Subsidiarity, democracy, and human rights in the constitutional treaty of Europe

Journal of Social Philosophy

Volumn 37, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 61-80

  Follesdal, Andreas ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33750195860     PISSN: 00472786     EISSN: 14679833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9833.2006.00303.x     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Council of the European Union, "Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe", Official Journal of the European Union 2004/C 310/01 (2004).
2. I defend this view more extensively in Andreas Follesdal, "Towards a Stable Federal Finalité? Forms and Arenas of Institutional and National Balances in the Constitutional Treaty for Europe", Journal of European Public Policy-Special Issue: Towards a Federal Europe? 12, no. 3(2005):572-89.
3. Andreas Follesdal, "Drafting a European Constitution: Challenges and Opportunitites", ConWEB Online-Constitutionalism Web Papers, University of Manchester School of Law. No. 4. 2002, http://www.qub.ac.uk/schools/ SchoolofPoliticsInternationalStudiesandPhilosophy/FileStore/ConWEBFiles/ Filetoupload,5318,en.pdf (accessed May 10, 2005).
4. Other definitions seem to regard federal structures as fully centralized (Andrew Moravcsik, ed., Centralization or Fragmentation? Europe Facing the Challenges of Deepening, Diversity, and Democracy [New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1998], 6), or withhold the term when subunit governments participate in central institutions
5. (Preston King, Federalism and Federation [Baltimore: Johns Hopkins; and London: Croom Helm, 1982]).
6. See David McKay, "Economic Logic or Political Logic? Economic Theory, Federal Theory and EMU", Journal of European Public Policy 12, no. 3(2005):528-44;
7. Andreas Auer, "The Constitutional Scheme of Federalism", Journal of European Public Policy 12, no. 3(2005):419-31;
8. Alberta M. Sbragia, "Thinking about the European Future: The Uses of Comparison", in Euro-Politics: Institutions and Policymaking in the "New" European Community, ed. Alberta M. Sbragia (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1992), 257-90;
9. Andreas Follesdal, "Federalism", http://plato.stanford.edu/ entries/federalism/ (accessed May 10, 2005);
10. Follesdal, "Towards a Stable Federal Finalité?" 572-89.
11. Cf. J. H. H. Weiler, "European Neo-constitutionalism: In Search of Foundations for the European Constitutional Order", in Constitutionalism in Transformation: European and Theoretical Perspectives, ed. Richard Bellamy and Dario Castiglione (Oxford: Blackwell, 1996), 105-21.
12. Hamilton and Mill regarded this as incompatible with confederations, cf. Alexander Hamilton, The Federalist no. 23 (New York: Mentor, 1961);
13. John Stuart Mill, Considerations on Representative Government (New York: Liberal Arts Press, 1958).
14. Auer, "Constitutional Scheme;"
15. Philippe C. Schmitter, "Is Federalism for Europe a Solution or a Problem: Tocqueville Inverted, Perverted or Subverted?" in Political Theory and the European Constitution, eds. Lynn Dobson and Andreas Follesdal (London: Routledge, 2004), 10-22;
16. Elizabeth Meehan, "The Constitution of Institutions", in The Federal Vision: Legitimacy and Levels of Governance in the US and the EU, eds. Kalypso Nicolaidis and Robert Howse (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 403-12.
17. James Madison, "Vices of the Political System of the United States", The Papers of James Madison, vol. x (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977), 348-57.
18. David Hume, A Treatise of Human Nature (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1960), 490.
19. McKay, "Economic Logic;"
20. Andreas Follesdal, "Union Citizenship: Unpacking the Beast of Burden", Law and Philosophy 20, no. 3(2001):313-43.
21. Juan J. Linz, "Democracy, Multinationalism and Federalism", in Demokratie in Ost Und West, eds. W. Busch and A. Merkel (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1999), 382-401.
22. Arend Lijphart, Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-six Countries (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999), 32, 195.
23. James Madison, The Federalist no. 46 (New York: Mentor, 1961).
24. cf. Andreas Follesdal, "The Political Theory of the White Paper on Governance: Hidden and Fascinating", European Public Law 9, no. 1(2003):73-86.
25. J. H. H. Weiler, The Constitution of Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 318.
26. James Bohman, "The Coming of Age of Deliberative Democracy", Journal of Political Philosophy 6, no. 4(1998):400-25;
