메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 335-340

The benefits of adding epidural analgesia to general anesthesia: A metaanalysis

Author keywords

Benefits; Epidural analgesia; Metaanalysis

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; ANESTHETIC AGENT; GLUCOSE; HYDROCORTISONE; LIDOCAINE; LOCAL ANESTHETIC AGENT; MORPHINE; NORADRENALIN;

EID: 33750441103     PISSN: 09138668     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00540-006-0423-8     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (115)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 4644334815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe neurological complications after central neuraxial blockades in Sweden 1990-1999
    • 15448529 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnvVers78%3D 10.1097/00000542-200410000-00021
    • V Moen N Dahlgren L Irestedt 2004 Severe neurological complications after central neuraxial blockades in Sweden 1990-1999 Anesthesiology 101 950-959 15448529 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnvVers78%3D 10.1097/ 00000542-200410000-00021
    • (2004) Anesthesiology , vol.101 , pp. 950-959
    • Moen, V.1    Dahlgren, N.2    Irestedt, L.3
  • 2
    • 0032211863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress responses in three different anesthetic techniques for carbon dioxide laparoscopic cholecystectomy
    • 9805694 1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2Fit1GgtA%3D%3D 10.1016/S0952-8180(98)00079-8
    • H Aono A Takeda SD Tarver H Goto 1998 Stress responses in three different anesthetic techniques for carbon dioxide laparoscopic cholecystectomy J Clin Anesth 10 546-550 9805694 1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2Fit1GgtA%3D%3D 10.1016/S0952-8180(98)00079-8
    • (1998) J Clin Anesth , vol.10 , pp. 546-550
    • Aono, H.1    Takeda, A.2    Tarver, S.D.3    Goto, H.4
  • 3
    • 0027348924 scopus 로고
    • Intercostal nerve block, interpleural analgesia, thoracic epidural block or systemic opioid application for pain relief after thoracotomy?
    • 1:STN:280:ByyC2MbnvFc%3D 10.1016/1010-7940(93)90141-W
    • B Bachmann-Mennenga J Biscoping DF Kuhn R Schurg B Ryan U Erkens G Hempelmann 1993 Intercostal nerve block, interpleural analgesia, thoracic epidural block or systemic opioid application for pain relief after thoracotomy? Eur J Cardiothorac Surgery 7 12-18 1:STN:280:ByyC2MbnvFc%3D 10.1016/1010-7940(93)90141-W
    • (1993) Eur J Cardiothorac Surgery , vol.7 , pp. 12-18
    • Bachmann-Mennenga, B.1    Biscoping, J.2    Kuhn, D.F.3    Schurg, R.4    Ryan, B.5    Erkens, U.6    Hempelmann, G.7
  • 4
    • 0041828363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of postoperative pain management on immune response to surgery
    • 12933409 10.1213/01.ANE.0000078586.82810.3B
    • B Beilin Y Shavit E Trabekin B Mordashev E Mayburd A Zeidel H Bessler 2003 The effects of postoperative pain management on immune response to surgery Anesth Analg 97 822-827 12933409 10.1213/ 01.ANE.0000078586.82810.3B
    • (2003) Anesth Analg , vol.97 , pp. 822-827
    • Beilin, B.1    Shavit, Y.2    Trabekin, E.3    Mordashev, B.4    Mayburd, E.5    Zeidel, A.6    Bessler, H.7
  • 5
    • 0027411623 scopus 로고
    • A randomized double-blind comparison of epidural fentanyl infusion versus patient-controlled analgesia with morphine for postthoracotomy pain
    • 8424508 1:STN:280:ByyC2czgt1Q%3D
    • HT Benzon HY Wong AM Belavic Jr I Goodman D Mitchell T Lefheit J Locicero 1993 A randomized double-blind comparison of epidural fentanyl infusion versus patient-controlled analgesia with morphine for postthoracotomy pain Anesth Analg 76 316-322 8424508 1:STN:280:ByyC2czgt1Q%3D
    • (1993) Anesth Analg , vol.76 , pp. 316-322
    • Benzon, H.T.1    Wong, H.Y.2    Belavic Jr., A.M.3    Goodman, I.4    Mitchell, D.5    Lefheit, T.6    Locicero, J.7
  • 6
    • 0032843686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous paravertebral extrapleural infusion for post-thoracotomy pain management
    • 10520911 1:STN:280:DyaK1MvkvFahsw%3D%3D
    • DN Bimston JP McGee MJ Liptay WA Fry 1999 Continuous paravertebral extrapleural infusion for post-thoracotomy pain management Surgery 126 650-656 10520911 1:STN:280:DyaK1MvkvFahsw%3D%3D
    • (1999) Surgery , vol.126 , pp. 650-656
    • Bimston, D.N.1    McGee, J.P.2    Liptay, M.J.3    Fry, W.A.4
  • 7
    • 0034795490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement of "dynamic analgesia" does not decrease atelectasis after thoracotomy
    • 11878725 1:STN:280:DC%2BD387jvFOhug%3D%3D 10.1093/bja/87.4.564
    • N Boisseau O Rabary B Padovani P Staccini J Mouroux D Grimaud M Raucoules-Aime 2001 Improvement of "dynamic analgesia" does not decrease atelectasis after thoracotomy Br J Anaesth 87 564-569 11878725 1:STN:280:DC%2BD387jvFOhug%3D%3D 10.1093/bja/87.4.564
    • (2001) Br J Anaesth , vol.87 , pp. 564-569
    • Boisseau, N.1    Rabary, O.2    Padovani, B.3    Staccini, P.4    Mouroux, J.5    Grimaud, D.6    Raucoules-Aime, M.7
  • 8
    • 0021240032 scopus 로고
    • Effect of epidural morphine on post-operative pulmonary dysfunction
    • 6730875 1:STN:280:BiuB38jgt1U%3D
    • F Bonnet C Blery M Zatan O Simonet D Brage J Gaudy 1984 Effect of epidural morphine on post-operative pulmonary dysfunction Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 28 147-151 6730875 1:STN:280:BiuB38jgt1U%3D
    • (1984) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.28 , pp. 147-151
    • Bonnet, F.1    Blery, C.2    Zatan, M.3    Simonet, O.4    Brage, D.5    Gaudy, J.6
  • 9
    • 0017188061 scopus 로고
    • Effect of epidural analgesia on the glycoregulatory endocrine response to surgery
    • 1:STN:280:CSmC1cnmtVQ%3D
    • M Brandt H Kehlet C Binder C Hagen AS McNeilly 1976 Effect of epidural analgesia on the glycoregulatory endocrine response to surgery Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) 5 107-114 1:STN:280:CSmC1cnmtVQ%3D
    • (1976) Clin Endocrinol (Oxford) , vol.5 , pp. 107-114
