메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 93, Issue 10, 2006, Pages 1531-1545

The biomechanics of browsing and grazing

Author keywords

Browsing; Chewing; Fracture biomechanics; Grazing; Leaf biomechanics; Leaf toughness

Indexed keywords

BIOMECHANICS; BROWSING; FRACTURE MECHANICS; GRAZING; HERBIVORE; LEAF; MECHANICAL PROPERTY;

EID: 33750476630     PISSN: 00029122     EISSN: 00029122     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3732/ajb.93.10.1531     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (102)

References (107)
  • 1
    • 0036260930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The form and function of the selenodont molar in southern African ruminants in relation to their feeding habits
    • ARCHER, D., AND G. D. SANSON. 2002. The form and function of the selenodont molar in southern African ruminants in relation to their feeding habits. Journal of Zoology, London 257: 13-26.
    • (2002) Journal of Zoology, London , vol.257 , pp. 13-26
    • Archer, D.1    Sanson, G.D.2
  • 4
    • 0000147232 scopus 로고
    • Cause of wear in sheep's teeth
    • BAKER, G., L. H. P. JONES, AND I. D. WARDROP. 1959. Cause of wear in sheep's teeth. Nature 184: 1583-1584.
    • (1959) Nature , vol.184 , pp. 1583-1584
    • Baker, G.1    Jones, L.H.P.2    Wardrop, I.D.3
  • 5
    • 0027040815 scopus 로고
    • Digestion of uncrushed leaf tissues by leafsnipping larval Lepidoptera
    • BARBEHENN, R. V. 1992. Digestion of uncrushed leaf tissues by leafsnipping larval Lepidoptera. Oecologia 89: 229-235.
    • (1992) Oecologia , vol.89 , pp. 229-235
    • Barbehenn, R.V.1
  • 6
    • 0027012294 scopus 로고
    • 4 grasses for a graminivorous lepidopteran, Paratrytone melane (Hesperiidae)
    • 4 grasses for a graminivorous lepidopteran, Paratrytone melane (Hesperiidae). Oecologia 92: 97-103.
    • (1992) Oecologia , vol.92 , pp. 97-103
    • Barbahenn, R.V.1    Bernays, E.A.2
  • 7
    • 0000497070 scopus 로고
    • Nutritional ecology of microtine rodents: Digestibility of forage
    • BATZLI, G. O., AND F. R. COLE. 1979. Nutritional ecology of microtine rodents: digestibility of forage. Journal of Mammalogy 60: 740-750.
    • (1979) Journal of Mammalogy , vol.60 , pp. 740-750
    • Batzli, G.O.1    Cole, F.R.2
  • 8
    • 0022063856 scopus 로고
    • Utilization of chopped and long alfalfa by dairy heifers
    • BELYEA, R. L., P. J. MARIN, AND H. T. SEDGWICK. 1985. Utilization of chopped and long alfalfa by dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science 68: 1297-1301.
    • (1985) Journal of Dairy Science , vol.68 , pp. 1297-1301
    • Belyea, R.L.1    Marin, P.J.2    Sedgwick, H.T.3
  • 9
    • 0001635761 scopus 로고
    • Diet-induced head allometry among foliage-chewing insects and its importance for graminivores
    • BERNAYS, E. A. 1986. Diet-induced head allometry among foliage-chewing insects and its importance for graminivores. Science 231: 495-497.
    • (1986) Science , vol.231 , pp. 495-497
    • Bernays, E.A.1
  • 11
    • 0024187724 scopus 로고
    • Saturniid and sphingid caterpillars: Two ways to eat leaves
    • BERNAYS, E. A., AND D. H. JANZEN. 1988. Saturniid and sphingid caterpillars: two ways to eat leaves. Ecology 69: 1153-1160.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 1153-1160
    • Bernays, E.A.1    Janzen, D.H.2
  • 12
    • 0031141904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of plant and tooth structure on intake and digestibility in two small mammalian herbivores
    • BEZZOBS, T., AND G. D. SANSON. 1997. The effects of plant and tooth structure on intake and digestibility in two small mammalian herbivores. Physiological Zoology 70: 338-351.
    • (1997) Physiological Zoology , vol.70 , pp. 338-351
    • Bezzobs, T.1    Sanson, G.D.2
  • 13
    • 0023647696 scopus 로고
    • Comparative aspects of digestion in the hindgut of mammals. The colonic separation mechanism (CSM)
    • (a review)
    • BJORNHAG, G. 1987. Comparative aspects of digestion in the hindgut of mammals. The colonic separation mechanism (CSM) (a review). Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift 94: 33-36.
