메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 103-109

Stress fractures: Pathophysiology, epidemiology, and risk factors

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BONE PAIN; CLINICAL FEATURE; DEMOGRAPHY; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; FATIGUE; FITNESS; HUMAN; JOINT; MECHANICAL STRESS; MEDICAL EDUCATION; MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SKELETON; SPORT; STRESS FRACTURE;

EID: 33750303177     PISSN: 15441873     EISSN: 15442241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11914-996-0029-y     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (155)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0030930905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and site specificity of stress fractures
    • Bennell KL, Brukner PD: Epidemiology and site specificity of stress fractures. Clin Sports Med 1997, 16:179-196.
    • (1997) Clin Sports Med , vol.16 , pp. 179-196
    • Bennell, K.L.1    Brukner, P.D.2
  • 2
    • 0029837070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for stress fractures in track and field athletes: A twelve-month prospective study
    • Bennell KL, Malcolm SA, Thomas SA, et al.: Risk factors for stress fractures in track and field athletes: a twelve-month prospective study. Am J Sports Med 1996, 24:810-818.
    • (1996) Am J Sports Med , vol.24 , pp. 810-818
    • Bennell, K.L.1    Malcolm, S.A.2    Thomas, S.A.3
  • 4
    • 0031005980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone mass and bone turnover in power athletes, endurance athletes, and controls: A 12-month longitudinal study
    • Bennell KL, Malcolm SA, Khan KM, et al.: Bone mass and bone turnover in power athletes, endurance athletes, and controls: a 12-month longitudinal study. Bone 1997, 20:477-484.
    • (1997) Bone , vol.20 , pp. 477-484
    • Bennell, K.L.1    Malcolm, S.A.2    Khan, K.M.3
  • 5
    • 0029879394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence and distribution of stress fractures in competitive track and field athletes. A twelve-month prospective study
    • Bennell KL, Malcolm SA, Thomas SA, et al.: The incidence and distribution of stress fractures in competitive track and field athletes. A twelve-month prospective study. Am J Sports Med 1996, 24:211-217.
    • (1996) Am J Sports Med , vol.24 , pp. 211-217
    • Bennell, K.L.1    Malcolm, S.A.2    Thomas, S.A.3
  • 8
    • 0028262173 scopus 로고
    • Stress fractures: A risk of increased training in freshmen
    • Goldberg B, Pecora C: Stress fractures: a risk of increased training in freshmen. Phys Sportsmed 1994, 22:68-78.
    • (1994) Phys Sportsmed , vol.22 , pp. 68-78
    • Goldberg, B.1    Pecora, C.2
  • 10
    • 0023775903 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of lower extremity stress fractures: A controlled trial of a shock absorbent insole
    • Gardner LI, Dziados JE, Jones BH, et al.: Prevention of lower extremity stress fractures: a controlled trial of a shock absorbent insole. Am J Public Health 1988, 78:1563-1567.
    • (1988) Am J Public Health , vol.78 , pp. 1563-1567
    • Gardner, L.I.1    Dziados, J.E.2    Jones, B.H.3
  • 11
    • 0025602384 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of common overuse injuries by the use of shock absorbing insoles. A prospective study
    • Schwellnus MP, Jordaan G, Noakes TD: Prevention of common overuse injuries by the use of shock absorbing insoles. A prospective study. Am J Sports Med 1990, 18:636-641.
    • (1990) Am J Sports Med , vol.18 , pp. 636-641
    • Schwellnus, M.P.1    Jordaan, G.2    Noakes, T.D.3
  • 12
    • 0033001063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of stress fractures using custom biomechanical shoe orthoses
    • Finestone A, Giladi M, Elad H, et al.: Prevention of stress fractures using custom biomechanical shoe orthoses. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1999, 360:182-190.
    • (1999) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.360 , pp. 182-190
    • Finestone, A.1    Giladi, M.2    Elad, H.3
  • 13
    • 4143125800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of the effect of foot orthoses composition and fabrication on comfort and the incidence of overuse injuries
    • Finestone A, Novack V, Farfel A, et al.: A prospective study of the effect of foot orthoses composition and fabrication on comfort and the incidence of overuse injuries. Foot Ankle Int 2004, 25:462-466.
    • (2004) Foot Ankle Int , vol.25 , pp. 462-466
    • Finestone, A.1    Novack, V.2    Farfel, A.3
  • 14
    • 0026720742 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of overuse injuries of the foot by improved shoe shock attenuation: A randomized prospective study
    • Milgrom C, Finestone A, Shlamkovitch N, et al.: Prevention of overuse injuries of the foot by improved shoe shock attenuation: a randomized prospective study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1992, 281:189-192.