    • Brandt, M.1    Kehlet, H.2    Binder, C.3    Hagen, C.4    McNeilly, A.S.5
  • 10
    • 0035013926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multimodal perioperative management - Combining thoracic epidural analgesia, forced mobilization, and oral nutrition - Reduces hormonal and metabolic stress and improves convalescence after major urologic surgery
    • 11375853 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3pt12rtg%3D%3D 10.1097/ 00000539-200106000-00049
    • G Brodner H Van Aken L Hertle M Fobker A Von Eckardstein C Goeters H Buerkle A Harks H Kehlet 2001 Multimodal perioperative management - combining thoracic epidural analgesia, forced mobilization, and oral nutrition - reduces hormonal and metabolic stress and improves convalescence after major urologic surgery Anesth Analg 92 1594-1600 11375853 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3pt12rtg%3D%3D 10.1097/ 00000539-200106000-00049
    • (2001) Anesth Analg , vol.92 , pp. 1594-1600
    • Brodner, G.1    Van Aken, H.2    Hertle, L.3    Fobker, M.4    Von Eckardstein, A.5    Goeters, C.6    Buerkle, H.7    Harks, A.8    Kehlet, H.9
  • 11
    • 0020081528 scopus 로고
    • Postoperative glucose tolerance during extradural analgesia
    • 7039645 1:STN:280:Bi2C28%2FltlY%3D
    • FP Buckley H Kehlet NS Brown DB Scott 1982 Postoperative glucose tolerance during extradural analgesia Br J Anaesth 54 325-331 7039645 1:STN:280:Bi2C28%2FltlY%3D
    • (1982) Br J Anaesth , vol.54 , pp. 325-331
    • Buckley, F.P.1    Kehlet, H.2    Brown, N.S.3    Scott, D.B.4
  • 12
    • 0025932881 scopus 로고
    • Alfentanil infusion for postoperative pain: A comparison of epidural and intravenous routes
    • 1859004 1:STN:280:By6A3Mvpt1U%3D 10.1097/00000542-199108000-00001
    • F Camu F Debucquoy 1991 Alfentanil infusion for postoperative pain: A comparison of epidural and intravenous routes Anesthesiology 75 171-178 1859004 1:STN:280:By6A3Mvpt1U%3D 10.1097/00000542-199108000-00001
    • (1991) Anesthesiology , vol.75 , pp. 171-178
    • Camu, F.1    Debucquoy, F.2
  • 13
    • 0036211383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidural analgesia and postoperative lipid metabolism: Stable isotope studies during a fasted/fed state
    • 11915058 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjtVCnsr0%3D 10.1053/rapm.2002.30687
    • F Carli R Lattermann T Schricker 2002 Epidural analgesia and postoperative lipid metabolism: Stable isotope studies during a fasted/ fed state Reg Anesth Pain Med 27 132-138 11915058 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjtVCnsr0%3D 10.1053/rapm.2002.30687
    • (2002) Reg Anesth Pain Med , vol.27 , pp. 132-138
    • Carli, F.1    Lattermann, R.2    Schricker, T.3
  • 14
    • 0031856108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of combined epidural and light general anesthesia on stress hormones in open-heart surgery patients
    • 9697266 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlt1ejtr0%3D 10.1007/BF02484619
    • BK Chae HW Lee K Sun YH Choi HM Kim 1998 The effect of combined epidural and light general anesthesia on stress hormones in open-heart surgery patients Surg Today 28 727-731 9697266 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlt1ejtr0%3D 10.1007/BF02484619
    • (1998) Surg Today , vol.28 , pp. 727-731
    • Chae, B.K.1    Lee, H.W.2    Sun, K.3    Choi, Y.H.4    Kim, H.M.5
  • 15
    • 0034992176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuous femoral blocks improve recovery and outcome of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty
    • 11402405 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MzjsVWktQ%3D%3D 10.1054/arth.2001.23622
    • JE Chelly J Greger R Gebhard K Coupe TA Clyburn R Buckle A Criswell 2001 Continuous femoral blocks improve recovery and outcome of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty J Arthroplasty 16 436-445 11402405 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MzjsVWktQ%3D%3D 10.1054/arth.2001.23622
    • (2001) J Arthroplasty , vol.16 , pp. 436-445
    • Chelly, J.E.1    Greger, J.2    Gebhard, R.3    Coupe, K.4    Clyburn, T.A.5    Buckle, R.6    Criswell, A.7
  • 16
    • 3042613517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analgesia after thoracotomy: Epidural fentanyl/bupivacaine compared with intercostal nerve block plus intravenous morphine
    • 15232813 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1ansrnI 10.1053/j.jvca.2004.03.013
    • M Concha J Dagnino M Cariaga J Aguilera R Aparicio M Guerrero 2004 Analgesia after thoracotomy: Epidural fentanyl/bupivacaine compared with intercostal nerve block plus intravenous morphine J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 18 322-326 15232813 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1ansrnI 10.1053/ j.jvca.2004.03.013
    • (2004) J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth , vol.18 , pp. 322-326
    • Concha, M.1    Dagnino, J.2    Cariaga, M.3    Aguilera, J.4    Aparicio, R.5    Guerrero, M.6
  • 17
    • 0030981191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of general anesthesia with and without lumbar epidural for total hip arthroplasty: Effects of epidural block on hip arthroplasty
    • 9172026 1:STN:280:ByiA3MngsFA%3D 10.1016/S0952-8180(97)00035-4
    • A Dauphin KE Raymer EB Stanton HD Fuller 1997 Comparison of general anesthesia with and without lumbar epidural for total hip arthroplasty: effects of epidural block on hip arthroplasty J Clin Anesth 9 200-203 9172026 1:STN:280:ByiA3MngsFA%3D 10.1016/S0952-8180(97)00035-4
    • (1997) J Clin Anesth , vol.9 , pp. 200-203
    • Dauphin, A.1    Raymer, K.E.2    Stanton, E.B.3    Fuller, H.D.4
  • 18
    • 0027283516 scopus 로고
    • Intravenous or epidural clonidine for intra- and postoperative analgesia
    • 8363078 1:STN:280:ByyA2s%2FmslQ%3D 10.1097/00000542-199309000-00016
    • M De Kock B Crochet C Morimont JL Scholtes 1993 Intravenous or epidural clonidine for intra- and postoperative analgesia Anesthesiology 79 525-531 8363078 1:STN:280:ByyA2s%2FmslQ%3D 10.1097/ 00000542-199309000-00016