    • (1987) Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift , vol.94 , pp. 33-36
    • Bjornhag, G.1
  • 14
    • 0010507932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaf toughness in Quercus agrifolia and its effects on tissue selection by first instars of Phryganidia californica (Lepidoptera: Dioptidae) and Bucculatrix albertiella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae)
    • CASHER, L. E. 1996. Leaf toughness in Quercus agrifolia and its effects on tissue selection by first instars of Phryganidia californica (Lepidoptera: Dioptidae) and Bucculatrix albertiella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 89: 109-121.
    • (1996) Annals of the Entomological Society of America , vol.89 , pp. 109-121
    • Casher, L.E.1
  • 15
    • 0000249619 scopus 로고
    • Plant-herbivore interactions: The indigestibility of C4 bundle sheath cells by grasshoppers
    • CASWELL, H., AND F. C. REED. 1976. Plant-herbivore interactions: the indigestibility of C4 bundle sheath cells by grasshoppers. Oecologia 26: 151-156.
    • (1976) Oecologia , vol.26 , pp. 151-156
    • Caswell, H.1    Reed, F.C.2
  • 17
    • 0001369485 scopus 로고
    • The structure and wear of the mandibles in some African grasshoppers
    • CHAPMAN, R. F. 1964. The structure and wear of the mandibles in some African grasshoppers. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 142: 107-121.
    • (1964) Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London , vol.142 , pp. 107-121
    • Chapman, R.F.1
  • 18
    • 0008289122 scopus 로고
    • Mechanics of food handling by chewing insects
    • R. F. Chapman and G. de Boer [eds.]. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA
    • CHAPMAN, R. F. 1995. Mechanics of food handling by chewing insects. In R. F. Chapman and G. de Boer [eds.], Regulatory mechanisms in insect feeding, 3-31. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
    • (1995) Regulatory Mechanisms in Insect Feeding , pp. 3-31
    • Chapman, R.F.1
  • 19
    • 0030303299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What makes a leaf tough and how this affects the pattern of Castanopsis fissa leaf consumption by caterpillars
    • CHOONG, M. F. 1996. What makes a leaf tough and how this affects the pattern of Castanopsis fissa leaf consumption by caterpillars. Functional Ecology 10: 668-674.
    • (1996) Functional Ecology , vol.10 , pp. 668-674
    • Choong, M.F.1
  • 20
    • 14844318074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant functional traits, herbivore selectivity and response to sheep grazing in Patagonian steppe grasslands
    • CINGOLANI, A. M., G. POSSE, AND M. B. COLLANTES. 2005. Plant functional traits, herbivore selectivity and response to sheep grazing in Patagonian steppe grasslands. Journal of Applied Ecology 42: 50-59.
    • (2005) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.42 , pp. 50-59
    • Cingolani, A.M.1    Posse, G.2    Collantes, M.B.3
  • 21
    • 33748499340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The paradoxical effects of nutrient ratios and supply rates on an outbreaking insect herbivore, the Australian plague locust
    • CLISSOLD, F., G. D. SANSON, AND J. READ. 2006. The paradoxical effects of nutrient ratios and supply rates on an outbreaking insect herbivore, the Australian plague locust. Journal of Animal Ecology 75: 1000-1013.
    • (2006) Journal of Animal Ecology , vol.75 , pp. 1000-1013
    • Clissold, F.1    Sanson, G.D.2    Read, J.3
  • 22
    • 0026312069 scopus 로고
    • Digestion and nutrition - A review
    • A. K. Lee, K. Handasyde, and G. D. Sanson [eds.]. Surrey Beatty and Sons, Sydney, Australia
    • CORK, S. J., AND G. D. SANSON. 1991. Digestion and nutrition - A review. In A. K. Lee, K. Handasyde, and G. D. Sanson [eds.], The biology of the koala, 129-144. Surrey Beatty and Sons, Sydney, Australia.
    • (1991) The Biology of the Koala , pp. 129-144
    • Cork, S.J.1    Sanson, G.D.2
  • 25
    • 0022194567 scopus 로고
    • A nutritional explanation for body size patterns of ruminant and non-ruminant herbivores
    • DEMMENT, M. W., AND P. J. VAN SOEST. 1985. A nutritional explanation for body size patterns of ruminant and non-ruminant herbivores. American Naturalist 125: 641-672.
    • (1985) American Naturalist , vol.125 , pp. 641-672
    • Demment, M.W.1    Van Soest, P.J.2
  • 27
    • 0001302419 scopus 로고
    • Cellulose and the evolution of plant life
    • DUCHESNE, L. C., AND D. W. LARSON. 1989. Cellulose and the evolution of plant life. BioScience 39: 238-241.
    • (1989) BioScience , vol.39 , pp. 238-241
    • Duchesne, L.C.1    Larson, D.W.2
  • 28
    • 0000333347 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal changes in oak leaf tannins and nutrients as a cause of spring feeding by winter moth caterpillars
    • FEENY, P. 1970. Seasonal changes in oak leaf tannins and nutrients as a cause of spring feeding by winter moth caterpillars. Ecology 51: 565-581.