    • (1992) Clin Orthop Relat Res , vol.281 , pp. 189-192
    • Milgrom, C.1    Finestone, A.2    Shlamkovitch, N.3
  • 15
    • 0037387136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are overground or treadmill runners more likely to sustain tibial stress fracture?
    • Milgrom C, Finestone A, Segev S, et al.: Are overground or treadmill runners more likely to sustain tibial stress fracture? Br J Sports Med 2003, 37:160-163.
    • (2003) Br J Sports Med , vol.37 , pp. 160-163
    • Milgrom, C.1    Finestone, A.2    Segev, S.3
  • 16
    • 0023914164 scopus 로고
    • On the epidemiology of running injuries. The 1984 Bern Grand-Prix study
    • Marti B, Vader JP, Minder CE, Abelin T: On the epidemiology of running injuries. The 1984 Bern Grand-Prix study. Am J Sports Med 1988, 16:285-294.
    • (1988) Am J Sports Med , vol.16 , pp. 285-294
    • Marti, B.1    Vader, J.P.2    Minder, C.E.3    Abelin, T.4
  • 19
    • 0023802805 scopus 로고
    • Stress fractures in female soldiers: An epidemiological investigation of an outbreak
    • Zahger D, Abramovitz A, Zelikovsky L, et al.: Stress fractures in female soldiers: an epidemiological investigation of an outbreak. Mil Med 1988, 153:448-450.
    • (1988) Mil Med , vol.153 , pp. 448-450
    • Zahger, D.1    Abramovitz, A.2    Zelikovsky, L.3
  • 20
    • 0017278699 scopus 로고
    • Fatigue life of compact bone. II. Effects of microstructure and density
    • Carter DR, Hayes WC: Fatigue life of compact bone. II. Effects of microstructure and density. J Biomech 1976, 9:211-218.
    • (1976) J Biomech , vol.9 , pp. 211-218
    • Carter, D.R.1    Hayes, W.C.2
  • 21
    • 17644424598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone adaptation to a mechanical loading program significantly increases skeletal fatigue resistance
    • Warden SJ, Hurst JA, Sanders MS, et al.: Bone adaptation to a mechanical loading program significantly increases skeletal fatigue resistance. J Bone Miner Res 2005, 20:809-816. Animal study investigating the influence of bone mass and size on stress fracture risk. It found that a small (less than twofold) change in the structural properties of a bone increased its fatigue resistance more than 100-fold, indicating that a moderate exercise program that induces bone adaptation may be an effective strategy for preventing stress fractures.
    • (2005) J Bone Miner Res , vol.20 , pp. 809-816
    • Warden, S.J.1    Hurst, J.A.2    Sanders, M.S.3
  • 22
    • 0029164861 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for stress fractures in female track-and-field athletes: A retrospective analysis
    • Bennell KL, Malcolm SA, Thomas SA, et al.: Risk factors for stress fractures in female track-and-field athletes: a retrospective analysis. Clin J Sports Med 1995, 5:229-235.
    • (1995) Clin J Sports Med , vol.5 , pp. 229-235
    • Bennell, K.L.1    Malcolm, S.A.2    Thomas, S.A.3
  • 24
    • 1542346867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ground reaction forces and bone parameters in females with tibial stress fracture
    • Bennell K, Crossley K, Jayarajan J, et al.: Ground reaction forces and bone parameters in females with tibial stress fracture. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004, 36:397-404.
    • (2004) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.36 , pp. 397-404
    • Bennell, K.1    Crossley, K.2    Jayarajan, J.3
  • 25
    • 0032873006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ground reaction forces, bone characteristics, and tibial stress fracture in male runners
    • Crossley KM, Bennell KL, Wrigley T, Oakes B: Ground reaction forces, bone characteristics, and tibial stress fracture in male runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999, 31:1088-1093.
    • (1999) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.31 , pp. 1088-1093
    • Crossley, K.M.1    Bennell, K.L.2    Wrigley, T.3    Oakes, B.4
  • 26
    • 0029924054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry derived structural geometry for stress fracture prediction in male U.S. Marine Corps recruits
    • Beck TJ, Ruff CB, Mourtada FA, et al.: Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry derived structural geometry for stress fracture prediction in male U.S. Marine Corps recruits. Bone Miner Res 1996, 11:645-653.
    • (1996) Bone Miner Res , vol.11 , pp. 645-653
    • Beck, T.J.1    Ruff, C.B.2    Mourtada, F.A.3
  • 27
    • 15344344529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative ultrasound: Utility in screening for susceptibility to stress fractures in female army recruits
    • Lappe J, Davies K, Recker R, Heaney R: Quantitative ultrasound: utility in screening for susceptibility to stress fractures in female army recruits. J Bone Miner Res 2005, 20:571-578.
