Grand rounds: Outbreak of hematologic abnormalities in a community of people exposed to leakage of fire extinguisher gas

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 114, Issue 11, 2006, Pages 1713-1717

  Lo, Shih Hsiang ^a,b   Chan, Chang Chuan ^b   Chen, Wei Chin ^a   Wang, Jung Der ^b,c  

^a TAIPEI CITY HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

^b NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^c NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Bromochlorodifluoromethane; Bromotrifluoromethane; Dichlorodifluoromethane; Phosgene

Indexed keywords

BROMOCHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE; BROMOTRIFLUOROMETHANE; CHLOROFLUOROCARBON; DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE; HALOCARBON; HEMOGLOBIN; PHOSGENE; PYROLYTIC CARBON; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CONVALESCENCE; DOSE RESPONSE; EPIDEMIC; ERYTHROCYTE COUNT; FEMALE; FIRE PROTECTION; HEMATOLOGIC DISEASE; HEMOGLOBIN DETERMINATION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL EXAMINATION; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; RESPIRATORY FUNCTION; RISK FACTOR; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; TAIWAN;

ADULT; CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS, METHANE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ERYTHROCYTE COUNT; ERYTHROCYTES; FEMALE; FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEMS; FLAME RETARDANTS; HEMOGLOBINS; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; TAIWAN;

EID: 33750881132     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.9197     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Bloom JC, Brandt JT. 2001. Toxic responses of the blood. In: Casarett and Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons (Casarett LJ Doull J, Klaassen CD, eds). 6th ed. New York:McGraw-Hill, 389-417.
2. Borak J, Diller WF. 2001. Phosgene exposure: mechanisms of injury and treatment strategies. Occup Environ Med 43:110-119.
3. Bradley BL, Unger KM. 1982. Phosgene inhalation: a case report. Tex Med 78:51-53.
4. Brooks SM, Weiss MA, Bernstein IL. 1985. Reactive airways dysfunction syndrome (RADS). Persistent asthma syndrome after high level irritant exposures. Chest 8:376-384.
5. Brugnara C, Lux SE IV. 2003. Introduction to anemias. In: Blood: Principles and Practice of Hematology (Handin RI, Lux SE, Stossel TP, eds). 2nd ed. Philadelphia:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1345-1360.
6. Bryan JL. 1982. Fire Suppression and Detection System. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co.
7. De La Hoz RE. 1999. Reactive airways dysfunction syndrome following exposure to a fluorocarbon. Eur Respir J 13:1192-1194.
8. Diller WF. 1978. Medical phosgene problems and their possible solution. J Occup Med 20:189-193.
9. Diller WF. 1985. Pathogenesis of phosgene poisoning. Toxicol Ind Health 1:7-15.
10. Harrison JN, Smith DJ, Strong R, Scott M, Davey M, Morgan C. 1982. The use of Halon 1301 for firefighting in confined spaces. J Soc Occup Med 32:37-43.
11. 3Br). Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 30:551-558.
12. Holness DL, House RA. 1992. Health effects of Halon 1301 exposure. J Occup Med 34:722-725.
13. Kaufman JD, Morgan MS, Marks ML, Greene HL, Rosenstock L. 1992. A study of the cardiac effects of bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon 1211) exposure during exercise. Am J Ind Med 21:223-233.
14. Lanzafame FM. 2005. Chemical Kinetics. Available: http://www.monroecc.edu/wusers/flanzafame/Pg15all.pdf [accessed 28 February 2005].
15. Louvar JF, Louvar BD. 1998. Consequence analysis. In: Health and Environmental Risk Analysis: Fundamentals with Applications. Upper Saddle River, NJ:Prentice-Hall, 180-185.
16. Mullin LS, Reinhardt CF, Hemingwa RE. 1979. Cardiac arrhythmias and blood levels associated with inhalation of Halon 1301. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 40:653-658.
17. Norton SH. 1987. Halon to protect computer installation. The Risks Digest 5(28). Available: http://catless.ncl.ac.uk/Risks/5.28.html [accessed 12 August 2005].
18. Rothman KJ, Greenland S, eds. 1998. Causation and causal inference. In: Modern Epidemiology. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 7-28.
19. Sciuto AM, Stotts RR, Chittenden V, Choung E, Heflin MD. 1996. Changes in absorbance at 413 nm in plasma from three rodent species exposed to phosgene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 226:906-911.
20. University of Michigan. 2002. Appendix A: OSEH Response Procedure. Available: http://www.oseh.umich.edu/haloappa.pdf [accessed 4 January 2005].
21. Wang JD. 2002. Causal inference and decision. In: Basic Principles and Practical Applications in Epidemiological Research. London:World Scientific Publishing, 57-79.
22. Wells BA. 1985. Phosgene a practitioner's viewpoint. Toxicol Ind Health 1:81-92.
23. WHO. 1990. Fully Halogenated Chlorofluorocarbons. Environmental Health Criteria 113. Geneva:World Health Organization.