The discovery of dopamine deficiency in the parkinsonian brain

Journal of Neural Transmission, Supplement

Volumn , Issue 70, 2006, Pages 9-15

  Hornykiewicz, O ^a  

^a Medical University of Vienna   (Austria)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DOPA; DOPAMINE; LEVODOPA; METHYLDOPA; THREO 3,4 DIHYDROXYPHENYLSERINE;

AKINESIA; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; CONFERENCE PAPER; DOSE RESPONSE; HUMAN; NIGRONEOSTRIATAL SYSTEM; PARKINSON DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 33750017421     PISSN: 03036995     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-45295-0_3     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (46)

1. Andén NE, Carlsson A, Dahlström A, Fuxe K, Hillarp NA, Larsson K (1964) Demonstration and mapping out of nigro-striatal dopamine neurons. Life Sci 3: 523-530
2. Barbeau A, Murphy GF, Sourkes TL (1961) Excretion of dopamine in diseases of basal ganglia. Science 133: 1706-1707
3. Barbeau A, Sourkes TL, Murphy GF (1962) Les catécholamines dans la maladie de Parkinson. In: deAjuriaguerra (ed) Monoamines et système nerveux centrale. Georg, Genève and Masson, Paris, pp 247-262
4. Bertler Å, Rosengren E (1959a) Occurrence and distribution of dopamine in brain and other tissues. Experientia 15: 10-11
5. Bertler Å, Rosengren E (1959b) On the distribution in brain monoamines and of enzymes responsible for their formation. Experientia 15: 382-383
6. Birkmayer W, Hornykiewicz O (1961) Der L-Dioxy-phenylalanin (=DOPA)-Effekt bei der Parkinson-Akinese. Wien Klin Wochenschr 73: 787-788
7. Birkmayer W, Hornykiewicz O (1962) Der L-Dioxy-phenylalanin (=DOPA)-Effekt beim Parkinson-Syndrom des Menschen: zur Pathogenese und Behandlung der Parkinson-Akinese. Arch Psychiat Nervenkr 203: 560-574
8. Blaschko H (1957) Metabolism and storage of biogenic amines. Experientia 13: 9-12
9. Carlsson A (1964) Functional significance of drug-induced changes in brain monoamine levels. In: Himwich HE, Himwich WA (eds) Biogenic amines. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 9-27
10. (Progr Brain Res 8)
11. Carlsson A (1965) Drugs which block the storage of 5-hydroxytryptamine and related amines. In: Eichler O, Farah A (eds) 5-Hydroxytryptamine and related indolealkylamines. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 529-592
12. (Handb Exp Pharmacol vol 19)
13. Carlsson A, Lindqvist M, Magnusson T (1957) 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine and 5-hydroxy-tryptophan as reserpine antagonists. Nature 180: 1200
14. Carlsson A, Lindqvist M, Magnusson T, Waldeck B (1958) On the presence of 3-hydroxy-tyramine in brain. Science 127: 471
15. Cotzias GC, Van Woert MH, Schiffer IM (1967) Aromatic amino acids and modification of Parkinsonism. N Engl J Med 276: 374-379
16. Dahlström A, Fuxe K (1964) Evidence for the existence of monoamine-containing neurons in the central nervous system. I. Demonstration of monoamines in the cell bodies of brain stem neurons. Acta Physiol Scand 62 [Suppl 232]
17. Denny-Brown D (1962) The basal ganglia and their relation to disorders of movement. Oxford University Press, Oxford
18. Ehringer H, Hornykiewicz O (1960) Verteilung von Noradrenalin und Dopamin (3-Hydroxytyramin) im Gehirn des Menschen und ihr Verhalten bei Erkrankungen des extrapyramidalen Systems. Klin Wochenschr 38: 1236-1239
19. Hardy J, Langston WJ (2004) How many pathways are there to nigral death? Ann Neurol 56: 316-318
20. Hassler R (1938) Zur Pathologie der Paralysis agitans und des postenzephalitischen Parkinsonismus. J Psychol Neurol 48: 387-476
21. Hassler R (1967) Private communication to O. Hornykiewicz. Letter dated February 9, 1967