    • (1993) Anesthesiology , vol.79 , pp. 525-531
    • De Kock, M.1    Crochet, B.2    Morimont, C.3    Scholtes, J.L.4
  • 19
    • 0034984921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of continuous thoracic epidural and paravertebral blocks for postoperative analgesia after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery
    • 11426357 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MzmsVKksA%3D%3D 10.1053/jcan.2001.23271
    • S Dhole Y Mehta H Saxena R Juneja N Trehan 2001 Comparison of continuous thoracic epidural and paravertebral blocks for postoperative analgesia after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 15 288-292 11426357 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MzmsVKksA%3D%3D 10.1053/jcan.2001.23271
    • (2001) J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth , vol.15 , pp. 288-292
    • Dhole, S.1    Mehta, Y.2    Saxena, H.3    Juneja, R.4    Trehan, N.5
  • 20
    • 0023178037 scopus 로고
    • Continuous epidural infusion of morphine for pain relief after cardiac operations
    • 2952842 1:STN:280:BiiB3c%2FhsVQ%3D
    • N el-Baz M Goldin 1987 Continuous epidural infusion of morphine for pain relief after cardiac operations J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 93 878-883 2952842 1:STN:280:BiiB3c%2FhsVQ%3D
    • (1987) J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , vol.93 , pp. 878-883
    • el-Baz, N.1    Goldin, M.2
  • 22
    • 0030934051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thoracic epidural analgesia started after cardiopulmonary bypass. Adrenergic, cardiovascular and respiratory sequelae
    • 9135178 1:STN:280:ByiB1c%2FoslQ%3D 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1997.80-az0088.x
    • WJ Fawcett RE Edwards AC Quinn IA MacDonald GM Hall 1997 Thoracic epidural analgesia started after cardiopulmonary bypass. Adrenergic, cardiovascular and respiratory sequelae Anaesthesia 52 294-299 9135178 1:STN:280:ByiB1c%2FoslQ%3D 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1997.80-az0088.x
    • (1997) Anaesthesia , vol.52 , pp. 294-299
    • Fawcett, W.J.1    Edwards, R.E.2    Quinn, A.C.3    MacDonald, I.A.4    Hall, G.M.5
  • 23
    • 0019193203 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic epidural vs. balanced anesthesia in morbid obesity: An intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamic study
    • 7192509 1:STN:280:Bi6D1cvhvV0%3D
    • S Gelman HL Laws J Potzick S Strong L Smith H Erdemir 1980 Thoracic epidural vs. balanced anesthesia in morbid obesity: An intraoperative and postoperative hemodynamic study Anesth Analg 59 902-908 7192509 1:STN:280:Bi6D1cvhvV0%3D
    • (1980) Anesth Analg , vol.59 , pp. 902-908
    • Gelman, S.1    Laws, H.L.2    Potzick, J.3    Strong, S.4    Smith, L.5    Erdemir, H.6
  • 24
    • 0023808704 scopus 로고
    • The control of post-thoracotomy pain. A comparative evaluation of thoracic epidural fentanyl infusions and cryo-analgesia
    • 3255292 1:STN:280:BiaD38zpt1U%3D
    • JD Gough AB Williams RS Vaughan JF Khalil EG Butchart 1988 The control of post-thoracotomy pain. A comparative evaluation of thoracic epidural fentanyl infusions and cryo-analgesia Anaesthesia 43 780-783 3255292 1:STN:280:BiaD38zpt1U%3D
    • (1988) Anaesthesia , vol.43 , pp. 780-783
    • Gough, J.D.1    Williams, A.B.2    Vaughan, R.S.3    Khalil, J.F.4    Butchart, E.G.5
  • 25
    • 0026576475 scopus 로고
    • Patient-controlled lumbar epidural fentanyl compared with patient-controlled intravenous fentanyl for post-thoracotomy pain
    • 1551151 1:STN:280:By2B3c%2Fltlc%3D
    • RP Grant JF Dolman JA Harper SA White DG Parsons KG Evans CP Merrick 1992 Patient-controlled lumbar epidural fentanyl compared with patient-controlled intravenous fentanyl for post-thoracotomy pain Can J Anaesth 39 214-219 1551151 1:STN:280:By2B3c%2Fltlc%3D
    • (1992) Can J Anaesth , vol.39 , pp. 214-219
    • Grant, R.P.1    Dolman, J.F.2    Harper, J.A.3    White, S.A.4    Parsons, D.G.5    Evans, K.G.6    Merrick, C.P.7
  • 26
    • 0026727132 scopus 로고
    • A randomized comparison of intravenous versus lumbar and thoracic epidural fentanyl for analgesia after thoracotomy
    • 1466463 1:STN:280:ByyC3czhtlI%3D
    • JP Guinard P Mavrocordatos R Chiolero RL Carpenter 1992 A randomized comparison of intravenous versus lumbar and thoracic epidural fentanyl for analgesia after thoracotomy Anesthesiology 77 1108-1115 1466463 1:STN:280:ByyC3czhtlI%3D
    • (1992) Anesthesiology , vol.77 , pp. 1108-1115
    • Guinard, J.P.1    Mavrocordatos, P.2    Chiolero, R.3    Carpenter, R.L.4
  • 27
    • 0019959196 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic epidural analgesia and deep-vein thrombosis in cholecystectomized patients
    • 6758456 1:STN:280:BiyD1MnhvV0%3D
    • H Hendolin T Tuppurainen J Lahtinen 1982 Thoracic epidural analgesia and deep-vein thrombosis in cholecystectomized patients Acta Chir Scand 148 405-409 6758456 1:STN:280:BiyD1MnhvV0%3D
    • (1982) Acta Chir Scand , vol.148 , pp. 405-409
    • Hendolin, H.1    Tuppurainen, T.2    Lahtinen, J.3
  • 28
    • 0023608639 scopus 로고
    • The effect of thoracic epidural analgesia on respiratory function after cholecystectomy
    • 3687360 1:STN:280:BieD2szhtVc%3D
    • H Hendolin J Lahtinen E Lansimies T Tuppurainen K Partanen 1987 The effect of thoracic epidural analgesia on respiratory function after cholecystectomy Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 31 645-651 3687360 1:STN:280:BieD2szhtVc%3D
    • (1987) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.31 , pp. 645-651
    • Hendolin, H.1    Lahtinen, J.2    Lansimies, E.3    Tuppurainen, T.4    Partanen, K.5
  • 29
    • 0023631527 scopus 로고
    • The effect of thoracic epidural analgesia on postoperative stress and morbidity
    • 3434997 1:STN:280:BieC3s3ksFI%3D
    • H Hendolin J Lahtinen E Lansimies T Tuppurainen 1987 The effect of thoracic epidural analgesia on postoperative stress and morbidity Ann Chir Gynaecol 76 234-240 3434997 1:STN:280:BieC3s3ksFI%3D