27. David Miller, "Deliberative Democracy and Social Choice", Political Studies 40(1998):54-68.
28. Cf. David Miller, On Nationality (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), 257;
29. Bernard Manin, "On Legitimacy and Political Deliberation", Political Theory 15(1987):338-68
30. Giandomenico Majone, "Regulatory Legitimacy in the United States and the European Union", in The Federal Vision: Legitimacy and Levels of Governance in the US and the EU, eds. Kalypso Nicolaidis and Robert Howse (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 252-74, 261-62;
31. Paul Craig, "What Constitution Does Europe Need? The House That Giscard Built: Constitutional Rooms With a View", http://www.fedtrust.co. uk/uploads/constitution/26-03pdf.
32. Alfred Stepan, "Federalism and Democracy: Beyond the U. S. Model", Journal of Democracy 10(1999):19-34.
33. John Pinder, "The New European Federalism: The Idea and the Achievements", in Comparative Federalism and Federation: Competing Traditions and Future Directions, eds. Michael Burgess and Alain-G. Gagnon (New York: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1993), 45-66.
34. Brian Barry, "Is Democracy Special?" Democracy and Power (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991), 24-60;
35. Andreas Follesdal, "Democracy, Legitimacy and Majority Rule in the EU", in Political Theory and the European Union: Legitimacy, Constitutional Choice and Citizenship, eds. Albert Weale and Michael Nentwich (London: Routledge, 1998), 34-48;
36. Lijphart, Patterns of Democracy;
37. David McKay, Designing Europe-Comparative Lessons From the Federal Experience (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 146-47.
38. Lynn Dobson, "Conceptions of Freedom and the European Constitution", in Political Theory and the European Constitution, eds. Lynn Dobson and Andreas Follesdal (London: Routledge, 2004), 103-21.
39. Andreas Follesdal, "Democracy and Federalism in the EU: A Liberal Contractualist Perspective", in Democracy and the European Union: Studies in Economic Ethics and Philosophy, eds. Andreas Follesdal and Peter Koslowski (Berlin: Springer, 1997), 231-53.
40. Knut Midgaard, "Consensus, Majority Decisions, Power and Autonomy: Fragments Related to the European Union", ARENA Working Paper 10 (1998).
41. Barry, Democracy and Power.
42. David Held, Models of Democracy (Cambridge: Polity, 1987);
43. Philippe C. Schmitter, "Still the Century of Corporatism?" Review of Political Studies 36(1974):85-131;
44. Heidrun Abromeit, Democracy in Europe: Legitimising Politics in a Non-State Polity (New York: Berghahn Books, 1998);
45. Wolfgang Streeck and Philippe C. Schmitter, "From National Corporatism to Transnational Pluralism: Organized Interests in the Single European Market", Politics and Society 19, no. 2(1991):133-64;
46. Thomas Christiansen, Andreas Follesdal, and Simona Piattoni, "Informal Governance in the European Union: An Introduction", in Informal Governance in the European Union, eds. Thomas Christiansen and Simona Piattoni (Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2004), 1-21.
47. Robert A. Dahl, "Federalism and the Democratic Process", in Liberal Democracy, eds. J. R. Pennock and J. W. Chapman (New York: New York University Press, 1983), 95-108.
48. Jürgen Habermas, "Citizenship and National Identity: Some Reflections on the Future of Europe", Praxis International 12(1992):1-19, at 11.
49. John S. Dryzek, Discursive Democracy: Politics, Policy, and Political Science (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), 170.
50. Bruce Ackerman, "Neo-federalism?" in Constitutionalism and Democracy, eds. Jon Elster and Rune Slagstad (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988), 153-94, at 192;
51. and cf. Cass R. Sunstein, "Approaching Democracy: A New Legal Order for Eastern Europe-Constitutionalism and Secession", In Political Restructuring in Europe: Ethical Perspectives, ed. Chris Brown (London: Routledge, 1994) 11-49, at 13-14.
52. Joseph Femia, "Complexity and Deliberative Democracy", Inquiry 39(1996):359-97, at 370.
53. Robert A. Dahl, "On Deliberative Democracy: Citizen Panels and Medicare Reform", Dissent 44(1997):54-58.
54. For example, Jeremy Waldron, Law and Disagreement (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), 8 and elsewhere;
55. John Ferejohn, "Judicializing Politics, Politicizing Law", Law and Contemporary Problems 65(2002):41-68.
56. Andreas Follesdal, "Justice, Stability and Toleration in a Federation of Well-Ordered Peoples", in Rawls's Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia? eds. Rex Martin and David Reidy (Oxford: Blackwell, 2006), 299-317.