What accounts for race and ethnic differences in parental financial transfers to adult children in the United States?

Journal of Family Issues

Volumn 27, Issue 11, 2006, Pages 1583-1604

  Berry, Brent ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Health; Health and Retirement Study; Intergenerational transfers; Racial differences; Wealth

Indexed keywords

EID: 33750184119     PISSN: 0192513X     EISSN: 15525481     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0192513X06291498     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Altonji, J. G., & Dunn, T. (1991). Relationships among the family income and labor market outcomes of relatives. Research in Labor Economics, 12, 269-310.
2. Altonji, J. G., Hayashi, F., & Kotlikoff, L. (1992). Is the extended family altruistically linked? Direct evidence using micro data. American Economic Review, 82, 1177-1198.
3. Aschenbrenner, J. (1973). Lifelines: Black families in Chicago. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
4. Becker, G. S. (1974). A theory of social interactions. Journal of Political Economy, 82, 1063-1093.
5. Berry, B. M. (2001). All the ties that bind: Race, ethnicity, and why families support adult children (HRS Working Paper Series Report, 01-487). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, Population Studies Center.
6. Cooney, T. M., & Uhlenberg, P. (1992). Support from parents over the life course: The adult child's perspective. Social Forces, 71, 63-84.
7. Cox, D. (1987). Motives for private income transfers. Journal of Political Economy, 95, 509-546.
8. Cox, D. (2003). Private transfers within the family: Mothers, fathers, sons and daughters. In A. H. Munnell & A. Sunden (Eds.), Death and dollars: The role of gifts and bequests in America (pp. 168-216). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
9. Cox, D., & Rank, M. R. (1992). Inter-vivos transfers and intergenerational exchange. Review of Economics and Statistics, 74, 305-314.
10. Eggebeen, D. J. (1992). Family structure and intergenerational exchanges. Research on Aging, 14, 427-447.
11. Elder, G. H. (1999). Children of the Great Depression: Social change in life experience. Boulder, CO: Westview. (Original work published 1974)
12. Goldscheider, F., & Goldscheider, C. (1991). The intergenerational flow of income: Family structure and the status of Black Americans. Journal of Marriage and Family, 53, 499-508.
13. Goldscheider, F., Thornton, A., & Yang, L.-S. (2001). Helping out the kids: Expectations about parental support in young adulthood. Journal of Marriage and Family, 63, 727-740.
14. Heckman, J. (1979). Sample selection bias as a specification error. Econometrica, 47, 153-161.
15. Jayakody, R. (1998). Race differences in intergenerational financial assistance: The needs of children and the resources of parents. Journal of Family Issues, 19, 508-533.
16. Lee, Y. J., & Aytac, I. A. (1998). Intergenerational financial support among Whites, African-Americans, and Latinos. Journal of Marriage and Family, 60, 426-441.
17. Lima, J., & Allen, S. M. (2001). Targeting risk for unmet need: Not enough help versus no help at all. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 56B, S302 - S310.
18. Long, J. S. (1997). Regression models for categorical and limited dependent variables. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
19. Martin, E. P., & Martin, J. M. (1978). The Black extended family. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
20. McAdoo, H. P. (Ed.). (1993). Family ethnicity: Strength and diversity. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
21. McGarry, K. (1999). Inter vivos transfers and intended bequests. Journal of Public Economics, 73, 321-351.
22. McGarry, K., & Schoeni, R. F. (1995). Transfer behavior: Measurement and the redistribution of resources within the family. Journal of Human Resources, 30, S184 - S226.
23. Mutran, E. (1985). Intergenerational family support among Blacks and Whites: Response to culture or to socioeconomic differences. Journal of Gerontology, 40, 382-389.
24. Phillips, J. W. (1997). Essays on the accumulation and transfer of wealth at older ages. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Syracuse University, New York.
25. Rosenzweig, M. R., & Wolpin, K. I. (1993). Intergenerational support and the life cycle incomes of young men and their parents: Human capital investments, coresidence, and intergenerational financial transfers. Journal of Labor Economics, 11, 84-112.
26. Schoenbaum, M., & Waidman, T. (1997). Race, socioeconomic status, and health: Accounting for race differences in health. Journals of Gerontology, 52B, 61-73.
27. Soldo, B. J., & Hill, M. S. (1993). Intergenerational transfers: Economic, demographic, and social perspectives. In G. L. Maddox & M. P. Lawton (Eds.), Annual review of gerontology and geriatrics: Focus on kinship, aging, and social change (pp. 187-216). New York: Springer.
28. Soldo, B. J., & Hill, M. S. (1995). Family structure and transfer measures in the Health and Retirement Study. Journal of Human Resources, 30, S109 - S137.
29. Stack, C. B. (1974). All our kin: Strategies for survival in a Black community. New York: Harper & Row.
30. Taylor, R. J. (1986). Receipt of support from family among Black Americans: Demographic and familial differences. Journal of Marriage and Family, 48, 67-77.
31. University of Michigan Institute for Social Research. (1994). The health and retirement study, Wave 2. Retrieved July 10, 2006, from http://hrsonline. isr.umich.edu
32. Wilkinson, J. A. (2000). Intergenerational intervivos transfers: What is the pattern and level of financial support parents provide their adult children? Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Purdue University.
33. Wong, R., Capoferro, C., & Soldo, B. J. (1999). Financial assistance from middle-aged couples to parents and children: Racial-ethnic differences. Journals of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 54B, S145 - S153.