    • (1987) Ann Chir Gynaecol , vol.76 , pp. 234-240
    • Hendolin, H.1    Lahtinen, J.2    Lansimies, E.3    Tuppurainen, T.4
  • 30
    • 0022351480 scopus 로고
    • A controlled study on the effect of epidural analgesia with local anaesthetics and morphine on morbidity after abdominal surgery
    • 4082879 1:STN:280:BimD1MbkvFI%3D
    • NC Hjortso P Neumann F Frosig T Andersen A Lindhard E Rogon H Kehlet 1985 A controlled study on the effect of epidural analgesia with local anaesthetics and morphine on morbidity after abdominal surgery Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 29 790-796 4082879 1:STN:280:BimD1MbkvFI%3D
    • (1985) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.29 , pp. 790-796
    • Hjortso, N.C.1    Neumann, P.2    Frosig, F.3    Andersen, T.4    Lindhard, A.5    Rogon, E.6    Kehlet, H.7
  • 31
    • 0027272284 scopus 로고
    • Favorable effects of epidural analgesia on hemodynamics, oxygenation and metabolic variables in the immediate post-anesthetic period
    • 8356859 1:STN:280:ByyA283kvFE%3D
    • R Hosoda M Hattori Y Shimada 1993 Favorable effects of epidural analgesia on hemodynamics, oxygenation and metabolic variables in the immediate post-anesthetic period Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 37 469-474 8356859 1:STN:280:ByyA283kvFE%3D
    • (1993) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.37 , pp. 469-474
    • Hosoda, R.1    Hattori, M.2    Shimada, Y.3
  • 32
    • 0029897244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous tramadol versus epidural morphine for postthoracotomy pain relief: A placebo-controlled double-blind trial
    • 8659771 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XkslWqsLw%3D 10.1097/00000539-199607000-00015
    • MF James SA Heijke PC Gordon 1996 Intravenous tramadol versus epidural morphine for postthoracotomy pain relief: A placebo-controlled double-blind trial Anesth Analg 83 87-91 8659771 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XkslWqsLw%3D 10.1097/00000539-199607000-00015
    • (1996) Anesth Analg , vol.83 , pp. 87-91
    • James, M.F.1    Heijke, S.A.2    Gordon, P.C.3
  • 33
    • 0023793093 scopus 로고
    • Postoperative pulmonary complications: General anesthesia with postoperative parenteral morphine compared with epidural analgesia
    • 3388180 1:STN:280:BieB28vnt1w%3D
    • C Jayr A Mollie JL Bourgain J Alarcon J Masselot P Lasser A Denjean J Truffa-Bachi M Henry-Amar 1988 Postoperative pulmonary complications: general anesthesia with postoperative parenteral morphine compared with epidural analgesia Surgery 104 57-63 3388180 1:STN:280:BieB28vnt1w%3D
    • (1988) Surgery , vol.104 , pp. 57-63
    • Jayr, C.1    Mollie, A.2    Bourgain, J.L.3    Alarcon, J.4    Masselot, J.5    Lasser, P.6    Denjean, A.7    Truffa-Bachi, J.8    Henry-Amar, M.9
  • 34
    • 0027415798 scopus 로고
    • Postoperative pulmonary complications. Epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and opioids versus parenteral opioids
    • 8466067 1:STN:280:ByyB38%2FpsVw%3D 10.1097/00000542-199304000-00009
    • C Jayr H Thomas A Rey F Farhat P Lasser JL Bourgain 1993 Postoperative pulmonary complications. Epidural analgesia using bupivacaine and opioids versus parenteral opioids Anesthesiology 78 666-676 8466067 1:STN:280:ByyB38%2FpsVw%3D 10.1097/00000542-199304000-00009
    • (1993) Anesthesiology , vol.78 , pp. 666-676
    • Jayr, C.1    Thomas, H.2    Rey, A.3    Farhat, F.4    Lasser, P.5    Bourgain, J.L.6
  • 35
    • 0034265716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of preemptive intravenous versus preemptive epidural morphine on postoperative analgesia and surgical stress response after orthopaedic procedures
    • 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3crhtlOntg%3D%3D
    • L Kilickan K Toker 2000 The effects of preemptive intravenous versus preemptive epidural morphine on postoperative analgesia and surgical stress response after orthopaedic procedures Minerva Anesthesiol 66 649-655 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3crhtlOntg%3D%3D
    • (2000) Minerva Anesthesiol , vol.66 , pp. 649-655
    • Kilickan, L.1    Toker, K.2
  • 36
    • 0026340755 scopus 로고
    • Preoperative lumbar epidural morphine improves postoperative analgesia and ventilatory function after transsternal thymectomy in patients with myasthenia gravis
    • 1959365 1:STN:280:By2D2s%2Fht1I%3D
    • JR Kirsch MN Diringer CO Borel DF Hanley WT Merritt GB Bulkley 1991 Preoperative lumbar epidural morphine improves postoperative analgesia and ventilatory function after transsternal thymectomy in patients with myasthenia gravis Crit Care Med 19 1474-1479 1959365 1:STN:280:By2D2s%2Fht1I%3D
    • (1991) Crit Care Med , vol.19 , pp. 1474-1479
    • Kirsch, J.R.1    Diringer, M.N.2    Borel, C.O.3    Hanley, D.F.4    Merritt, W.T.5    Bulkley, G.B.6
  • 37
    • 0034305897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidural analgesia attenuates the systemic stress response to upper abdominal surgery: A randomized trial
    • 11589607 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3Mrkt1KhsA%3D%3D
    • G Kouraklis A Glinavou L Raftopoulos V Alevisou G Lagos G Karatzas 2000 Epidural analgesia attenuates the systemic stress response to upper abdominal surgery: A randomized trial Int Surg 85 353-357 11589607 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3Mrkt1KhsA%3D%3D
    • (2000) Int Surg , vol.85 , pp. 353-357
    • Kouraklis, G.1    Glinavou, A.2    Raftopoulos, L.3    Alevisou, V.4    Lagos, G.5    Karatzas, G.6
  • 38
    • 0037302803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perioperative glucose infusion and the catabolic response to surgery: The effect of epidural block
    • 12538212 10.1097/00000539-200302000-00047
    • R Lattermann F Carli L Wykes T Schricker 2003 Perioperative glucose infusion and the catabolic response to surgery: The effect of epidural block Anesth Analg 96 555-562 12538212 10.1097/00000539-200302000-00047
    • (2003) Anesth Analg , vol.96 , pp. 555-562
