Android science and animal rights, does an analogy exist?

Connection Science

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 403-417

  Calverley, David J ^a  

^a ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Androids; Animal rights; Ethics; Legal personhood; Legal rights; Moral rights

Indexed keywords

ANDROIDS; ANIMAL RIGHTS; ETHICS; LEGAL PERSONHOOD; LEGAL RIGHTS; MORAL RIGHT;

ANIMALS; PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS;

ROBOTS;

EID: 33750568185     PISSN: 09540091     EISSN: 13600494     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09540090600879711     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. A. Arita, K. Hiraki, T. Kanda and H. Ishiguro, "Can we talk to robots? Ten-month-old infants expected interactive humanoid robots to be talked to by persons", Cognition, 95, pp. 49-57, 2005.
2. I. Asimov, I, Robot, London: Dobson, 1950.
3. A. J. Ayers, "The concept of a person", in The Concept of a Person and Other Essays, New York: St. Martin's Press, 1963.
4. J. Bentham, An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation, J.H. Burns and H.L.A. Hart, Eds, London: Methuen, 1789/1970.
5. C. Breazeal, Designing Sociable Robots, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002.
6. R. Brooks, Flesh and Machines: How Robots will Change Us, New York: Pantheon Books, 2002.
7. D. Calverley, "Towards a method for determining the legal status of a conscious machine", in Proceedings of the AISB 2005 Symposium on Next Generation Approaches to Machine Consciousness: Imagination, Development, Intel-subjectivity, and Embodiment, 2005a.
8. D. Calverley, "Can a non-biological machine become a legal person", in Cognitive, Emotive and Ethical Aspects of Decision Making in Humans and Artificial Intelligence, Vol. IV, Windsor, Canada: HAS, 2005b.
9. D. Calverley, "Additional thoughts concerning the legal status of a non-biological machine", in Symposium on Machine Ethics, AAAI Fall Symposium 2005, 2005c.
10. M. Davis, and N. Naffeine, Are Persons Property?, Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing, 2001.
11. H. de Garis, "What if AI succeeds: the rise of the 21st century artilect", AI Magazine, 10, pp. 16-22, 1989.
12. H. de Garis, "Moral dilemmas concerning the ultra intelligent machine", Revue Int. Phil, 44, pp. 131-138, 1990.
13. D. DeGrazia, Taking Animals Seriously, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
14. A. Faiola, "Humanoids with attitude", Washington Post Foreign Service, 11 March 2005.
15. G. Francione, Introduction to Animal Rights, Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000.
16. S. Franklin, "IDA: a conscious artifact", J. Conscious. Stud., 10, pp. 47-66, 2003.
17. S. Franklin, "Evolutionary pressures and a stable world for animals and robots: a commentary on Merker", Conscious. Cognit., 14, pp. 115-118, 2005.
18. R.G. Frey, Interests and Rights: The Case Against Animals, Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1980.
19. T. Friend, Animal Talk, New York: Free Press, 2004.
20. L. Frost and R. Bonnie, The Evolution of Mental Health Law, Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2001.
21. M. Garrison and C. Schneider, The Law of Bioethics: Individual Autonomy and Social Regulation, St. Paul: Thomson-West, 2003.
22. J.C. Gray, The Nature and Sources of the Law, R. Gray, Ed., New York: McMillan, 1909/1921.
23. C. Heckman, Liability for Autonomous Agent Design: Autonomous Agents and Multi-agent Systems, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic, 1999.
24. S. Inayatullah, "The rights of your robots: exclusion and inclusion in history and future". Available online at: www.kurzweilai.net (2001).
25. H. Ishiguro, "Android science: conscious and subconscious recognition", Connection Sci., 2006 (this issue).
26. P.H. Kahn, Jr, H. Ishiguro, B. Friedman and T. Kanda, "What is a human? - Toward psychological benchmarks in the field of human-robot interaction", in Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN), 2006.
27. I. Kant, Lectures on Ethics, P. Heath, Ed., J.B. Schneewind, Transi., New York: Cambridge University Press, 1794/1996.
28. H. Kelsen, Pure Theory of Law, M. Knight, Transi., Berkeley, CA: University California Press, 1967.
29. J. Kim, "Multiple realization and the metaphysics of reduction", in Philosophy of Mind, D. Chalmers, Ed., New York: Oxford University Press, 1992/2002.
30. M. LaChat, "Artificial intelligence and ethics: an exercise in the moral imagination", AI Magazine, 7, pp. 70-79, 1986.
31. B. Lee, "Empathy, androids and 'authentic experience'", Connection Sci., 2006 (this issue).
