Impact of the timing of male emergence on mating capacity of males in Trichogramma evanescens Westwood

BioControl

Volumn 51, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 703-713

  Doyon, Josée ^a,c   Boivin, Guy ^b  

^a Centre de Recherche et de Développement en Horticulture ^*  (Canada)

^b Ctr de Rech et de Devmt en Hort   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

Egg parasitoids; Emergence; Hymenoptera; Protandric; Reproduction; Sexual dimorphism; Trichogrammatidae

Indexed keywords

EMERGENCE; HOST; INSECT; MALE BEHAVIOR; MATE CHOICE; MATING BEHAVIOR; OVIPOSITION; PATCH SIZE; POPULATION STRUCTURE; PROTANDRY; SEXUAL SELECTION;

HYMENOPTERA; TRICHOGRAMMA; TRICHOGRAMMA EVANESCENS; TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE;

EID: 33750546067     PISSN: 13866141     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10526-006-9001-0     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. van den Assem, J. and F. Jachmann, 1982. The coevolution of receptivity signalling and body size in the Chalcidoidea. Behavior 80: 96-105.
2. Boivin, G. and M. Lagacé, 1999. Effet de la taille sur la fitness de Trichogramma evanescens (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 35: 371-378.
3. Bradshaw, W.E., C.H. Holzapefel, C.A. Kleckener and J.J. Hard, 1997. Heritability of development time and protandry in the pitcher-plant mosquitoe, Wyeomyia smithii. Ecology 78: 969-976.
4. Bulmer, M.G., 1983a. Models for the evolution of protandry in insects. Theor. Pop. Biol. 23: 314-322.
5. Bulmer, M.G., 1983b. Models for the evolution of protandry in social Hymenoptera. Am. Nat. 121: 540-551.
6. Daan, S., 1981. Adaptative daily strategies in behavior. In: J. Aschoff (ed), Handbook of Behavioral Neurology, Vol. 4: Biological Rhythms. Plenum Press, New York. pp. 275-298.
7. Darwin, C., 1871. The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex. John Murray, London.
8. Fagerström, T. and C. Wiklund, 1982. Why do males emerge before females? Protandry as a mating strategy in male and female butterflies. Oecologia 52: 164-166.
9. Godin, C., 1997. Seasonal occurrence and parasitism of lepidopterous pests of crucifers, and host age selection by a potential control agent: Trichogramma. M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Macdonald College, McGill University.
10. Grewal, P.S., S. Selvan, E.E. Lewis and R. Gaugler, 1993. Male insect-parasitic nematodes: a colonizing sex. Experientia 49: 605-608.
11. Gunnarsson, B. and J. Johnsson, 1990. Protandry and moulting to maturity in the spider Pityophantes phrygianus. Oikos 59: 205-212.
12. Hastings, J., 1989. Protandry in western cicada killer wasps, (Sphecius grandis, Hymenoptera: Sphecidae): an empirical study of emergence time and mating opportunity. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 25: 255-260.
13. Iwasa, Y., F.J. Odendaal, D.D. Murphy, P.R. Ehrlich and A.E. Launer, 1983. Emergence patterns in male butterflies: a hypothesis and a test. Theor. Pop. Biol. 23: 363-379.
14. Lankinen, P., 1986. Geographical variation in circadian eclosion rhythm and photoperiodic adult diapause in Drosophila littoralis. J. Comp. Physiol., A 159: 123-142.
15. Lederhouse, R.C., M.D. Finke and J.M. Scriber, 1982. The contributions of larval growth and pupal duration to protandry in the black swallowtail butterfly, Papilo polyxenes. Oecologia 53: 296-300.
16. Mackauer, M. and R. Sequeira, 1993. Patterns of development in insect parasites. In: Parasites and Pathogens of Insects, Vol. 1. Academic Press, New-York. pp. 1-23.
17. Martel, V. and G. Boivin, 2004. Premating dispersion in the egg parasitoid Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Environ. Entomol. 33: 855-859.
18. Michener, G.R., 1984. Age, sex, and species differences in the annual cycles of ground-dwelling sciurids: implications for sociality. In: J.O. Murie and G.R. Michener (eds), The Biology of Ground-dwelling Squirrels: Annual Cycles, Behavioral Ecology, and Sociality. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln. pp. 79-107.