    • Lattermann, R.1    Carli, F.2    Wykes, L.3    Schricker, T.4
  • 39
    • 0028262218 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic response to lower abdominal surgery: Analgesia by epidural blockade compared with intravenous opiate infusion
    • 7519554 1:STN:280:ByuA38nnsFc%3D
    • M Licker PM Suter F Krauer NK Rifat 1994 Metabolic response to lower abdominal surgery: Analgesia by epidural blockade compared with intravenous opiate infusion Eur J Anaesthesiol 11 193-199 7519554 1:STN:280:ByuA38nnsFc%3D
    • (1994) Eur J Anaesthesiol , vol.11 , pp. 193-199
    • Licker, M.1    Suter, P.M.2    Krauer, F.3    Rifat, N.K.4
  • 40
    • 0032898192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High thoracic epidural anesthesia, but not clonidine, attenuates the perioperative stress response via sympatholysis and reduces the release of troponin T in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
    • 10195508 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXislKrtLo%3D 10.1097/00000539-199904000-00001
    • HM Loick C Schmidt H Van Aken R Junker M Erren E Berendes N Rolf A Meissner C Schmid HH Scheld T Mollhoff 1999 High thoracic epidural anesthesia, but not clonidine, attenuates the perioperative stress response via sympatholysis and reduces the release of troponin T in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting Anesth Analg 88 701-709 10195508 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXislKrtLo%3D 10.1097/ 00000539-199904000-00001
    • (1999) Anesth Analg , vol.88 , pp. 701-709
    • Loick, H.M.1    Schmidt, C.2    Van Aken, H.3    Junker, R.4    Erren, M.5    Berendes, E.6    Rolf, N.7    Meissner, A.8    Schmid, C.9    Scheld, H.H.10    Mollhoff, T.11
  • 41
    • 0020630836 scopus 로고
    • Thromboembolic complications after major abdominal surgery: Effect of thoracic epidural analgesia
    • 6613461 1:STN:280:BiyA3cvmvVA%3D
    • G Mellbring S Dahlgren S Reiz O Sunnegardh 1983 Thromboembolic complications after major abdominal surgery: Effect of thoracic epidural analgesia Acta Chir Scand 149 263-268 6613461 1:STN:280:BiyA3cvmvVA%3D
    • (1983) Acta Chir Scand , vol.149 , pp. 263-268
    • Mellbring, G.1    Dahlgren, S.2    Reiz, S.3    Sunnegardh, O.4
  • 42
    • 0027495608 scopus 로고
    • Pain management and spirometry following thoracotomy: A prospective, randomized study of four techniques
    • 8268431 1:STN:280:ByuD1M3pslU%3D 10.1016/1053-0770(93)90308-8
    • R Miguel D Hubbell 1993 Pain management and spirometry following thoracotomy: A prospective, randomized study of four techniques J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 7 529-534 8268431 1:STN:280:ByuD1M3pslU%3D 10.1016/1053-0770(93)90308-8
    • (1993) J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth , vol.7 , pp. 529-534
    • Miguel, R.1    Hubbell, D.2
  • 43
    • 0017256950 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of effect of narcotic and epidural analgesia on postoperative respiratory function
    • 1259099 1:STN:280:CSmC2Mfltlc%3D 10.1016/0002-9610(76)90119-7
    • L Miller M Gertel GS Fox LD MacLean 1976 Comparison of effect of narcotic and epidural analgesia on postoperative respiratory function Am J Surg 131 291-294 1259099 1:STN:280:CSmC2Mfltlc%3D 10.1016/ 0002-9610(76)90119-7
    • (1976) Am J Surg , vol.131 , pp. 291-294
    • Miller, L.1    Gertel, M.2    Fox, G.S.3    MacLean, L.D.4
  • 44
    • 0020078284 scopus 로고
    • Effect of posttraumatic epidural analgesia on the cortisol and hyperglycaemic response to surgery
    • 7072474 1:STN:280:Bi2C2sfntlY%3D
    • W Moller J Rem R Brandt H Kehlet 1982 Effect of posttraumatic epidural analgesia on the cortisol and hyperglycaemic response to surgery Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 26 56-58 7072474 1:STN:280:Bi2C2sfntlY%3D
    • (1982) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.26 , pp. 56-58
    • Moller, W.1    Rem, J.2    Brandt, R.3    Kehlet, H.4
  • 45
    • 0028865388 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal effects of thoracic extradural analgesia for cardiac surgery
    • 7488474 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXpsl2ntLw%3D
    • CM Moore MH Cross JP Desborough JM Burrin IA Macdonald GM Hall 1995 Hormonal effects of thoracic extradural analgesia for cardiac surgery Br J Anaesth 75 387-393 7488474 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXpsl2ntLw%3D
    • (1995) Br J Anaesth , vol.75 , pp. 387-393
    • Moore, C.M.1    Cross, M.H.2    Desborough, J.P.3    Burrin, J.M.4    Macdonald, I.A.5    Hall, G.M.6
  • 46
    • 0023244944 scopus 로고
    • Pre- and postoperative changes in the concentration of serum thyreotropin under general anaesthesia, compared to general anaesthesia with epidural analgesia
    • 3591253 1:STN:280:BiiB3sjksFM%3D
    • MF Noreng P Jensen NU Tjellden 1987 Pre- and postoperative changes in the concentration of serum thyreotropin under general anaesthesia, compared to general anaesthesia with epidural analgesia Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 31 292-294 3591253 1:STN:280:BiiB3sjksFM%3D
    • (1987) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.31 , pp. 292-294
    • Noreng, M.F.1    Jensen, P.2    Tjellden, N.U.3
  • 47
    • 0031025082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of epidural anesthesia on the neuroendocrine response to major surgical stress: A randomized prospective trial
    • 8985076 1:STN:280:ByiC3sfgsFQ%3D
    • JG Norman GW Fink 1997 The effects of epidural anesthesia on the neuroendocrine response to major surgical stress: A randomized prospective trial Am Surg 63 75-80 8985076 1:STN:280:ByiC3sfgsFQ%3D
    • (1997) Am Surg , vol.63 , pp. 75-80
    • Norman, J.G.1    Fink, G.W.2
  • 49
    • 0034796164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of epidural anesthesia and analgesia on perioperative outcome: A randomized, controlled Veterans Affairs cooperative study
    • 11573049 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MrmslOmtQ%3D%3D 10.1097/ 00000658-200110000-00015
