Understanding enrolment in community health insurance in sub-Saharan Africa: A population-based case-control study in rural Burkina Faso

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

Volumn 84, Issue 11, 2006, Pages 852-858

  De Allegri, Manuela ^a   Kouyaté, Bocar ^b   Becher, Heiko ^a   Gbangou, Adjima ^b   Pokhrel, Subhash ^c   Sanon, Mamadou ^b   Sauerborn, Rainer ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^b Nouna Health Research Centre   (Burkina Faso)

^c BRUNEL UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; HEALTH INSURANCE; HEALTH SERVICES; LOGISTICS; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; POPULATION DENSITY; RURAL AREA; SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS;

AFRICA; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EDUCATION; ETHNOLOGY; HEALTH CARE FACILITY; HEALTH INSURANCE; HEALTH SERVICE; HEALTH STATUS; HOUSEHOLD; HUMAN; MEDICAL CARE; POPULATION BASED CASE CONTROL STUDY; RURAL AREA; SOCIAL STATUS;

BURKINA FASO; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES; CONSUMER PARTICIPATION; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; ETHNIC GROUPS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INSURANCE, HEALTH; MALE; RURAL HEALTH; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

AFRICA; BURKINA FASO; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; WEST AFRICA;

EID: 33750808474     PISSN: 00429686     EISSN: 15640604     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2471/BLT.06.031336     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Dror DM, Jacquier C. Micro-insurance: extending health insurance to the excluded. Int Soc Secur Rev 1999;52:71-97.
2. Carrin G, Desmet M, Basaza R. Social health insurance development in low-income developing countries: new roles for government and nonprofit health insurance organizations in Africa and Asia. In: Scheil-Adlung X, editor. Building social security: the challenge of privatization. New Brunswick (NJ): Transaction Publishers; 2001, p.125-50.
3. Preker AS, Carrin G, Dror D, Jakab M, Hsiao W, Arhin-Tenkorang D. Rich-poor differences in health care financing. In: Preker AS, Carrin G, eds. Health financing for poor people - resource mobilization and risk sharing. Washington (DC): The World Bank; 2004, p.3-52.
4. Bennett S, Creese A, Monasch R. Health insurance schemes for people outside formal sector employment. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1998.
5. Carrin G. Community-based health insurance schemes in developing countries: facts, problems and perspectives. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2003. Health Financing Technical Brief.
6. Ekman B. Community-based health insurance in low-income countries: a systematic review of the evidence. Health Policy Plan 2004;19:249-70.
7. Waelkens MP, Criel B. Les mutuelles de santé en Afrique sub-Saharienne - etat des lieux et reflexions sur un agenda de recherche [Mutual health insurance in sub-Saharan Africa - situation and thoughts on a research programme]. Washington (DC): The World Bank; 2004. Health, Nutrition and Population Discussion Paper.
8. Gumber A. The potential role of community financing in India. In: Preker AS, Carrin G, eds. Health financing for poor people - resource mobilization and risk sharing. Washington (DC): The World Bank; 2004.
9. Liu Y, Hsiao WC. China's poor and poor policies: the case of rural health insurance. Paper presented at the Conference on Financing Sector Reform in China, at Kennedy School of Government, Harvard Business School and MIT, Cambridge (MA), 11-13 September 2001.
10. Liu Y. Development of the rural health insurance system in China. Health Policy Plan 2004;19:159-65.
11. La Concertation. Inventaire des mutuelles de santé en Afrique - synthèse des travaux de recherche dans le 11 Pays [Inventory of mutual health insurance schemes in Africa - synthesis of research work in 11 countries]. Dakar: La Concertation; 2004.
12. Palmer N, Mueller DH, Gilson L, Mills A, Haines A. Health financing to promote access in low-income settings - how much do we know? Lancet 2004;364:1365-70.
13. Ranson MK. The SEWA medical insurance fund in India. In: Preker AS, Carrin G, eds. Health financing for poor people: resource mobilization and risk sharing. Washington (DC): The World Bank; 2004, p.275-92.
14. Supakankunti S. Impact of the Thailand health card. In: Preker AS, Carrin G, eds. Health financing for poor people: resource mobilization and risk sharing. Washington (DC): The World Bank; 2004, p.315-58.
15. Wang H, Yip W, Zhang L, Wang L, Hsiao W. Community-based health insurance in poor rural China: the distribution of net benefits. Health Policy Plan 2005;20:366-74.
16. Wang H, Zhang L, Yip W, Hsiao W. Adverse selection in a voluntary Rural Mutual Health Care health insurance scheme in China. Soc Sci Med 2006;63:1236-45.
17. Criel B, Waelkens MP. Declining subscriptions to the Maliando Mutual Health Organisation in Guinea-Conakry [West Africa]: what is going wrong? Soc Sci Med 2003;57:1205-19.
18. Jütting JP. Do community-based health insurance schemes improve poor people's access to health care? Evidence from rural Senegal. World Development 2004;32:273-88.
19. Schneider P, Diop F. Community-based health insurance in Rwanda. In: Preker AS, Carrin G, eds. Health financing for poor people: resource mobilization and risk sharing. Washington (DC): The World Bank; 2004, p.251-74.