    • (1970) Ecology , vol.51 , pp. 565-581
    • Feeny, P.1
  • 29
    • 0027038006 scopus 로고
    • Utilization of fibrous diets in small herbivores - How far can the rules be bent?
    • FOLEY, W. J., AND S. J. CORK. 1992. Utilization of fibrous diets in small herbivores - how far can the rules be bent? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 7: 159-162.
    • (1992) Trends in Ecology and Evolution , vol.7 , pp. 159-162
    • Foley, W.J.1    Cork, S.J.2
  • 30
    • 0001267429 scopus 로고
    • Passage of digesta markers in two species of arboreal folivorous marsupials - The greater glider (Petauroides volans) and the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)
    • FOLEY, W. J., AND I. D. HUME. 1987. Passage of digesta markers in two species of arboreal folivorous marsupials - the greater glider (Petauroides volans) and the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). Physiological Zoology 60: 103-113.
    • (1987) Physiological Zoology , vol.60 , pp. 103-113
    • Foley, W.J.1    Hume, I.D.2
  • 31
    • 0022248040 scopus 로고
    • Ungulate cheek teeth: Developmental, functional and evolutionary interrelations
    • FORTELIUS, M. 1985. Ungulate cheek teeth: developmental, functional and evolutionary interrelations. Acta Zoolica Fennica 180: 1-75.
    • (1985) Acta Zoolica Fennica , vol.180 , pp. 1-75
    • Fortelius, M.1
  • 32
    • 18644386431 scopus 로고
    • The mammalian dentition, a "tangled" view
    • FORTELIUS, M. 1990. The mammalian dentition, a "tangled" view. Netherlands Journal of Zoology 40: 312-328.
    • (1990) Netherlands Journal of Zoology , vol.40 , pp. 312-328
    • Fortelius, M.1
  • 34
    • 84970543375 scopus 로고
    • Ingestive and digestive responses to dietary fibre and nitrogen by two macropodid marsupials (Macropus robustus erubescens and M. r. robustus) and a ruminant (Capra hircus)
    • FREUDENBERGER, D., AND I. HUME. 1992. Ingestive and digestive responses to dietary fibre and nitrogen by two macropodid marsupials (Macropus robustus erubescens and M. r. robustus) and a ruminant (Capra hircus). Australian Journal of Zoology 40: 181-194.
    • (1992) Australian Journal of Zoology , vol.40 , pp. 181-194
    • Freudenberger, D.1    Hume, I.2
  • 35
    • 0036944843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Megaherbivores influence trophic guild structure in African ungulate communities
    • FRITZ, H., P. DUNCAN, I. J. GORDON, AND A. ILLIUS. 2002. Megaherbivores influence trophic guild structure in African ungulate communities. Oecologia 131: 620-625.
    • (2002) Oecologia , vol.131 , pp. 620-625
    • Fritz, H.1    Duncan, P.2    Gordon, I.J.3    Illius, A.4
  • 37
    • 0021537436 scopus 로고
    • Mastication and digestion in Pseudocheirus
    • A. P. Smith and I. D. Hume [eds.]. Surrey Beatty and Sons, Sydney, Australia
    • GIPPS, J. M., AND G. D. SANSON. 1984. Mastication and digestion in Pseudocheirus. In A. P. Smith and I. D. Hume [eds.], Possums and gliders, 237-246. Surrey Beatty and Sons, Sydney, Australia.
    • (1984) Possums and Gliders , pp. 237-246
    • Gipps, J.M.1    Sanson, G.D.2
  • 38
    • 0003127227 scopus 로고
    • Incisor arcade structure and diet selection in ruminants
    • GORDON, I. J., AND A. W. ILLIUS. 1988. Incisor arcade structure and diet selection in ruminants. Functional Ecology 2: 15-22.
    • (1988) Functional Ecology , vol.2 , pp. 15-22
    • Gordon, I.J.1    Illius, A.W.2
  • 39
    • 33750431450 scopus 로고
    • The new science of strong materials: Or why you don't fall through the floor
    • London, UK
    • GORDON, J. E. 1968. The new science of strong materials: or why you don't fall through the floor. Penguin Books, London, UK.
    • (1968) Penguin Books
    • Gordon, J.E.1
  • 40
    • 0003951385 scopus 로고
    • Structures: Or why things don't fall down
    • London, UK
    • GORDON, J. E. 1978. Structures: or why things don't fall down. Penguin Books, London, UK.