    • WY Park JS Thompson KK Lee 2001 Effect of epidural anesthesia and analgesia on perioperative outcome: A randomized, controlled Veterans Affairs cooperative study Ann Surg 234 560-569 11573049 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MrmslOmtQ%3D%3D 10.1097/00000658-200110000-00015
    • (2001) Ann Surg , vol.234 , pp. 560-569
    • Park, W.Y.1    Thompson, J.S.2    Lee, K.K.3
  • 50
    • 0036148802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thoracic epidural anesthesia for cardiac surgery: The effects on tracheal intubation time and length of hospital stay
    • 11812684 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xhtlehsbs%3D 10.1097/00000539-200202000-00009
    • MC Priestley L Cope R Halliwell P Gibson RB Chard M Skinner PL Klineberg 2002 Thoracic epidural anesthesia for cardiac surgery: The effects on tracheal intubation time and length of hospital stay Anesth Analg 94 275-282 11812684 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xhtlehsbs%3D 10.1097/ 00000539-200202000-00009
    • (2002) Anesth Analg , vol.94 , pp. 275-282
    • Priestley, M.C.1    Cope, L.2    Halliwell, R.3    Gibson, P.4    Chard, R.B.5    Skinner, M.6    Klineberg, P.L.7
  • 51
    • 0026784829 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary function and stress response after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Comparison with subcostal incision and influence of thoracic epidural analgesia
    • 1387297 1:STN:280:By2A2sfgtFY%3D 10.1213/00000539-199209000-00011
    • BM Rademaker J Ringers JA Odoom LT De Wit CJ Kalkman J Oosting 1992 Pulmonary function and stress response after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Comparison with subcostal incision and influence of thoracic epidural analgesia Anesth Analg 75 381-385 1387297 1:STN:280:By2A2sfgtFY%3D 10.1213/00000539-199209000-00011
    • (1992) Anesth Analg , vol.75 , pp. 381-385
    • Rademaker, B.M.1    Ringers, J.2    Odoom, J.A.3    De Wit, L.T.4    Kalkman, C.J.5    Oosting, J.6
  • 52
    • 84981875107 scopus 로고
    • Beta-blockers and thoracic epidural analgesia. Cardioprotective and synergistic effects
    • 6152883 1:STN:280:BiaC2cjkt10%3D
    • S Reiz S Haggmark A Rydvall M Ostman 1982 Beta-blockers and thoracic epidural analgesia. Cardioprotective and synergistic effects Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl 76 54-61 6152883 1:STN:280:BiaC2cjkt10%3D
    • (1982) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl , vol.76 , pp. 54-61
    • Reiz, S.1    Haggmark, S.2    Rydvall, A.3    Ostman, M.4
  • 53
    • 0032865725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective, randomized comparison of preoperative and continuous balanced epidural or paravertebral bupivacaine on post-thoracotomy pain, pulmonary function and stress responses
    • 10655907 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmsVaku7w%3D
    • J Richardson S Sabanathan J Jones RD Shah S Cheema AJ Mearns 1999 A prospective, randomized comparison of preoperative and continuous balanced epidural or paravertebral bupivacaine on post-thoracotomy pain, pulmonary function and stress responses Br J Anaesth 83 387-392 10655907 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmsVaku7w%3D
    • (1999) Br J Anaesth , vol.83 , pp. 387-392
    • Richardson, J.1    Sabanathan, S.2    Jones, J.3    Shah, R.D.4    Cheema, S.5    Mearns, A.J.6
  • 54
    • 0037070806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MASTER Anaethesia Trial Study Group. Epidural anaesthesia and analgesia and outcome of major surgery: A randomised trial
    • 1276-1282 11965272 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08266-1
    • JR Rigg K Jamrozik PS Myles BS Silbert PJ Peyton RW Parsons KS Collins 2002 MASTER Anaethesia Trial Study Group. Epidural anaesthesia and analgesia and outcome of major surgery: A randomised trial Lancet 359 9314 1276-1282 11965272 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08266-1
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 9314
    • Rigg, J.R.1    Jamrozik, K.2    Myles, P.S.3    Silbert, B.S.4    Peyton, P.J.5    Parsons, R.W.6    Collins, K.S.7
  • 55
    • 0037235478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective randomized trial of high thoracic epidural analgesia for coronary artery bypass surgery
    • 12537199 10.1016/S0003-4975(02)04074-2
    • C Royse A Royse P Soeding D Blake J Pang 2003 Prospective randomized trial of high thoracic epidural analgesia for coronary artery bypass surgery Ann Thorac Surg 75 93-100 12537199 10.1016/S0003-4975(02)04074-2
    • (2003) Ann Thorac Surg , vol.75 , pp. 93-100
    • Royse, C.1    Royse, A.2    Soeding, P.3    Blake, D.4    Pang, J.5
  • 56
    • 0026517223 scopus 로고
    • Effect of epidural and general anaesthesia compared with general anaesthesia alone in large bowel anastomoses. A prospective study
    • 1348641 1:STN:280:By2B38zitVQ%3D
    • P Ryan SA Schweitzer RJ Woods 1992 Effect of epidural and general anaesthesia compared with general anaesthesia alone in large bowel anastomoses. A prospective study Eur J Surg 158 45-49 1348641 1:STN:280:By2B38zitVQ%3D
    • (1992) Eur J Surg , vol.158 , pp. 45-49
    • Ryan, P.1    Schweitzer, S.A.2    Woods, R.J.3
  • 57
    • 0023614915 scopus 로고
    • Sympatho-adrenal and pituitary hormone responses during and immediately after thoracic surgery-modulation by four different pain treatments
    • 3434168 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXosl2nsw%3D%3D
    • B Scheinin M Scheinin R Asantila R Lindberg O Viinamaki 1987 Sympatho-adrenal and pituitary hormone responses during and immediately after thoracic surgery-modulation by four different pain treatments Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 31 762-767 3434168 1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXosl2nsw%3D%3D
    • (1987) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.31 , pp. 762-767
    • Scheinin, B.1    Scheinin, M.2    Asantila, R.3    Lindberg, R.4    Viinamaki, O.5
