The impact of conflict on HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa

International Journal of STD and AIDS

Volumn 17, Issue 11, 2006, Pages 713-717

  Mills, Edward J ^a   Singh, Sonal ^a,b   Nelson, Brett D ^b   Nachega, Jean B ^a,b,c  

^a Centre for International Health and Human Rights Studies   (Canada)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Africa; Conflict; HIV AIDS; International health; Rape; Sexually transmitted diseases

Indexed keywords

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; AFRICA; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INCIDENCE; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; POVERTY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SEXUAL ABUSE; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE; SOCIAL WORK; SURVIVAL;

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; HIV; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; WAR;

EID: 33750724109     PISSN: 09564624     EISSN: 09564624     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1258/095646206778691077     Document Type: Review

References (33)

1. Spiegel PB. HIV/AIDS among conflict-affected and displaced populations: dispelling myths and taking action. Disasters 2004;28:322-39
2. Debose MM. Preventing and coping with HIV/AIDS in postconflict societies: gender based lessons from Sub-Saharan Africa conference held in Durban, South Africa 26-28 March 2001. [www.certi.org/publications/AIDS_symp/pub/debose.PDF] (accessed April 28, 2005)
3. Mock NB, Duale S, Brown LF, et al. Conflict and HIV: a framework for risk assessment to prevent HIV in conflict-affected settings in Africa. Emerg Themes Epidemiol 2004;1:6
4. Mandelbaum-Schmid J. Rwandan genocide survivors in need of HIV treatment. Bull World Health Organ 2004;82:472
5. Lubbers R. In the war on AIDS refugees are often excluded. UNHCR 2003, [www.reliefweb.int/rw/rwb.nsf/0/6945d3e9393873e5c1256dec004e4195?OpenDocument]
6. USIP. Plague Upon Plague: AIDS & Violent Conflict in Africa [www.usip.org/oc/cibriefing/plague_cib.html] 2001
7. UNAIDS/WHO. Epidemiologic Fact Sheets on HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections, Update. Geneva: Angola, [www.aegis.org/files/unaids/ june2000/Angola_fr.pdf] 2000
8. Mulanga C, Bazepeo SE, Mwamba JK, et al. Political and socioeconomic instability: how does it affect HIV? A case study in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Aids 2004;18:832-4
9. UNAIDS 2004, Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic. Geneva: UNAIDS, 2005
10. Donovan P. Rape and HIV/AIDS in Rwanda. Lancet 2002;360(Suppl):S17-18
11. DR Congo v. Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda, Communication No. 227/99, African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights [www.server.law.wits.ac.za/humanrts/ africa/comcases/227-99.html] (Accessed July 25, 2006)
12. Anon. Violence against women in war: rape, AIDS, sex slavery. AIDS Wkly Plus 1996;13-14
13. WHO. Violence Against Women and HIV/AIDS: Critical Intersections. Sexual Violence in Conflict Setting and the Risk of HIV. Geneva: Department of Gender, Women and Health, World Health Organization: 2004;2
14. AVEGA. [Women-peace-and-security] Rwanda: focus on genocide widows dying of HIV/AIDS. UN OCHA Integrated Regional Information Network [http://list.web.net/archives/women-peace-and-security/2003-October/000666.html] 2003
15. National AIDS Control Programme. National Population-based Serosurvey. Rwanda: Kigali, 1997
16. Human Rights Watch. D.R. Congo: Gold Fuels Massive Human Rights Atrocities [http://hrw.org/english/docs/2005/06/02/congo11041.htm] 2005
17. MSF. The Crushing Burden of Rape. Sexual Violence in Darfur [www.msf.ca/press/images/070305_darfur_sexual-violence.pdf] 2005 (accessed 11 April 2005)
18. Derluyn I, Broekaert E, Schuyten G, De Temmerman E. Post-traumatic stress in former Ugandan child soldiers. Lancet 2004;363:861-3
19. Coalition to stop the use of child soldiers. Child Soldiers Global Report 2004. London: Child Soldiers Coalition, 2005
20. DeWaal A. AIDS, security and conflict initiative. Speaking notes on themes and evidence [www.ssrc.org/programs/HIV/publications/hague2005/ speaking_notes.pdf] 2005 (accessed 25 July 2006).
21. McGinn T, Purdin S, Krause S, Jones R. Forced migration and transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections: policy and programmatic responses. HIV In-site Knowledge Base Chapter 2001, [http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/ InSite?page=kb-08-01-08]
22. Newman LM, Miguel F, Jemusse BB, Macome AC, Newman RD. HIV seroprevalence among military blood donors in Manica Province, Mozambique. Int J STD AIDS 2001;12:225-8
23. Miles SH. HIV in insurgency forces in sub-Saharan Africa - a personal view of policies. Int J STD AIDS 2003;14:174-8
24. Tripodi P, Patel P. HIV/AIDS, peacekeeping and conflict crises in Africa. Med Confl Surviv 2004;20:195-208
25. ECOSOC. ECOSOC Humanitarian Segment. HIV/AIDS Humanitarian Panel: HIV/AIDS Among the Most Vulnerable. New York: UNAIDS, UNFPA, IFRC, WHO Briefing HIV/AIDS, Conflict and Security, 2002
26. Hankins CA, Friedman SR, Zafar T, Strathdee SA. Transmission and prevention of HIV and sexually transmitted infections in war settings: implications for current and future armed conflicts. Aids 2002;16:2245-52
27. Anon. DR Congo sex abuse claims upheld. BBC News, United Nations 2005; 8 January 2005
28. Spiegel PB, Nankoe A. UNHCR, HIV/AIDS and refugees: lessons learned. Forced Migration Review 2004;19:21-3
29. Harrell-Bond B. Pitch the tents. An alternative to refugee camps. New Republic September 19, 1994;15-19
30. Salama P, Dondero TJ. HIV surveillance in complex emergencies. Aids 2001;15(Suppl 3):S4-12
31. Ellman T, Culbert H, Torres-Feced V. Treatment of AIDS in conflict-affected settings: a failure of imagination. Lancet 2005;365:278-80
32. Walker N, Garcia-Calleja JM, Heaton L, et al. Epidemiological analysis of the quality of HIV sero-surveillance in the world: how well do we track the epidemic? Aids 2001;15:1545-54
33. WHO/UNAIDS. Treating 3 Million by 2005. Making it Happen. The WHO Strategy. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2003