    • (1978) Penguin Books
    • Gordon, J.E.1
  • 41
    • 33750453845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant-animal mechanics and bite procurement in grazing ruminants
    • A. Herrel, T. Speck, and N. Rowe [eds.]. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
    • GRIFFITHS, W. M. 2006. Plant-animal mechanics and bite procurement in grazing ruminants. In A. Herrel, T. Speck, and N. Rowe [eds.], Biomechanics: a mechanical approach to the ecology of animals and plants, 101-122. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
    • (2006) Biomechanics: A Mechanical Approach to the Ecology of Animals and Plants , pp. 101-122
    • Griffiths, W.M.1
  • 42
    • 0029662686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional ecology of dimorphic herbivores: Digestion and passage rates in Nubian ibex
    • GROSS, J. E., P. U. ALKON, AND M. W. DEMMENT. 1996. Nutritional ecology of dimorphic herbivores: digestion and passage rates in Nubian ibex. Oecologia 107: 170-178.
    • (1996) Oecologia , vol.107 , pp. 170-178
    • Gross, J.E.1    Alkon, P.U.2    Demment, M.W.3
  • 43
    • 0028976019 scopus 로고
    • Feeding and chewing behaviours of Nubian ibex: Compensation for sex-related differences in body size
    • GROSS, J. E., M. W. DEMMENT, P. U. ALKON, AND M. KOTZMAN. 1995. Feeding and chewing behaviours of Nubian ibex: compensation for sex-related differences in body size. Functional Ecology 9: 385-393.
    • (1995) Functional Ecology , vol.9 , pp. 385-393
    • Gross, J.E.1    Demment, M.W.2    Alkon, P.U.3    Kotzman, M.4
  • 44
    • 0027428199 scopus 로고
    • Functional response of herbivores in food-concentrated patches: Tests of a mechanistic model
    • GROSS, J. E., L. A. SHIPLEY, N. T. HOBBS, D. E. SPALINGER, AND B. A. WUNDER. 1993. Functional response of herbivores in food-concentrated patches: tests of a mechanistic model. Ecology 74: 778-791.
    • (1993) Ecology , vol.74 , pp. 778-791
    • Gross, J.E.1    Shipley, L.A.2    Hobbs, N.T.3    Spalinger, D.E.4    Wunder, B.A.5
  • 45
    • 0026379249 scopus 로고
    • The role of diet quality and energy need in the nutritional ecology of a small herbivore, Microtus ochrogaster
    • HAMMOND, K. A., AND B. A. WUNDER. 1991. The role of diet quality and energy need in the nutritional ecology of a small herbivore, Microtus ochrogaster. Physiological Zoology 64: 541-567.
    • (1991) Physiological Zoology , vol.64 , pp. 541-567
    • Hammond, K.A.1    Wunder, B.A.2
  • 47
    • 0022232332 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical limitations on feeding by meadow spittlebugs Philaenus spumaris (Homoptera: Cercopidae) on wild and cultivated host plants
    • HOFFMAN, G. D., AND P. B. MCEVOY. 1986. Mechanical limitations on feeding by meadow spittlebugs Philaenus spumaris (Homoptera: Cercopidae) on wild and cultivated host plants. Ecological Entomology 11: 415-426.
    • (1986) Ecological Entomology , vol.11 , pp. 415-426
    • Hoffman, G.D.1    McEvoy, P.B.2
  • 48
    • 0000638971 scopus 로고
    • Comparisons of the rumen and omasum structure in East African game ruminants in relation to their feeding habits
    • HOFMANN, R. R. 1968. Comparisons of the rumen and omasum structure in East African game ruminants in relation to their feeding habits. Symposium of the Zoological Society of London 21: 179-194.
    • (1968) Symposium of the Zoological Society of London , vol.21 , pp. 179-194
    • Hofmann, R.R.1
  • 49
    • 0004261534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
    • HUME, I. 1999. Marsupial nutrition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • (1999) Marsupial Nutrition
    • Hume, I.1
  • 50
    • 0009830860 scopus 로고
    • Correlation between mandibular morphology and food specificity in grasshoppers
    • ISELY, F. B. 1944. Correlation between mandibular morphology and food specificity in grasshoppers. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 37: 47-67.
    • (1944) Annals of the Entomological Society of America , vol.37 , pp. 47-67
    • Isely, F.B.1
  • 52
    • 0026592128 scopus 로고
    • A model of dietary fibre utilization by small mammalian herbivores, with empirical results for Neotoma
    • JUSTICE, K. E., AND F. A. SMITH. 1992. A model of dietary fibre utilization by small mammalian herbivores, with empirical results for Neotoma. American Naturalist 139: 398-416.
    • (1992) American Naturalist , vol.139 , pp. 398-416
    • Justice, K.E.1    Smith, F.A.2
  • 53
    • 0030006813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Static and dynamic fracture properties of the leaf of New Zealand flax Phormium tenax (Phormiaceae: Monocotyledones)
    • KING, M. J., AND J. F. V. VINCENT. 1996. Static and dynamic fracture properties of the leaf of New Zealand flax Phormium tenax (Phormiaceae: Monocotyledones). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, Biological Sciences 263: 521-527.