  • 58
    • 0024429196 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the effects of continuous intrapleural vs. epidural administration of 0.5% bupivacaine on pain, metabolic response and pulmonary function following cholecystectomy
    • 2683541 1:STN:280:By%2BD2M3hvFU%3D
    • NB Scott T Mogensen D Bigler H Kehlet 1989 Comparison of the effects of continuous intrapleural vs. epidural administration of 0.5% bupivacaine on pain, metabolic response and pulmonary function following cholecystectomy Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 33 535-539 2683541 1:STN:280:By%2BD2M3hvFU%3D
    • (1989) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.33 , pp. 535-539
    • Scott, N.B.1    Mogensen, T.2    Bigler, D.3    Kehlet, H.4
  • 59
    • 0034876621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective randomized study of the potential benefits of thoracic epidural anesthesia and analgesia in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
    • 11524314 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmvFKhtLg%3D 10.1097/00000539-200109000-00003
    • NB Scott DJ Turfrey DA Ray O Nzewi NP Sutcliffe AB Lal J Norrie WJ Nagels GP Ramayya 2001 A prospective randomized study of the potential benefits of thoracic epidural anesthesia and analgesia in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting Anesth Analg 93 528-535 11524314 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmvFKhtLg%3D 10.1097/00000539-200109000-00003
    • (2001) Anesth Analg , vol.93 , pp. 528-535
    • Scott, N.B.1    Turfrey, D.J.2    Ray, D.A.3    Nzewi, O.4    Sutcliffe, N.P.5    Lal, A.B.6    Norrie, J.7    Nagels, W.J.8    Ramayya, G.P.9
  • 60
    • 0027254505 scopus 로고
    • A pilot study of pain, analgesia use, and pulmonary function after colectomy with or without a preoperative bolus of epidural morphine
    • 8360066 1:STN:280:ByyA28nmtlc%3D
    • T Simpson G Wahl M DeTraglia E Speck D Taylor 1993 A pilot study of pain, analgesia use, and pulmonary function after colectomy with or without a preoperative bolus of epidural morphine Heart Lung 22 316-327 8360066 1:STN:280:ByyA28nmtlc%3D
    • (1993) Heart Lung , vol.22 , pp. 316-327
    • Simpson, T.1    Wahl, G.2    DeTraglia, M.3    Speck, E.4    Taylor, D.5
  • 61
    • 0031807368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with morphine, continuous epidural analgesia, and continuous three-in-one block on postoperative pain and knee rehabilitation after unilateral total knee arthroplasty
    • 9661552 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXks1GksLY%3D 10.1097/00000539-199807000-00019
    • FJ Singelyn M Deyaert D Joris E Pendeville JM Gouverneur 1998 Effects of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with morphine, continuous epidural analgesia, and continuous three-in-one block on postoperative pain and knee rehabilitation after unilateral total knee arthroplasty Anesth Analg 87 88-92 9661552 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXks1GksLY%3D 10.1097/ 00000539-199807000-00019
    • (1998) Anesth Analg , vol.87 , pp. 88-92
    • Singelyn, F.J.1    Deyaert, M.2    Joris, D.3    Pendeville, E.4    Gouverneur, J.M.5
  • 62
    • 0028945791 scopus 로고
    • Postthoracotomy pulmonary function: A comparison of epidural versus intravenous meperidine infusions
    • 7780067 1:STN:280:ByqB1MbgsFw%3D 10.1016/S1053-0770(05)80182-X
    • P Slinger H Shennib S Wilson 1995 Postthoracotomy pulmonary function: A comparison of epidural versus intravenous meperidine infusions J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 9 128-134 7780067 1:STN:280:ByqB1MbgsFw%3D 10.1016/S1053-0770(05)80182-X
    • (1995) J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth , vol.9 , pp. 128-134
    • Slinger, P.1    Shennib, H.2    Wilson, S.3
  • 63
    • 0027487083 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine-metabolic response to abdominal aortic surgery: A randomized trial of general anesthesia versus general plus epidural anesthesia
    • 8273381 1:STN:280:ByuD1MfovFc%3D 10.1007/BF01659119
    • HJ Smeets J Kievit FT Dulfer JW van Kleef 1993 Endocrine-metabolic response to abdominal aortic surgery: A randomized trial of general anesthesia versus general plus epidural anesthesia World J Surg 17 601-606 8273381 1:STN:280:ByuD1MfovFc%3D 10.1007/BF01659119
    • (1993) World J Surg , vol.17 , pp. 601-606
    • Smeets, H.J.1    Kievit, J.2    Dulfer, F.T.3    van Kleef, J.W.4
  • 64
    • 0028149706 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic epidural analgesia in aortocoronary bypass surgery. II. Effects on the endocrine metabolic response
    • 7887107 1:STN:280:ByqC1Mzks1c%3D
    • R Stenseth L Bjella EM Berg O Christensen OW Levang SE Gisvold 1994 Thoracic epidural analgesia in aortocoronary bypass surgery. II. Effects on the endocrine metabolic response Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 38 834-839 7887107 1:STN:280:ByqC1Mzks1c%3D
    • (1994) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.38 , pp. 834-839
    • Stenseth, R.1    Bjella, L.2    Berg, E.M.3    Christensen, O.4    Levang, O.W.5    Gisvold, S.E.6
  • 65
    • 0030333656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of thoracic epidural analgesia on pulmonary function after coronary artery bypass surgery
    • 8911839 1:STN:280:ByiD28flsl0%3D 10.1016/S1010-7940(96)80311-3
    • R Stenseth L Bjella EM Berg O Christensen OW Levang SE Gisvold 1996 Effects of thoracic epidural analgesia on pulmonary function after coronary artery bypass surgery Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 10 859-865 8911839 1:STN:280:ByiD28flsl0%3D 10.1016/S1010-7940(96)80311-3
    • (1996) Eur J Cardiothorac Surg , vol.10 , pp. 859-865
    • Stenseth, R.1    Bjella, L.2    Berg, E.M.3    Christensen, O.4    Levang, O.W.5    Gisvold, S.E.6
  • 66
    • 0032146139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the choice of anesthetic technique affect the recovery of bowel function after radical prostatectomy?
