Linguistic Computing, III (1997), 177-184;
49. Katharine Keats-Rohan, "Historical Text Archives and Prosopography: The COEL Database System,'' History and Computing, X (1998), 57-72;
50. John R. Martindale (ed.), The Prosopography of the Byzantine Empire. I (641-367) (Aldershot, 2001);
51. Gotovitch and Narinsky, Komintern.
52. Anna Hillyar and Jane McDermid, Revolutionary Women in Russia, 1870-1917: A Study in Collective Biography (Manchester, 2000);
53. Barbara Evans Clements, Bolshevik Women (Cambridge, 1997);
54. Mawdsley and White, Soviet Political Elite.