    • (1996) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, Biological Sciences , vol.263 , pp. 521-527
    • King, M.J.1    Vincent, J.F.V.2
  • 55
    • 0032405658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foraging conditions, tooth wear and herbivore body reserves: A study of female reindeer
    • KOJOLA, I., T. HELLE, E. HUHTA, AND A. NIVA. 1998. Foraging conditions, tooth wear and herbivore body reserves: a study of female reindeer. Oecologia 117: 26-30.
    • (1998) Oecologia , vol.117 , pp. 26-30
    • Kojola, I.1    Helle, T.2    Huhta, E.3    Niva, A.4
  • 57
    • 84985396111 scopus 로고
    • Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) dentition and nutrition. II. Implications of tooth wear in nutrition
    • LANYON, J. M., AND G. D. SANSON. 1986. Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) dentition and nutrition. II. Implications of tooth wear in nutrition. Journal of Zoology 209: 169-181.
    • (1986) Journal of Zoology , vol.209 , pp. 169-181
    • Lanyon, J.M.1    Sanson, G.D.2
  • 58
    • 0036971565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association of tooth wear with sociality of free-ranging koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss)
    • LOGAN, M., AND G. D. SANSON. 2002a. The association of tooth wear with sociality of free-ranging koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss). Australian Journal of Zoology 50: 621-626.
    • (2002) Australian Journal of Zoology , vol.50 , pp. 621-626
    • Logan, M.1    Sanson, G.D.2
  • 59
    • 0036403801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of tooth wear on activity patterns of free-ranging koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss)
    • LOGAN, M., AND G. D. SANSON. 2002b. The effects of tooth wear on activity patterns of free-ranging koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss). Australian Journal of Zoology 50: 281-292.
    • (2002) Australian Journal of Zoology , vol.50 , pp. 281-292
    • Logan, M.1    Sanson, G.D.2
  • 60
    • 0036159193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of tooth wear on the feeding behaviour of free-ranging koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss)
    • LOGAN, M., AND G. D. SANSON. 2002c. The effects of tooth wear on the feeding behaviour of free-ranging koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus Goldfuss). Journal of Zoology, London 256: 63-69.
    • (2002) Journal of Zoology, London , vol.256 , pp. 63-69
    • Logan, M.1    Sanson, G.D.2
  • 64
    • 84986850930 scopus 로고
    • Tooth wear in Eastern Grey Kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) and Western Grey Kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) and its potential influence on diet selection, digestion and population parameters
    • MCARTHUR, C., AND G. D. SANSON. 1988. Tooth wear in Eastern Grey Kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) and Western Grey Kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) and its potential influence on diet selection, digestion and population parameters. Journal of Zoology, London 215: 491-504.
    • (1988) Journal of Zoology, London , vol.215 , pp. 491-504
    • McArthur, C.1    Sanson, G.D.2
  • 65
    • 0003362249 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of mammalian energetics
    • P. Calow [ed.]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
    • MCNAB, B. K. 1987. The evolution of mammalian energetics. In P. Calow [ed.], Evolutionary physiological ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • (1987) Evolutionary Physiological Ecology
    • McNab, B.K.1
  • 66
    • 33750473346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomimetics and technical textiles: Solving engineering problems with the help of nature's wisdom
    • MILWICH, M., T. SPECK, O. SPECK, T. STEGMAIER, AND H. PLANCK. 2006. Biomimetics and technical textiles: solving engineering problems with the help of nature's wisdom. American Journal of Botany 93: 1455-1465.
    • (2006) American Journal of Botany , vol.93 , pp. 1455-1465
    • Milwich, M.1    Speck, T.2    Speck, O.3    Stegmaier, T.4    Planck, H.5
  • 67
    • 0001026670 scopus 로고
    • Feeding ecology of the Macropodoidea
    • G. Grigg, P. Jarman, and I. Hume [eds.]. Surrey Beatty and Sons, Sydney, Australia
    • NORBURY, G. L., G. D. SANSON, AND A. K. LEE. 1989. Feeding ecology of the Macropodoidea. In G. Grigg, P. Jarman, and I. Hume [eds.], Kangaroos, wallabies and rat-kangaroos, 169-178. Surrey Beatty and Sons, Sydney, Australia.
    • (1989) Kangaroos, Wallabies and Rat-kangaroos , pp. 169-178
    • Norbury, G.L.1    Sanson, G.D.2    Lee, A.K.3
  • 69
    • 20444499735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The animal factor in veld management
    • N. M. Tainton [ed.]. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
    • OWEN-SMITH, N. 1999. The animal factor in veld management. In N. M. Tainton [ed.], Veld management in South Africa, 117-138. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
    • (1999) Veld Management in South Africa , pp. 117-138
    • Owen-Smith, N.1
  • 70
    • 0021696880 scopus 로고
    • On the nature of the opaque and translucent enamel regions of some Macropodinae (Macropus giganteus, Wallabia bicolor and Peradorcas concinna)
    • PALAMARA, J., P. P. PHAKEY, W. A. RACHINGER, G. D. SANSON, AND H. J. ORAMS. 1984. On the nature of the opaque and translucent enamel regions of some Macropodinae (Macropus giganteus, Wallabia bicolor and Peradorcas concinna). Cell and Tissue Research 238: 329-337.