    • 9697784 1:STN:280:DyaK1czmtFanuw%3D%3D 10.1016/S0090-4295(98)00147-2
    • RA Stevens M Mikat-Stevens R Flanigan WB Waters P Furry T Sheikh K Frey M Olson B Kleinman 1998 Does the choice of anesthetic technique affect the recovery of bowel function after radical prostatectomy? Urology 52 213-218 9697784 1:STN:280:DyaK1czmtFanuw%3D%3D 10.1016/ S0090-4295(98)00147-2
    • (1998) Urology , vol.52 , pp. 213-218
    • Stevens, R.A.1    Mikat-Stevens, M.2    Flanigan, R.3    Waters, W.B.4    Furry, P.5    Sheikh, T.6    Frey, K.7    Olson, M.8    Kleinman, B.9
  • 67
    • 0033797980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thoracic epidural analgesia as an adjunct to general anaesthesia for cardiac surgery. Effects on pulmonary mechanics
    • 11028725 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3cvnslemtw%3D%3D 10.1034/ j.1399-6576.2000.440906.x
    • A Tenling P-O Joachimsson H Tyden G Hedenstierna 2000 Thoracic epidural analgesia as an adjunct to general anaesthesia for cardiac surgery. Effects on pulmonary mechanics Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 44 1071-1076 11028725 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3cvnslemtw%3D%3D 10.1034/ j.1399-6576.2000.440906.x
    • (2000) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.44 , pp. 1071-1076
    • Tenling, A.1    Joachimsson, P.-O.2    Tyden, H.3    Hedenstierna, G.4
  • 68
    • 0030332638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thoracolumbar epidural blockade as adjunct to high-dose fentanyl/ midazolam anesthesia in coronary surgery: Effects of sternotomy
    • 8905278 1:STN:280:ByiD287isVw%3D 10.1016/S1010-7940(96)80336-8
    • J Thorelius R Ekroth S Hallhagen PO Joachimsson J von der Linden H Tyden O Wesslen 1996 Thoracolumbar epidural blockade as adjunct to high-dose fentanyl/midazolam anesthesia in coronary surgery: Effects of sternotomy Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 10 754-762 8905278 1:STN:280:ByiD287isVw%3D 10.1016/S1010-7940(96)80336-8
    • (1996) Eur J Cardiothorac Surg , vol.10 , pp. 754-762
    • Thorelius, J.1    Ekroth, R.2    Hallhagen, S.3    Joachimsson, P.O.4    von der Linden, J.5    Tyden, H.6    Wesslen, O.7
  • 69
    • 0025790307 scopus 로고
    • Effects of epidural anesthesia and analgesia on coagulation and outcome after major vascular surgery
    • 1952169 1:STN:280:By2D28%2FgtlQ%3D 10.1213/00000539-199112000-00005
    • KJ Tuman RJ McCarthy RJ March GA DeLaria RV Patel AD Ivankovich 1991 Effects of epidural anesthesia and analgesia on coagulation and outcome after major vascular surgery Anesth Analg 73 696-704 1952169 1:STN:280:By2D28%2FgtlQ%3D 10.1213/00000539-199112000-00005
    • (1991) Anesth Analg , vol.73 , pp. 696-704
    • Tuman, K.J.1    McCarthy, R.J.2    March, R.J.3    DeLaria, G.A.4    Patel, R.V.5    Ivankovich, A.D.6
  • 70
    • 1642502524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postoperative epidural anesthesia preserves lymphocyte, but not monocyte, immune function after major spine surgery
    • 15041604 10.1213/01.ANE.0000104586.12700.3A
    • T Volk M Schenk K Voigt S Tohtz M Putzier WJ Kox 2004 Postoperative epidural anesthesia preserves lymphocyte, but not monocyte, immune function after major spine surgery Anesth Analg 98 1086-1092 15041604 10.1213/01.ANE.0000104586.12700.3A
    • (2004) Anesth Analg , vol.98 , pp. 1086-1092
    • Volk, T.1    Schenk, M.2    Voigt, K.3    Tohtz, S.4    Putzier, M.5    Kox, W.J.6
  • 71
    • 10744228354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress induced IL-10 does not seem to be essential for early monocyte deactivation following cardiac surgery
    • 14609565 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXovVeiur0%3D 10.1016/S1043-4666(03)00090-5
    • T Volk UR Dopfmer M Schmutzler S Rimpau H Schnitzler W Konertz C Hoeflich WD Docke CD Spies HD Volk WJ Kox 2003 Stress induced IL-10 does not seem to be essential for early monocyte deactivation following cardiac surgery Cytokine 24 237-243 14609565 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXovVeiur0%3D 10.1016/S1043-4666(03)00090-5
    • (2003) Cytokine , vol.24 , pp. 237-243
    • Volk, T.1    Dopfmer, U.R.2    Schmutzler, M.3    Rimpau, S.4    Schnitzler, H.5    Konertz, W.6    Hoeflich, C.7    Docke, W.D.8    Spies, C.D.9    Volk, H.D.10    Kox, W.J.11
  • 72
    • 0242662131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of postoperative epidural analgesia: A meta-analysis
    • 14612482 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXptVWrtLk%3D 10.1001/jama.290.18.2455
    • BM Block SS Liu AJ Rowlingson AR Cowan JA Cowan Jr CL Wu 2003 Efficacy of postoperative epidural analgesia: A meta-analysis JAMA 290 2455-2463 14612482 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXptVWrtLk%3D 10.1001/jama.290.18.2455
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.290 , pp. 2455-2463
    • Block, B.M.1    Liu, S.S.2    Rowlingson, A.J.3    Cowan, A.R.4    Cowan Jr., J.A.5    Wu, C.L.6
  • 73
    • 3042587751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of perioperative central neuraxial analgesia on outcome after coronary artery bypass surgery: A meta-analysis
    • 15220785 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXlt1Sksbw%3D 10.1097/00000542-200407000-00024
    • SS Liu BM Block CL Wu 2004 Effects of perioperative central neuraxial analgesia on outcome after coronary artery bypass surgery: A meta-analysis Anesthesiology 101 153-161 15220785 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXlt1Sksbw%3D 10.1097/00000542-200407000-00024
    • (2004) Anesthesiology , vol.101 , pp. 153-161
    • Liu, S.S.1    Block, B.M.2    Wu, C.L.3
  • 74
    • 0041828224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metaanalysis demonstrates statistically significant reduction of postoperative myocardial infarction with the use of thoracic epidural analgesia
    • 12933434 10.1213/01.ANE.0000074660.05733.10
    • WS Beattie NH Bradner PTL Choi 2003 Metaanalysis demonstrates statistically significant reduction of postoperative myocardial infarction with the use of thoracic epidural analgesia Anesth Analg 97 919-920 12933434 10.1213/01.ANE.0000074660.05733.10
    • (2003) Anesth Analg , vol.97 , pp. 919-920
    • Beattie, W.S.1    Bradner, N.H.2    Choi, P.T.L.3
  • 75
    • 33645079895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of neuraxial blocks on surgical blood loss and blood transfusion requirements: A meta-analysis
    • 16563330 10.1016/j.jclinane.2005.08.013
    • J Guay 2006 The effect of neuraxial blocks on surgical blood loss and blood transfusion requirements: A meta-analysis J Clin Anesth 18 124-128 16563330 10.1016/j.jclinane.2005.08.013
    • (2006) J Clin Anesth , vol.18 , pp. 124-128
    • Guay, J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.