A new in-vitro agglutination technique for potency estimation of antisnake venom serum (ASVS)

Toxicon

Volumn 48, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 1011-1017

  Chander, R ^a   Batra, M ^a   Singh, D ^a   Kumar, Y ^a   Rawat, S ^a   Kumar, S ^a  

^a CENTRAL DRUG RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (India)

Author keywords

Agglutination technique; Antiserum; Antisnake venom serum

Indexed keywords

BENTONITE; LATEX; SNAKE VENOM ANTISERUM;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANTIGEN ANTIBODY REACTION; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION COEFFICIENT; DRUG POTENCY; DRUG STABILITY; DRUG STORAGE; FLOCCULATION; IN VITRO STUDY; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY;

ADSORPTION; AGGLUTINATION TESTS; ANTIVENINS; BENTONITE; SNAKE VENOMS; TEMPERATURE;

ANIMALIA; ECHIS; VIPERINAE;

EID: 33750948213     PISSN: 00410101     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.08.007     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Ahuja M.L. Snake bite in India. Indian J. Med. Res. 42 (1954) 661-677
2. Ahuja M.L., and Brooks A.G. In-vitro test for assay of potency of cobra anti-venom. Indian J. Med. Res. 32 (1944) 227-231
3. Al-Abdulla I.H., Sidki A.M., and Landon J. An indirect haemolytic assay for assessing antivenoms. Toxicon 9 (1991) 1043-1046
4. Ananthanarayan R., and Panicker C.K.J. Antigen-antibody reactions. Essentials of Medical Microbiology (1999), Orient Longman Ltd., Chennai, New Delhi 91-107
5. Ananthapadmanabhan J. Snakebite. In: Dalal P.M. (Ed). Medicine update (1991), Association of Physicians of India, Bombay 93-114
6. Barbosa C.F., Rodrigues R.J., Olortegui C.C., Sanchez E.F., and Heneine L.G.D. Determination of the neutralizing potency of horse antivenom against bothropic and crotalic venoms by indirect enzyme immunoassay. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 28 (1995) 1077-1080
7. Bhatia R., and Ichhpujani. Factors influencing agglutination reactions. In: Peromilla (Ed). Essentials of Medical Microbiology (1999), Jaypee Brothers, New Delhi 127-138
8. Boche I., and Russell F.E. Passive haemagglutination studies with snake venom and antivenin. Toxicon 6 (1968) 125-130
9. Christensen P.A. The South African Snake Venoms and Antivenoms (1955), The South African Institute for medical Research, Johannesberg pp. 67-88
10. Coleman, R.M., Lombard, M.F., Sicard, R.E., 1992. Fundamental Immunology, second ed. W.M.C. Brown Doboguce, IA 5, pp. 88-115.
11. Eagle H. The coagulation of blood by snake venom and its physiological significance. Exp. Med. 65 (1937) 613-639
12. Gutierrez J.M., Avila C., Rojas E., and Cerdas L. An alternative in vitro method for testing the potency of the polyvalent antivenom produced in Costa Rica. Toxicon 26 (1988) 411-413
13. Heneine L.G.D., Carvalho Jr. A.D., Barbosa C.F., and Dos Santos M.R.A. Development of an ELISA to assess the potency of horse therapeutic polyvalent antibothropic antivenom. Toxicon 36 10 (1998) 1363-1370
14. Jena I., and Sarangi A. Snakes of Medical Importance and Snake Bite Treatment (1993), Ashish Publishing House, New Delhi
15. Pope C.G. Disaggregation of proteins by enzymes. Br. J. Exp. Path. 19 (1938) 245
16. Pope C.G. The action of proteolytic enzymes on the antitoxins and proteins in immune sera. I. True digestion of proteins. Br. J. Exp. Path. 20 (1939) 132
17. Pope C.G. The action of proteolytic enzymes on the antitoxins and proteins in immune sera. I. True digestion of the proteins. Br. J. Exp. Path. 201 (1939)
18. Pope C.G., and Stevens M.F. The action of proteolytic enzymes on the antitoxins and proteins in immune sera. III. Further studies on enzymes which split the antitoxin molecule. Br. J. Exp. Path. 32 (1951) 314
19. Pope C.G., and Stevens M.F. The purification of antitoxin by adsorption of non-antitoxic antibodies. Br. J. Exp. Path. 34 (1953) 56
20. Reed L.J., and Muench H. A simple method for estimating 50% endpoints. Am. J. Hyg. 27 (1938) 493
21. Roush W. Hunting for animal alternatives. Science 274 (1996) 168-171
22. Rungsiwongse J., and Ratanabanangkoon K. Development of an ELISA to assess the potency of horse therapeutic antivenom against Thai cobra venom. J. Immunol. Methods 136 (1991) 37-43
23. Theakston R.D.G., and Reid H.A. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in assessing anti-venom potency. Toxicon 17 (1979) 511-515
24. WHO/BS/80.1292, BLG/VEN/80.1 Rev. 1, Annex.5. p. 24.
25. WHO OFFSET PUBLICATION NO. 58, 1981. Progress in the characterization of venoms and standardization of antivenoms. World Health Organization, Geneva, p. 5.