    • (1984) Cell and Tissue Research , vol.238 , pp. 329-337
    • Palamara, J.1    Phakey, P.P.2    Rachinger, W.A.3    Sanson, G.D.4    Orams, H.J.5
  • 71
    • 0002203112 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of foregut and hindgut fermentation in herbivores
    • G. G. Montgomery [ed.]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., USA
    • PARRA, R. 1978. Comparison of foregut and hindgut fermentation in herbivores. In G. G. Montgomery [ed.], The ecology of arboreal folivores, 205-229. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
    • (1978) The Ecology of Arboreal Folivores , pp. 205-229
    • Parra, R.1
  • 72
    • 5344268004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlations between leaf constituent levels and the densities of herbivorous insect guilds in an Australian forest
    • PEETERS, P. J. 2002a. Correlations between leaf constituent levels and the densities of herbivorous insect guilds in an Australian forest. Austral Ecology 27: 658-671.
    • (2002) Austral Ecology , vol.27 , pp. 658-671
    • Peeters, P.J.1
  • 73
    • 0036738261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlations between leaf structural traits and the densities of herbivorous insect guilds
    • PEETERS, P. J. 2002b. Correlations between leaf structural traits and the densities of herbivorous insect guilds. Biological Journal Linnean Society 77: 43-65.
    • (2002) Biological Journal Linnean Society , vol.77 , pp. 43-65
    • Peeters, P.J.1
  • 74
    • 33750431114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaf biomechanical properties and the densities of herbivorous insect guilds
    • PEETERS, P. J., G. SANSON, AND J. READ. 2006. Leaf biomechanical properties and the densities of herbivorous insect guilds. Functional Ecology.
    • (2006) Functional Ecology
    • Peeters, P.J.1    Sanson, G.2    Read, J.3
  • 75
    • 0027040041 scopus 로고
    • Effect of plant toughness, calcification, and chemistry on herbivory by Dolabella auricularia
    • PENNINGS, S. C. AND V. J. PAUL. 1992. Effect of plant toughness, calcification, and chemistry on herbivory by Dolabella auricularia. Ecology 73: 1606-1619.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 1606-1619
    • Pennings, S.C.1    Paul, V.J.2
  • 76
    • 0035932914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between oral morphology and feeding style in the Ungulata: A phylogenetically controlled evaluation
    • PEREZ-BARBERIA, F. J., AND I. J. GORDON. 2001. Relationships between oral morphology and feeding style in the Ungulata: a phylogenetically controlled evaluation. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, Biological Sciences 268: 1023-1032.
    • (2001) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, Biological Sciences , vol.268 , pp. 1023-1032
    • Perez-Barberia, F.J.1    Gordon, I.J.2
  • 77
    • 3142611598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential resistance of crape myrtle cultivars to flea beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) damage
    • PETTIS, G. V., D. W. BOYD, S. K. BRAMAN, AND C. POUNDERS. 2004. Potential resistance of crape myrtle cultivars to flea beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) damage. Journal of Economic Entomology 97: 981-992.
    • (2004) Journal of Economic Entomology , vol.97 , pp. 981-992
    • Pettis, G.V.1    Boyd, D.W.2    Braman, S.K.3    Pounders, C.4
  • 78
    • 0022214406 scopus 로고
    • Effects of leaf toughness on mandibular wear of the leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolora
    • RAUPP, M. J. 1985. Effects of leaf toughness on mandibular wear of the leaf beetle, Plagiodera versicolora. Ecological Entomology 10: 73-79.
    • (1985) Ecological Entomology , vol.10 , pp. 73-79
    • Raupp, M.J.1
  • 79
    • 0141683722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterizing sclerophylly: The mechanical properties of a diverse range of leaf types
    • READ, J., AND G. D. SANSON. 2003. Characterizing sclerophylly: the mechanical properties of a diverse range of leaf types. New Phytologist 160: 81-99.
    • (2003) New Phytologist , vol.160 , pp. 81-99
    • Read, J.1    Sanson, G.D.2
  • 80
    • 28344435829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaf mechanical properties in sclerophyll woodland and shrubland on contrasting soils
    • READ, J., G. D. SANSON, AND B. B. LAMONT. 2005. Leaf mechanical properties in sclerophyll woodland and shrubland on contrasting soils. Plant and Soil 276: 95-113.