    • (2005) J Bone Miner Res , vol.20 , pp. 571-578
    • Lappe, J.1    Davies, K.2    Recker, R.3    Heaney, R.4
  • 28
    • 0036218841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of fatigue and load variation on metatarsal deformation measured in vivo during barefoot walking
    • Arndt A, Ekenman I, Westblad P, Lundberg A: Effects of fatigue and load variation on metatarsal deformation measured in vivo during barefoot walking. J Biomech 2002, 35:621-628.
    • (2002) J Biomech , vol.35 , pp. 621-628
    • Arndt, A.1    Ekenman, I.2    Westblad, P.3    Lundberg, A.4
  • 29
    • 0032113802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of fatiguing exercise on longitudinal bone strain as related to stress fracture in humans
    • Fyhrie DP, Milgrom C, Hoshaw SJ, et al.: Effect of fatiguing exercise on longitudinal bone strain as related to stress fracture in humans. Ann Biomed Eng 1998, 26:660-665.
    • (1998) Ann Biomed Eng , vol.26 , pp. 660-665
    • Fyhrie, D.P.1    Milgrom, C.2    Hoshaw, S.J.3
  • 31
    • 0028385719 scopus 로고
    • The effects of muscle fatigue on bone strain
    • Yoshikawa T, Mori S, Santiesteban AJ, et al.: The effects of muscle fatigue on bone strain. J Exp Biol 1994, 188:217-233.
    • (1994) J Exp Biol , vol.188 , pp. 217-233
    • Yoshikawa, T.1    Mori, S.2    Santiesteban, A.J.3
  • 32
    • 0033835154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress fracture in military recruits: Gender differences in muscle and bone susceptibility factors
    • Beck TJ, Ruff CB, Shaffer RA, et al.: Stress fracture in military recruits: gender differences in muscle and bone susceptibility factors. Bone 2000, 27:437-444.
    • (2000) Bone , vol.27 , pp. 437-444
    • Beck, T.J.1    Ruff, C.B.2    Shaffer, R.A.3
  • 34
    • 0020096291 scopus 로고
    • In-vivo elastic and damping response of the human leg to impact forces
    • Mizrahi J, Susak Z: In-vivo elastic and damping response of the human leg to impact forces. J Biomech Eng 1982, 104:63-66.
    • (1982) J Biomech Eng , vol.104 , pp. 63-66
    • Mizrahi, J.1    Susak, Z.2
  • 35
    • 0021330152 scopus 로고
    • Partial immobilization of the ankle and talar joints complex and its effect on the ground-foot force characteristics
    • Seliktar R, Mizrahi J: Partial immobilization of the ankle and talar joints complex and its effect on the ground-foot force characteristics. Eng Med 1984, 13:5-10.
    • (1984) Eng Med , vol.13 , pp. 5-10
    • Seliktar, R.1    Mizrahi, J.2
  • 36
    • 0022382779 scopus 로고
    • Biomechanical analysis of the foot and ankle for predisposition to developing stress fractures
    • Hughes LY: Biomechanical analysis of the foot and ankle for predisposition to developing stress fractures. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1985, 7:96-101.
    • (1985) J Orthop Sports Phys Ther , vol.7 , pp. 96-101
    • Hughes, L.Y.1
  • 37
    • 0032882806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of foot structure and range of motion on musculoskeletal overuse injuries
    • Kaufman KR, Brodine SK, Shaffer RA, et al.: The effect of foot structure and range of motion on musculoskeletal overuse injuries. Am J Sports Med 1999, 27:585-593.
    • (1999) Am J Sports Med , vol.27 , pp. 585-593
    • Kaufman, K.R.1    Brodine, S.K.2    Shaffer, R.A.3
  • 38
    • 33144485779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does increased loading during running lead to tibial stress fractures? A prospective study
    • Davis I, Milner C, Hamill J: Does increased loading during running lead to tibial stress fractures? A prospective study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004, 36(suppl):S58.
    • (2004) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.36 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Davis, I.1    Milner, C.2    Hamill, J.3
  • 39
    • 33144465554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomechanical factors associated with tibial stress fracture in female runners
    • Milner CE, Ferber R, Pollard CD, et al.: Biomechanical factors associated with tibial stress fracture in female runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006, 38:323-328. Study retrospectively investigating biomechanical factors potentially associated with tibial stress fractures. It demonstrated that stress fracture risk may be related to loading rates and the magnitude of tibial shock; the latter could categorize individuals according to stress fracture history with 70% accuracy.
    • (2006) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.38 , pp. 323-328
    • Milner, C.E.1    Ferber, R.2    Pollard, C.D.3
  • 40
    • 0025993869 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for stress fractures among Israeli infantry recruits
    • Finestone A, Shlamkovitch N, Eldad A, et al.: Risk factors for stress fractures among Israeli infantry recruits. Mil Med 1991, 156:528-530.
