The challenge of race: Rethinking the position of black women in the field of women's history

Journal of Women's History

Volumn 16, Issue 4, 2004, Pages

  Alexander, Leslie M ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33750950917     PISSN: 10427961     EISSN: 15272036     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/jowh.2004.0074     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Bonnie Thornton Dill, "Race, Class and Gender: Prospects For An All-Inclusive Sisterhood," Feminist Studies 9 (spring 1983): 131-150.
2. Eileen Boris and Angelique Janssens, eds., Complicating Categories: Gender, Class, Race and Ethnicity (Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press, 1999), 6.
3. As Darlene Clark Hine suggested, Black women scholars were at the fore-front of this movement, which fundamentally transformed women's history. For more, see Darlene Clark Hine, Hine Sight: Black Women and the Re-Construction of American History (Brooklyn: Carlson Publishing, 1994), 50.
4. and Barbara Smith, ed., Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology (New York: Kitchen Table, Women of Color Press, 1983).
5. For an excellent example of criticism from scholars of gender in Africa, see Oyeronke Oyewumi, The Invention of Women: Making An African Sense of Western Gender Discourses (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997).
6. Moraga and Anzaldúa, This Bridge Called My Back, 61-62; 84-5.
7. Gerda Lerner, Black Women in White America: A Documentary History (New York: Pantheon Books, 1972), xviii.
8. Bettina Aptheker, "Strong Is What We Make Each Other: Unlearning Racism Within Women's Studies," Women's Studies Quarterly, 1 (winter 1981): 13.
9. Vivian Gordon, "Black Women, Feminism and Black Studies," in Out of the Revolution: The Development of Africana Studies, ed. Delores P. Aldridge and Carlene Young (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2000), 167.
10. Dill, "Race, Class, and Gender," 136.
11. Clenora Hudson-Weems, "Africana Womanism: An Overview," in Out of the Revolution, 207.
12. For example, see Chana Kai Lee, For Freedom's Sake: The Life of Fannie Lou Hamer (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1999);
13. Kay Mills, This Little Light of Mine: The Life of Fannie Lou Hamer (New York: Penguin Books, 1993);
14. Barbara Ransby, Ella Baker and the Black Freedom Movement (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003);
15. and Jo Ann Gibson Robinson, The Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Women Who Started It: The Memoir of Jo Ann Gibson Robinson (Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Press, 1987).
16. Hudson-Weems, "Africana Womanism," 173. Emphasis is hers.
17. Angela Davis, "The Black Woman's Role in the Community of Slaves," Black Scholar 3 (December 1971), 3-14;
18. Wilma King, Stolen Childhood: Slave Youth in Nineteenth-Century America (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995);
19. Stephanie J. Shaw, "Black Club Women and the Creation of the National Association of Colored Women," in "We Specialize in the Wholly Impossible": A Reader in Black Women's History, ed. Darlene Clark Hine, Wilma King, and Linda Reed (Brooklyn: Carlson Publishing, 1995);
20. Stephanie Shaw, What A Woman Ought To Be and To Do: Black Professional Women Workers During the Jim Crow Era (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996);
21. Brenda E. Stevenson, Life in Black and White: Family and Community in the Slave South (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996);
22. Rosalyn Terborg-Penn, African American Women in the Struggle for the Vote, 1850-1920 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1998);
23. Margaret Washington, A Peculiar People: Slave Religion and Community-Culture Among the Gullahs (New York: New York University Press, 1988);
24. Margaret Washington, ed., The Narrative of Sojourner Truth (New York: Vintage Books, 1993);
25. and Deborah Gray White, "Ar'n't I a woman?": Female Slaves in the Plantation South (1985; rev. ed., New York: Norton, 1998).
26. Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham, "African-American Women's History and the Metalanguage of Race," in "We Specialize in the Wholly Impossible," 3-2.
27. Eileen Boris, "In Circles Come Change," in Voices of Women Historians, ed. Eileen Boris and Nupur Chaudhuri (Bloomington: University of Indiana Press, 1999), 201.
28. Boris and Janssens, Complicating Categories, 6.
29. Eileen Boris, "Citizenship Embodied: Racialized Gender and the Construction of Nationhood in the United States," in Identity and Intolerance: Nationalism, Racism and Xenophobia in Germany and the United States, ed. Norbert Finzsch and Dietmar Schirmer (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 313-330.
30. Elsa Barkley Brown, "'What Has Happened Here': The Politics of Difference in Women's History and Feminist Politics," in "We Specialize in the Wholly Impossible," 39-54.
31. Audre Lorde, "The Master's Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master's House," in This Bridge Called My Back, 98-101.