32. J. Lindblom and T. Ziemke, "The social body in motion: cognitive development in infants and androids", Connection Sci., 2006 (this issue).
33. J. Locke, "Two treatises of government", in Two Treatises of Government: A Critical Edition with an Introduction and Apparatus Criticus by P. Laslett, London: Cambridge University Press, 1689a/1967.
34. J. Locke, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, P. Niddich, Ed., Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1689b/1975.
35. K.F. MacDorman and S.J. Cowley, "Long-term relationships as a benchmark for robot personhood", in Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN), 2006.
36. K.F. MacDorman and H. Ishiguro, "The uncanny advantage of using androids in social and cognitive science research", Internet. Stud., 7(3), pp. 297-337, 2006.
37. E. Macphail, The Evolution of Consciousness, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
38. B. Mazlish, The Fourth Discontinuity: The Co-evolution of Humans and Machines, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993.
39. M. Midgley, Animals and Why They Matter, Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1983.
40. T. Minato, M. Shimada, H. Ishiguro and S. Itakura, "Development of an android for studying human-robot interaction", in Innovations in Applied Artificial Intelligence: The 17th International Conference, on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, R. Orchard, C. Yang and M. Ali, Eds, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, Berlin: Springer, 2004.
41. M. Mori, "Bukimi no tani [the uncanny valley]", Energy, 7, pp. 33-35, 1970.
42. R. Nelson, Make Prayers to the Raven, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983.
43. Note, "The personification of the business corporation in American law", 54 University of Chicago Law Review, 1441, pp. 1464-1478, 1987.
44. C.H. Ramey, "For the sake of others' : the personal ethics of human-android interaction", in Proceedings of the CogSci 2005 Workshop: Toward Social Mechanisms of Android Science, pp. 137-148, 2005a.
45. C.H. Ramey, "The uncanny valley of similarities concerning abortion, baldness, heaps of sand, and humanlike robots", in Proceedings of the Views of the Uncanny Valley Workshop, IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots, 2005b.
46. K.R. Rao, Consciousness Studies, Cross-cultural Perspectives, Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2002.
47. T. Regan, The Case for Animal Rights, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1983.
48. A. Rorty, The Identity of Persons, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.
49. R. Ryder, Victims of Science: The Use of Animals in Research, London: Davis-Poynter, 1975.
50. G. Ryle, The Concept of Mind, London: Hutchinson, 1949.
51. F. Schauer, "The limited domain of law", 90 Virginia Law Review, pp. 1909-1955, 2004.
52. M. Shelley, Frankenstein, New York: Barnes & Noble, 1817/1993.
53. P. Singer, Animal Liberation, New York: Random House, 1975.
54. J.C.C. Smart, "An outline of a system of utilitarian ethics", in Utilitarianism, for and against, J.C.C. Smart and B. Williams, Eds, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.
55. G.P. Smith, II, Bioethics and the Law, Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1993.
56. L. Solum, "Legal personhood for artificial intelligences", 70 North Camlina Law Review, 1231, 1992.
57. R. Sorabji, Animal Minds and Human Morals: The Origin of the Western Debate, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1993.
58. C. Stone, Should Trees Have Standing? Toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects, Los Altos, CA: Kaufman, 1974.
59. P. Strawson, Individuals, London: Methune, 1959.
60. O. Sugiyama, T. Kanda, M. Imai, H. Ishiguro and N. Hagita, "Humanlike conversation with gestures and verbal cues based on a three-layer attention-drawing model", Connection Sci., 2006 (this issue).
61. T. Tännsjö, Hedonistic Utilitarianism, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998.
62. R. Tur, "The 'person' in law", in Persons and Personality: A Contemporary Inquiry, A. Peacock and G. Gilbert, Eds, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1987.
63. M. Tushnet, "The American law of slavery, 1810-1860: a study in the persistence of legal autonomy", 10 Law and Sociology Review, 119, 1975.
64. J. Waldron, The Right to Private Property, New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
65. P.A. Werhane, A. Gini and D. Ozer (Eds), Philosophical Issues in Human Rights, New York: Random House, 1985.
66. T. Ziemke and J. Lindblom, "Some methodological issues in android science," Interact. Stud., 7(3), pp. 339-342, 2006.