    • (2005) Plant and Soil , vol.276 , pp. 95-113
    • Read, J.1    Sanson, G.D.2    Lamont, B.B.3
  • 81
    • 33750492567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant biomechanics in an ecological context
    • READ, J., AND A STOKES. 2006. Plant biomechanics in an ecological context. American Journal of Botany 93: 1546-1565.
    • (2006) American Journal of Botany , vol.93 , pp. 1546-1565
    • Read, J.1    Stokes, A.2
  • 82
    • 0001195015 scopus 로고
    • An occlusion model for mastication and dental wear in herbivorous mammals
    • RENSBERGER, J. H. 1973. An occlusion model for mastication and dental wear in herbivorous mammals. Journal of Paleontology 47: 515-528.
    • (1973) Journal of Paleontology , vol.47 , pp. 515-528
    • Rensberger, J.H.1
  • 83
    • 0006474954 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of chewing stress and enamel microstructure in rhinocerotoid cheek teeth
    • P. Smith and E. Tchernov [eds.]. Freund Publishing House, Tel Aviv, Israel
    • RENSBERGER, J. H. 1992. Relationship of chewing stress and enamel microstructure in rhinocerotoid cheek teeth. In P. Smith and E. Tchernov [eds.], Structure, function and evolution of teeth, 163-183. Freund Publishing House, Tel Aviv, Israel.
    • (1992) Structure, Function and Evolution of Teeth , pp. 163-183
    • Rensberger, J.H.1
  • 84
    • 0026882469 scopus 로고
    • Enamel structure in astrapotheres and its functional implications
    • RENSBERGER, J. H., AND H. U. PFRETZSCHNER. 1992. Enamel structure in astrapotheres and its functional implications. Scanning Microscopy 6: 495-510.
    • (1992) Scanning Microscopy , vol.6 , pp. 495-510
    • Rensberger, J.H.1    Pfretzschner, H.U.2
  • 85
    • 3743058545 scopus 로고
    • Functional dental morphology and diet selection in dasyurids
    • SANSON, G. D. 1985. Functional dental morphology and diet selection in dasyurids. Australian Mammalogy 8: 239-247.
    • (1985) Australian Mammalogy , vol.8 , pp. 239-247
    • Sanson, G.D.1
  • 86
    • 0000128720 scopus 로고
    • Morphological adaptations of teeth to diets and feeding in the Macropodoidea
    • G. Grigg, P. Jarman, and I. Hume [eds.]. Surrey Beatty and Sons, Sydney, Australia
    • SANSON, G. D. 1989. Morphological adaptations of teeth to diets and feeding in the Macropodoidea. In G. Grigg, P. Jarman, and I. Hume [eds.], Kangaroos, wallabies and rat-kangaroos, 151-168. Surrey Beatty and Sons, Sydney, Australia.
    • (1989) Kangaroos, Wallabies and Rat-kangaroos , pp. 151-168
    • Sanson, G.D.1
  • 88
    • 0012516213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The measurement of leaf biomechanical properties in herbivory: Opportunities, problems and procedures
    • SANSON, G., J. READ, N. ARANWELA, F. CLISSOLD, AND P. PEETERS. 2001. The measurement of leaf biomechanical properties in herbivory: opportunities, problems and procedures. Austral Ecology 26: 535-546.
    • (2001) Austral Ecology , vol.26 , pp. 535-546
    • Sanson, G.1    Read, J.2    Aranwela, N.3    Clissold, F.4    Peeters, P.5
  • 89
    • 0036960548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tooth hardness increases with zinc-content in mandibles of young leafcutter ants
    • SCHOFIELD, R. M. S., M. H. NESSON, AND K. A. RICHARDSON. 2002. Tooth hardness increases with zinc-content in mandibles of young leafcutter ants. Naturwissenschaften 89: 579-583.
    • (2002) Naturwissenschaften , vol.89 , pp. 579-583
    • Schofield, R.M.S.1    Nesson, M.H.2    Richardson, K.A.3
  • 91
    • 0001037130 scopus 로고
    • The assessment of handling time in ruminants: The effects of plant chemical and physical structure on the rate of breakdown of plant particles in the rumen of the mule, deer and elk
    • SPALINGER, D. E., C. T. ROBBINS, AND T. A. HANLEY. 1986. The assessment of handling time in ruminants: the effects of plant chemical and physical structure on the rate of breakdown of plant particles in the rumen of the mule, deer and elk. Canadian Journal of Zoology 64: 312-331.
    • (1986) Canadian Journal of Zoology , vol.64 , pp. 312-331
    • Spalinger, D.E.1    Robbins, C.T.2    Hanley, T.A.3
  • 92
    • 17544404765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical behaviour of plant tissues: Composite materials or structures?
    • SPATZ, H.-CH., L. KOHLER, AND K. J. NIKLAS. 1999. Mechanical behaviour of plant tissues: composite materials or structures? Journal of Experimental Biology 202: 3269-3272.