22. Holtz P, Balzer H, Westermann E, Wezler E (1957) Beeinflussung der Evipannarkose durch Reserpin, Iproniazid und biogene Amine. Arch Exp Path Pharmakol 231: 333-348
23. Holzer G, Hornykiewicz O (1959) Über den Dopamin-(Hydroxytyramin-) Stoffwechsel im Gehirn der Ratte. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Exp Path Pharmacol 237: 27-33
24. Hornykiewicz O (1958) The action of dopamine on the arterial pressure of the guinea pig. Br J Pharmacol 13: 91-94
25. Hornykiewicz O (1963) Die topische Lokalisation und das Verhalten von Noradrenalin und Dopamin (3-Hydroxytyramin) in the Substantia nigra des normalen und Parkinsonkranken Menschen. Wien Klin Wochenschr 75: 309-312
26. Hornykiewicz O (2001a) Brain dopamine: a historical perspective. In: Di Chiara G (ed) Dopamine in the CNS I. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 1-22
27. (Handb Exp Pharmacol vol 154/1)
28. Hornykiewicz O (2001b) How L-DOPA was discovered as a drug for Parkinson's disease 40 years ago. Wien Klin Wochenschr 113: 855-862
29. Hornykiewicz O (2002a) Dopamine and Parkinson's disease. A personal view of the past, the present, and the future. Adv Neurol 86: 1-11
30. Hornykiewicz O (2002b) Dopamine miracle: from brain homogenate to dopamine replacement. Mov Disord 17: 501-508
31. Jasper HH (1970) Neurophysiological mechanisms in parkinsonism. In: Barbeau A, McDowell FH (eds) L-Dopa and parkinsonism. FA Davis, Philadelphia, pp 408-411
32. Jung R, Hassler R (1960) The extrapyramidal motor systems. In: Field J, Magoun HW, Hall VE (eds) Handbook of Physiology, sect 1. Neurophysiology, vol II. American Physiological Society, Washington DC, pp 863-927
33. Montagu KA (1957) Catechol compounds in rat tissues and in brains of different animals. Nature 180: 244-245
34. Poirier LJ, Sourkes TL (1965) Influence of the substantia nigra on the catecholamine content of the striatum. Brain 88: 181-192
35. Raab W, Gigee W (1951) Concentration and distribution of "encephalin" in the brain of humans and animals. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 76: 97-100
36. Sano I (1962) Private communication to O. Hornykiewicz. Letter dated March 20, 1962
37. Sano I (2000) Biochemistry of the extrapyramidal system. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 6: 3-6
38. Sano I, Gamo T, Kakimoto Y, Taniguchi K, Takesada M, Nishinuma K (1959) Distribution of catechol compounds in human brain. Biochim Biophys Acta 32: 586-587
39. Sourkes TL (2000) How dopamine was recognised as a neurotransmitter: a personal view. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 6: 63-67
40. Vogt M (1952) Die Verteilung pharmakologisch aktiver Substanzen im Zentralnervensystem. Klin Wochenschr 30: 907-908
41. Vogt M (1954) The concentration of sympathin in different parts of the central nervous system under normal conditions and after the administration of drugs. J Physiol 123: 451-481
42. Vogt M (1973) Functional aspects of the role of catecholamines in the central nervous system. Br Med Bull 29: 168-172
43. Ward AA (1970) Physiological implications in the dyskinesias. In: Barbeau A, McDowell FH (eds) L-Dopa and parkinsonism. FA Davis, Philadelphia, pp 151-159
44. Weber G (1952) Zum Cholinesterasegehalt des Gehirns bei Hirntumoren und bei Parkinsonismus. Bull Schweiz Akad Med Wiss 8: 263-268
45. Weil-Malherbe H, Bone AD (1957) Intracellular distribution of catecholamines in the brain. Nature 180: 1050-1051
46. Weil-Malherbe H, Bone AD (1958) Effect of reserpine on the intracellular distribution of catecholamines in the brain stem of the rabbit. Nature 181: 1474-1475