What do lupus specialists believe about managing conventional cardiovascular risk factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus? [2]

Lupus

Volumn 15, Issue 10, 2006, Pages 697-699

  Rahman, Anisur ^a   Bessant, R ^a   Isenberg, D A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CORTICOSTEROID DERIVATIVE; FOLIC ACID; HOMOCYSTEINE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; PREDNISOLONE;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; DIABETES MELLITUS; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LETTER; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; SMOKING; STROKE; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; HUMANS; LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC; QUESTIONNAIRES; RHEUMATOLOGY; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 33750599355     PISSN: 09612033     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0961203306072425     Document Type: Letter

References (15)

1. Manzi S, Meilahn EN, Raine JE et al. Age-specific incidence rates of myocardial infarction and angina in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: comparison with the Framingham Study. Am J Epidemiol 1997; 145: 408-415.
2. Ward MM. Premature morbidity from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in women with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 338-346.
3. Bruce IN, Urowitz MB, Gladman DD, Hallett DC. Natural history of hypercholesterolemia in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 1999; 26: 2137-2143.
4. Bessant R, Hingorani A, Patel L, MacGregor A, Isenberg DA, Rahman A. Risk of coronary heart disease and stroke in a large British cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2004; 43: 924-929.
5. Esdaile JM, Abrahamowicz M, Grodzicky T et al. Traditional Framingham risk factors fail to fully account for accelerated atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2001; 44: 2331-2337.
6. Hahn BH. Systemic lupus erythematosus and accelerated atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med 2003; 349: 2379-2380.
7. Rahman P, Urowitz MB, Gladman DD, Bruce IN, Genest J Jr. Contribution of traditional risk factors to coronary artery disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 1999; 26: 2363-2368.
8. Wajed J, Ahmad Y, Durrington PN, Bruce IN. Prevention of cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus - proposed guidelines for risk factor management. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2004; 43: 7-12.
9. British Cardiac Society, British Hyperlipidaemia Association, British Hypertension Society, endorsed by the British Diabetic Association. Joint British recommendations on prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practice. Heart 1998; 80 (Suppl 2): S1-S29.
10. Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). Expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 2001; 285: 2486-2497.
11. Haffner SM, Lehto S, Ronnemaa T, Pyorala K, Laakso M. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in non-diabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 229-234.
12. Bruce IN, Urowitz MB, Gladman DD, Ibanez D, Steiner G. Risk factors for coronary heart disease in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: the Toronto Risk Factor Study. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 48: 3159-3167.
13. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet 1994; 344: 1383-1389.
14. Downs JR, Clearfield M, Tyroler HA et al. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (AFCAPS/TEXCAPS): additional perspectives on tolerability of long-term treatment with lovastatin. Am J Cardiol 2001; 87: 1074-1079.
15. Petri M, Roubenoff R, Dallal GE, Nadeau MR, Selhub J, Rosenberg IH. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for atherothrombotic events in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet 1996; 348: 1120-1124.