    • (1999) Journal of Experimental Biology , vol.202 , pp. 3269-3272
    • Spatz, H.-Ch.1    Kohler, L.2    Niklas, K.J.3
  • 94
    • 3242739233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of managing veld
    • N. M. Tainton [ed.] University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
    • TAINTON, N. M., A. J. AUCAMP, AND J. E. DANCKWERTS. 1999. Principles of managing veld. In N. M. Tainton [ed.], Veld management in South Africa, 169-193. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
    • (1999) Veld Management in South Africa , pp. 169-193
    • Tainton, N.M.1    Aucamp, A.J.2    Danckwerts, J.E.3
  • 95
    • 0033780012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of leaf toughness on the susceptibility of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens to attacks of a phorid parasitoid
    • TONHASCA, A., AND M. A. L. BRAGANCA. 2000. Effect of leaf toughness on the susceptibility of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens to attacks of a phorid parasitoid. Insectes Sociaux 47: 220-222.
    • (2000) Insectes Sociaux , vol.47 , pp. 220-222
    • Tonhasca, A.1    Braganca, M.A.L.2
  • 97
    • 84884017036 scopus 로고
    • Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
    • VINCENT, J. F. V. 1991. Structural biomaterials. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
    • (1991) Structural Biomaterials
    • Vincent, J.F.V.1
  • 98
    • 0010953689 scopus 로고
    • Fracture
    • J. F. V. Vincent [ed.]. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK
    • VINCENT, J. F. V. 1992a. Fracture. In J. F. V. Vincent [ed.], Biomechanics - materials: a practical approach, 193-217. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
    • (1992) Biomechanics - Materials: A Practical Approach , pp. 193-217
    • Vincent, J.F.V.1
  • 99
    • 0344303006 scopus 로고
    • Introduction
    • J. F. V. Vincent [ed.]. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK
    • VINCENT, J. F. V. 1992b. Introduction. In J. F. V. Vincent [ed.], Biomechanics - materials: a practical approach, 1-8. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
    • (1992) Biomechanics - Materials: A Practical Approach , pp. 1-8
    • Vincent, J.F.V.1
  • 100
    • 0002868082 scopus 로고
    • Plants
    • J. F. V. Vincent [ed.]. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK
    • VINCENT, J. F. V. 1992c. Plants. In J. F. V. Vincent [ed.], Biomechanics - materials: a practical approach, 165-191. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
    • (1992) Biomechanics - Materials: A Practical Approach , pp. 165-191
    • Vincent, J.F.V.1
  • 101
    • 2942702526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
    • VOGEL, S. 2003. Comparative biomechanics. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
    • (2003) Comparative Biomechanics
    • Vogel, S.1
  • 102
    • 0023161381 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the tooth enamel of early Paleocene mammals allowing increased diet diversity
    • VON KOENIGSWALD, W., J. M. RENSBERGER, AND H. U. PRETZSCHNER. 1987. Changes in the tooth enamel of early Paleocene mammals allowing increased diet diversity. Nature 328: 150-152.
    • (1987) Nature , vol.328 , pp. 150-152
    • Von Koenigswald, W.1    Rensberger, J.M.2    Pretzschner, H.U.3
  • 104
    • 0020376336 scopus 로고
    • Leaf-cutting ants and avoided plants: Defences against Atta texana attack
    • WALLER, D. A. 1982. Leaf-cutting ants and avoided plants: defences against Atta texana attack. Oecologia 52: 400-403.
    • (1982) Oecologia , vol.52 , pp. 400-403
    • Waller, D.A.1
  • 105
    • 0028165223 scopus 로고
    • Ontogenetic changes in forager polymorphism and foraging ecology in the leaf-cutting ant Atta cephalotes
    • WETTERER, J. K. 1994. Ontogenetic changes in forager polymorphism and foraging ecology in the leaf-cutting ant Atta cephalotes. Oecologia 98: 235-238.
    • (1994) Oecologia , vol.98 , pp. 235-238
    • Wetterer, J.K.1
  • 106
    • 0005586516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The morphology and physiology of the major forage plants
    • N. M. Tainton [ed.]. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
    • WOLFSON, M. M., AND N. M. TAINTON. 1999. The morphology and physiology of the major forage plants. In N. M. Tainton [ed.], Veld management in South Africa, 54-90. University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
    • (1999) Veld Management in South Africa , pp. 54-90
    • Wolfson, M.M.1    Tainton, N.M.2
  • 107
    • 0029836257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herbivory and the mechanics of fracture in plants
    • WRIGHT, W., AND J. F. V. VINCENT. 1996. Herbivory and the mechanics of fracture in plants. Biological Reviews 71: 401-413.
    • (1996) Biological Reviews , vol.71 , pp. 401-413
    • Wright, W.1    Vincent, J.F.V.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.