Education, outreach, and codes of conduct to further the norms and obligations of the Chemical Weapons Convention (IUPAC Technical Report)

Pure and Applied Chemistry

Volumn 78, Issue 11, 2006, Pages 2169-2192

  Pearson, Graham S ^a   Mahaffy, Peter ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRADFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b KING S UNIVERSITY COLLEGE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Chemical weapons; Chemical Weapons Convention; Codes of conduct; Ethics; IUPAC Committee on Chemistry Education; OPCW; Outreach; Public understanding of chemistry; Responsible use

Indexed keywords

EID: 33750909830     PISSN: 00334545     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1351/pac200678112169     Document Type: Article

References (10)

1. G. W. Parshall, G. S. Pearson, T. D. Inch, E. D. Becker. Pure Appl. Chem. 74, 2323 (2002).
2. OPCW. "Note by the Director-General: Report of the Scientific Advisory Board on Developments in Science and Technology", Conference of States Parties, First Review Conference, 28 April-9 May 2003, RC-1/DG.2, 23 April 2003.
3. OPCW. "Report of the First Special Session of the Conference of the States Parties to Review the Operation of the Chemical Weapons Convention (First Review Conference)", Conference of States Parties, First Review Conference, 28 April-9 May 2003, RC-1/5, 9 May 2003.
4. OPCW. "Report of the Seventh Session of the Scientific Advisory Board", Scientific Advisory Board, Seventh Session, 9-11 March 2005, SAB-7/1, 11 March 2005.
5. OPCW. "Note by the Director-General: Report of the Seventh Session of the Scientific Advisory Board", Executive Council, Forty-First Session, 28 June-1 July 2005, EC-41/DG.8, 25 May 2005.
6. Participants came from the following countries: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Norway, Russia, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, and USA.
7. In the BTWC, the general-purpose criterion is embodied in Article I that states: Each State Party to this Convention undertakes never in any circumstances to develop, produce, stockpile or otherwise acquire or retain: (1) Microbial or other biological agents, or toxins whatever their origin or method of production, of types and in quantities that have no justification for prophylactic, protective or other peaceful purposes; The text in bold is the general-purpose criterion. At successive BTWC Review Conferences, the States Parties have agreed extended understanding to this prohibition. At the Fourth Review Conference in 1996, it was agreed that the Convention unequivocally covers all microbial or other biological agents or toxins, naturally or artificially created or altered, as well as their components, whatever their origin or method of production, of types and in quantities that have no justification for prophylactic, protective or other peaceful purposes. The extended understanding makes it clear that the prohibitions of the BTWC apply to chemicals in the mid-spectrum region between classical chemical agents and traditional biological agents.
8. Dual-use research is research which could be used for permitted or prohibited uses. This term is applicable to much work in science and technology.
9. United Nations. Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction, available at 〈http://www. opcw.org/cwc/cwc-eng.htm〉.
10. Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. States Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention. Available at 〈http://www.opcw.org/html/db/ members_ratifyer.html〉.