20. Atim C. The contribution of mutual health organizations to financing, delivery, and access to health care: synthesis of research in nine west and central African countries. Bethesda (MD): Partnerships for Health Reform Project, Abt Associates; 1998.
21. Musau SN. Community-based health insurance: experiences and lessons learned from east and southern Africa. Bethesda (MD): Partnerships for Health Reform Project, Abt Associates; 1999.
22. Atim C, Madjiguene S. An external evaluation of the Nkoranza community financing health insurance scheme, Ghana. Bethesda (MD): Partnerships for Health Reform Project, Abt Associates; 2000.
23. Chee G, Smith K, Kapinga A. Assessment of the community health fund in Hanang District, Tanzania. Bethesda, MD, Partners for Health Reform plus Project, Abt Associates; 2002.
24. Kouyaté B, Sanon M, Mugisha F. Community preference for a benefit package under community-based insurance. Nouna: Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna; 2001. Discussion paper No. 2.
25. De Allegri M, Sanon M, Bridges J, Sauerborn R. Understanding consumers' preferences and decision to enrol in community-based health insurance in rural West Africa. Health Policy 2006;76:58-71.
26. Würthwein R, Gbangou A, Kouyaté B, Mugisha F, Ye Y, Becher H, et al. The Nouna health district household survey - design and implementation. Heidelberg: University of Heidelberg; 2001. SFB 544 Discussion Paper.
27. Morduch J. Income smoothing and consumption smoothing. J Econ Perspect 1995;9:103-14.
28. Daly MC, Duncan GJ, Kaplan GA, Lynch JW. Macro-to-micro links in the relation between income inequality and mortality. Milbank Q 1998; 76:315-39.
29. Ross NA, Wolfson MC, Dunn JR, Berthelot J, Kaplan GA, Lynch JW. Relation between income inequality and mortality in Canada and in the United States: cross-sectional assessment using census data and virtual statistics. BMJ 2000;320:898-902.
30. Jakab M, Preker AS, Krishnan C, Schneider P, Diop F, Jütting J, et al. Analysis of community financing using household surveys. In: Preker AS, Carrin G, eds. Health financing for poor people: resource mobilization and risk sharing. Washington (DC): The World Bank; 2004, p.199-230.
31. Cosslett SR. Efficient estimation of discrete-choice models. In: Manski CF, McFadden D, eds. Structural analysis of discrete data with econometrics applications. Cambridge (MA): MIT Press; 1981, p.51-111.
32. Levy PS, Lemeshow S. Sampling of populations - methods and applications. 3rd ed. New York (NY): John Wiley & Sons; 1999.
33. Rosner B. Fundamentals of biostatistics. 5th ed. Pacific Grove (CA): Duxbury; 2000.
34. Magadi MA, Madise NJ, Rodrigues RN. Frequency and timing of antenatal care in Kenya: explaining the variations between women of different communities. Soc Sci Med 2000;51:551-61.
35. Hjortsberg C. Why do the sick not utilise health care? The case of Zambia. Health Econ 2003;12:755-70.
36. Pokhrel S, Sauerborn R. Household decision-making on child health care in developing countries: the case of Nepal. Health Policy Plan 2004;19:218-33.
37. Sauerborn R, Berman P, Nougtara A. Age bias, but no gender bias, in the intra-household resource allocation for health care in rural Burkina Faso. Health Transit Rev 1996;6:131-45.
38. Pfeiffer J, Gloyd S, Ramirez LL. Intrahousehold resource allocation and child growth in Mozambique: an ethnographic case-control study. Soc Sci Med 2001;53:83-97.
39. Sarker M, Milkowski A, Slanger T, Gondos A, Sanou A, Kouyaté B, et al. The role of HIV-related knowledge and ethnicity in determining HIV risk perception and willingness to undergo HIV testing among rural women in Burkina Faso. AIDS Behav 2005;9:243-9.
40. Sauerborn R, Ibrango I, Nougtara A, Borchert M, Hien M, Benzler J, et al. The economic costs of illness for rural households in Burkina Faso. Trop Med Parasitol 1995;46:54-60.
41. Mugisha F, Kouyaté B, Gbangou A, Sauerborn R. Examining out-of-pocket expenditure on health care in Nouna, Burkina Faso: implications for health policy. Trop Med Int Health 2002;7:187-96.
42. Criel B. District-based health insurance in sub-Saharan Africa. Part II: case studies. Antwerp: ITG Press; 1998.
43. De Allegri M, Sanon M, Sauerborn R. "To enrol or not to enrol?": a qualitative investigation of demand for health insurance in rural West Africa. Soc Sci Med 2006;62:1520-7.
44. Veenstra G. Location, location, location: contextual and compositional health effects of social capital in British Columbia, Canada. Soc Sci Med 2005; 60:2059-71.
45. Besley T. Nonmarket institutions for credit and risk sharing in low-income countries. J Econ Perspect 1995;9:115-27.
46. Dercon S. Income risk, coping strategies, and safety nets. World Bank Res Obs 2002;17:141-66.
47. Sommerfeld J, Sanon M, Kouyaté B, Sauerborn R. Informal risk-sharing arrangements (IRSAs) in rural Burkina Faso: lessons for the development of community-based insurance (CBI). Int J Health Plann Manage 2002;17:147-63.
48. Carrin G. Social health insurance in developing countries: a continuing challenge. Int Soc Secur Rev 2002;55:57-69.
49. Bennett S. The role of community-based health insurance within the health care financing system: a framework for analysis. Health Policy Plan 2004;19:147-58.