    • (1991) Mil Med , vol.156 , pp. 528-530
    • Finestone, A.1    Shlamkovitch, N.2    Eldad, A.3
  • 41
    • 0022411056 scopus 로고
    • The low arch, a protective factor in stress fractures: A prospective study of 295 military recruits
    • Giladi M, Milgrom C, Stein M, et al.: The low arch, a protective factor in stress fractures: a prospective study of 295 military recruits. Orthop Rev 1985, 14:709-712.
    • (1985) Orthop Rev , vol.14 , pp. 709-712
    • Giladi, M.1    Milgrom, C.2    Stein, M.3
  • 42
    • 0024353749 scopus 로고
    • Combined effect of foot arch structure and an orthotic device on stress fractures
    • Simkin A, Leichter I, Giladi M, et al.: Combined effect of foot arch structure and an orthotic device on stress fractures. Foot Ankle 1989, 10:25-29.
    • (1989) Foot Ankle , vol.10 , pp. 25-29
    • Simkin, A.1    Leichter, I.2    Giladi, M.3
  • 43
    • 33244469102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of static and dynamic biomechanical measures in military recruits with and without a history of third metatarsal stress fracture
    • Dixon SJ, Creaby MW, Allsopp AJ: Comparison of static and dynamic biomechanical measures in military recruits with and without a history of third metatarsal stress fracture. Clin Biomech 2006, 21:412-419.
    • (2006) Clin Biomech , vol.21 , pp. 412-419
    • Dixon, S.J.1    Creaby, M.W.2    Allsopp, A.J.3
  • 44
    • 0037726533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of lower extremity stress fractures in athletes and soldiers: A systematic review
    • Jones BH, Thacker SB, Gilchrist J, et al.: Prevention of lower extremity stress fractures in athletes and soldiers: a systematic review. Epidemiol Rev 2002, 24:228-247.
    • (2002) Epidemiol Rev , vol.24 , pp. 228-247
    • Jones, B.H.1    Thacker, S.B.2    Gilchrist, J.3
  • 45
    • 0034067790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using bone's adaptation ability to lower the incidence of stress fractures
    • Milgrom C, Simkin A, Eldad A, et al.: Using bone's adaptation ability to lower the incidence of stress fractures. Am J Sports Med 2000, 28:245-251.
    • (2000) Am J Sports Med , vol.28 , pp. 245-251
    • Milgrom, C.1    Simkin, A.2    Eldad, A.3
  • 46
    • 0035071350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of lifestyle factors on stress fractures in female Army recruits
    • Lappe JM, Stegman MR, ReckFrustaer RR: The impact of lifestyle factors on stress fractures in female Army recruits. Osteoporos Int 2001, 12:35-42.
    • (2001) Osteoporos Int , vol.12 , pp. 35-42
    • Lappe, J.M.1    Stegman, M.R.2    Reckfrustaer, R.R.3
  • 47
    • 25444492895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Menstrual disorders in athletes
    • Redman LM, Loucks AB: Menstrual disorders in athletes. Sports Med 2005, 35:747-755. An excellent review of the incidence, mechanisms, and clinical consequences of menstrual disorders in female athletes. Concludes that athletic women may acquire their menstrual disorders by failing to increase dietary intake in compensation for exercise energy expenditure.
    • (2005) Sports Med , vol.35 , pp. 747-755
    • Redman, L.M.1    Loucks, A.B.2
  • 48
    • 0025268181 scopus 로고
    • Nutrition and the incidence of stress fractures in ballet dancers
    • Frusztajer NT, Dhuper S, Warren MP, et al.: Nutrition and the incidence of stress fractures in ballet dancers. Am J Clin Nutr 1990, 51:779-783.
    • (1990) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.51 , pp. 779-783
    • Frusztajer, N.T.1    Dhuper, S.2    Warren, M.P.3
  • 49
    • 0037243601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Luteinizing hormone pulsatility is disrupted at a threshold of energy availability in regularly menstruating women
    • Loucks AB, Thuma JR: Luteinizing hormone pulsatility is disrupted at a threshold of energy availability in regularly menstruating women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003, 88:297-311.
    • (2003) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.88 , pp. 297-311
    • Loucks, A.B.1    Thuma, J.R.2
  • 50
    • 16644384796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-response relationships between energy availability and bone turnover in young exercising women
    • Ihle R, Loucks AB: Dose-response relationships between energy availability and bone turnover in young exercising women. J Bone Miner Res 2004, 19:1231-1240. Study investigating the dose-response relationship between energy availability and selected markers of bone turnover in female military recruits. Bone formation markers decreased and bone resorption markers increased in those who had restricted energy availability, suggesting that nutritional status may contribute to the higher incidence of stress fractures in female military recruits.
    • (2004) J Bone Miner Res , vol.19 , pp. 1231-1240
    • Ihle, R.1    Loucks, A.B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.