19. Nadel, H. and R.F. Luck, 1985. Span of female emergence and male sperm depletion in the female-biased, quasi-gregarious parasitoid, Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Chalcidoidae: Pteromalidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 78: 410-414.
20. Nunney, L. and R.F. Luck, 1988. Factors influencing the optimum sex ratio in a structured population. Theor. Popul. Biol. 33: 1-30.
21. Olsson, M. and T. Madsen, 1996. Costs of mating with infertile males selects for late emergence in female sand lizards (Lacerta agilis). Copeia 2: 462-464.
22. Olsson, M., T. Birkhead and R. Shine, 1998. Can relaxed time constraints on sperm production eliminate protandry in an ectotherm? Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 66: 159-170.
23. Parker, G.A. and S.P. Courtney, 1983. Seasonal incidence: adaptative variation in the timing of life history stages. J. Theor. Biol. 105: 47-155.
24. Pompanon, F., P. Fouillet and M. Bouletréau, 1995. Emergence rhythms and protandry in relation to daily patterns of locomotor activity in Trichogramma species. Evol. Ecol. 9: 467-477.
25. Royer, L. and J.N. McNeil, 1992. Evidence of a male sex pheromone in the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Can. Entomol. 124: 113-116.
26. Saint-Girons, H., 1977. Sperm survival and transport in the female genital tract of reptiles. In: E.S.E. Hafez and C.G. Thibault (eds), Biology of Spermatozoa. Karger, Basel. pp. 105-113.
27. Scott, J.A., 1977. Competitive exclusion due to mate searching behavior male-female emergence lags and fluctuation in number of progeny in model of invertebrate populations. J. Anim. Ecol. 46: 909-924.
28. Singer, M.C., 1982. Sexual selection for small size in male butterflies. Am. Nat. 119: 440-443.
29. Taylor, B.W., C.R. Anderson and B.L. Peckarsky, 1998. Effects of size at metamorphosis on stonefly fecundity, longevity, and reproductive success. Oecologia 114: 494-502.
30. Thornill, R. and J. Alcock, 1983. The Evolution of Insect Mating Systems. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
31. Waage, J.K. and N.G.S. Ming, 1984. The reproductive strategy of a parasitic wasp I. Optimal progeny and sex allocation in Trichogramma evanescens. J. Anim. Ecol. 53: 401-415.
32. Wallace, A.R., 1889. Darwinism: An Exposition of the Theory of Natural Selection with some of its Applications. Macmillan, London.
33. Wang, G.Y., M.D. Greenfield and T.E. Shelly, 1990. Inter-male competition for highquality host-plants: the evolution of protandry in a territorial grasshopper. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 27: 191-198.
34. Wedell, N., 1992. Protandry and mate assessment in the wartbiter Decticus verrucivorus (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 31: 301-308.
35. Werren, J.H., 1980. Sex ratio adaptations to local mate competition in a parasitic wasp. Science 208: 1157-1159.
36. Wiklund, C. and T. Fagerström, 1977. Why do males emerge before females? Oecologia 31: 153-158.
37. Wiklund, C. and C. Solbreck, 1982. Adaptative versus incidental explanations for the occurrence of protandry in butterfly, Leptidae sinapis L. Evolution 36: 56-62.
38. Wiklund, C., V. Lindfors and J. Forsberg, 1996. Early male emergence and reproductive phenology of the adult overwintering butterfly Gonepteryx rhamni in Sweden. Oikos 75: 227-240.
39. Zonneveld, C., 1996a. Being big or emerging early? Polyandry and the trade-off between size and emergence in male butterflies. Am. Nat. 147: 946-965.
40. Zonneveld, C., 1996b. Sperm competition cannot eliminate protandry. J. Theor. Biol. 178: 105-112.
41. Zonneveld, C. and J.A.J. Metz, 1991. Models on butterfly protandry: virgin females are at risk to die. Theor. Pop. Biol. 40: 308-321.