Context and closure in children's friendships: Prevalence and demographic variation

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

Volumn 23, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 609-627

  Fletcher, Anne C ^a   Troutman, David R ^a   Gruber, Kenneth J ^a   Long, Emily ^a   Hunter, Andrea G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT GREENSBORO   (United States)

Author keywords

Children; Closure; Context; Friendships; HLM; Social networks

Indexed keywords

EID: 33749631199     PISSN: 02654075     EISSN: 14603608     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0265407506065988     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Brown, B. B. (1990). Peer groups and peer cultures. In S. S. Feldman & G. R. Elliott (Eds.), At the threshold: The developing adolescent (pp. 171-196). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
2. Bukowski, W. M., Newcomb, A. F., & Hartup, W. W. (1996). The company they keep: Friendship in childhood and adolescence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3. Burton, L. M., & Jarrett, R. L. (2000). In the mix, yet on the margins: The place of families in urban neighborhood and child development research. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 62, 1114-1135.
4. Carbonaro, W. J. (1998). A little help from my friend's parents: Intergenerational closure and educational outcomes. Sociology of Education, 71, 295-313.
5. Chatters, L. M., Taylor, R. J. Lincoln, K. D., & Schroepfer, T. (2002). Patterns of informal support from family and church members among African Americans. Journal of Black Studies, 33, 66-85.
6. Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 95-120.
7. Coleman, J. S. (1990). Foundations of social theory. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
8. Darling, N., Steinberg, L., & Gringlas, M. (1993. March). Community integration and value consensus as forces for adolescent socialization: A test of the Coleman and Hoffer hypothesis. Paper presented at the biennial meetings of the Society for Research in Child Development, New Orleans.
9. Coleman, J. S., & Hoffer, T. (1987). Public and private high schools: The impact of communities. New York: Basic Books.
10. Fletcher, A. C., & Cairns, R. (1995). Parent and child perceptions of closure within children's friendships networks. Unpublished manuscript, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
11. Fletcher, A. C., Newsome, D. W., Nickerson, P. F., & Bazley, R. (2001). Social network closure and child adjustment. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 47, 500-531.
12. Fletcher, A. C. Rollins, A., & Nickerson, P. (2004). The extension of school-based inter- and intraracial children's friendships: Influences on psychosocial well-being. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 74, 272-285.
13. Gest, S., & Fletcher, A. C. (1995). Concordance between self-reported and consensus-based peer groups as a function of social network status in early adolescence. Unpublished manuscript.
14. Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78, 1360-1380.
15. Higgins, E. T. & Parsons, J. E. (1983). Social cognition and the social life of the child: Stages as subcultures. In E. T. Higgins, D. N. Ruble, & W. W. Hartup (Eds.), Social cognition and social development (pp. 15-62). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
16. Hoffmann, D. A., Griffin, M. A., & Gavin, M. B. (2000). The application of hierarchical linear modeling to organizational research. In K. J. Klein & S. W. J. Kozlowski (Eds.). Multilevel theory, research, and methods in organizations: Foundation, extensions, and new directions (pp. 467-511). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer.
17. Hollingshead, A. (1975). Four factor index of social status. Unpublished manuscript, Yale University.
18. Kiesner, J., Poulin, F., & Nicotra, E. (2003). Peer relations across contexts: Individual-network homophily and network inclusion in and after school. Child Development, 74, 1328-1343.
19. Ladd, G. W. (1992). Themes and theories: Perspectives on processes in family-peer relationships. In R. D. Parke & G. W. Ladd (Eds.), Family-peer relationships: Modes of linkage (pp. 3-34). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
20. Ladd, G. W., & Coleman, C. C. (1993). Young children's peer relationships: Forms, features, and functions. In B. Spodek (Ed.), Handbook of research on the education of young children (pp. 57-76). New York: Macmillan.
21. Ladd, G. W., Le Sieur, K. D., & Profilet, S. M. (1993). Direct parental influences on young children's peer relations. In S. Duck (Ed.), Learning about relationships: Vol. 3. Understanding relationships processes series (pp. 152-183). Newbury Park, CA: SAGE Publications.
22. Leung, M. (1993). Social cognition and social networks of Chinese school children in Hong Kong. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
23. Lin, N. (2001). Social capital: A theory of social structure and action. New York: Cambridge University Press.
24. Marshall, N. L., Noonan, A. E., McCartney, A. Y. Marx, F., & Keefe, M. (2001). It takes an urban village: Parenting networks of urban families. Journal of Family Issues, 22(2), 163-182.
25. Meeks, C. B., & Mauldin, T. (1990). Children's time in structured and unstructured leisure activities. Lifestyles, 11(3), 257-281.
26. Morgan, S. L., & Sorensen, A. B. (1999). Parental networks, social closure, and mathematics learning: A test of Coleman's social capital explanation of school effects. American Sociological Review, 64, 661-681.
27. Parke, R. D., & Buriel, R. (1998). Socialization in the family: Ethnic and ecological perspectives. In W. Damon & N. Eisenberg (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (pp. 463-552). New York: Wiley.
28. Parke, R. D., & Ladd, G. W. (1992). Family-peer relationships: Modes of linkage. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
29. Portes, A. (1998). Social capital: Its origins and applications in modern sociology. Annual Review of Sociology, 24, 1-24.
30. Qualter, P., & Munn, P. (2005). The friendships and play partners of lonely children. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 22, 379-397.
31. Raudenbush, S. W., & Bryk, A. S. (2002). Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods. London: SAGE Publications.
32. Rubin, K. H., Bukowski, W. M., & Parker, J. G. (1998). Peer interactions, relationships and groups. In W. Damon & N. Eisenberg (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (pp. 619-700). New York: Wiley.
33. Simpkins, S. D., & Parke, R. D. (2001). The relations between parental friendships and children's friendships: Self-report and observational analysis. Child Development, 72, 569-582.
34. Smith, C. (2003). Religious participation and network closure among American adolescents. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 42, 259-267.
35. Snyder, T. D. (1996). Trends in education. Principal, 76, 57-60.