Negative affect as a mediator between body dissatisfaction and extreme weight loss and muscle gain behaviors

Journal of Health Psychology

Volumn 11, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 833-844

  Heywood, Susan ^a   McCabe, Marita P ^a  

^a DEAKIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Body change strategies; Body dissatisfaction; Disordered eating; Negative affect

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AFFECT; ARTICLE; BODY BUILDING; BODY DISSATISFACTION; BODY IMAGE; BULIMIA; DIET; EATING DISORDER; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MUSCLE DEVELOPMENT; NEGATIVE AFFECT; OVEREXERTION; POSITIVE AFFECT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SATISFACTION; SEX DIFFERENCE; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFFECT; BODY IMAGE; BODY MASS INDEX; BODY WEIGHT; EATING DISORDERS; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; SEX FACTORS; WEIGHT GAIN; WEIGHT LOSS;

EID: 33749616354     PISSN: 13591053     EISSN: 14617277     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1359105306069077     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Barron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variables distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
2. Cash, T. F., Winstead, B. A., & Janda, L. H. (1986). Body image survey report: The great American shape-up. Psychology Today, 20, 30-37.
3. Cohen-Tovee, E. M. (1993). Depressed mood and concern with weight/shape in normal young women. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 14, 223-237.
4. Cullari, A., Rohrer, J. M., & Bahm, C. (1998). Body-image perceptions across sex and age groups. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 87, 839-847.
5. Davis, C., & Cowles, M. (1991). Body image and exercise: A study of relationships and comparisons between physically active men and women. Sex Roles, 25, 33-44.
6. Davis, C., Shapiro, C. M., Elliot, S., & Dionne, M. (1993). Personality and other correlates of dietary restraint: An age by sex comparison. Personality and Individual Differences, 14, 297-305.
7. Drewnowski, A., Kurth, C. L., & Krahn, D. D. (1995). Effects of body image on dieting, exercise, and anabolic steroid use in adolescent males. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 17, 381-386.
8. Drewnowski, A., & Yee, D. K. (1987). Men and body image: Are males satisfied with their body weight? Psychosomatic Medicine, 49, 626-634.
9. Feingold, A., & Mazzella, R. (1998). Gender differences in body image are increasing. Psychological Sciences, 9, 190-195.
10. Franzoi, S. L., & Shields, S. A. (1984). The Body Esteem Scale: Multidimensional structure and sex differences in a college population. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48, 173-178.
11. Furnham, A., & Calnan, A. (1998). Eating disturbance, self-esteem, reasons for exercising and body weight dissatisfaction in adolescent males. European Eating Disorders Review, 6, 58-72.
12. Garner, D. M. (1991). Eating Disorder Inventory-2, professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.
13. Gleaves, D. H., Williamson, D. A., & Barker, S. E. (1993). Confirmatory factor analysis of a multidimensional model of bulimia nervosa. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 173-176.
14. Hoffman, J. M., & Brownell, K. D. (1997). Sex differences in the relationship of body fat distribution with psychosocial variables. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 22, 139-145.
15. Leit, R. A., Pope, H. G., Jr, & Gray, J. J. (2001). Cultural expectations of muscularity in men: The evolution of Playgirl centerfolds. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 29, 90-93.
16. Lenart, E. B., Goldberg, J. P., Bailey, S. M., Dallal, G. E., & Koff, E. (1995). Current and ideal physique choices in exercising and non-exercising college women from a pilot athletic image scale. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 81, 831-848.
17. McCabe, M. P., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2001). Body image and body change techniques among young adolescent boys. European Eating Disorders Review, 9, 335-347.
18. McCabe, M. P., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2003). Sociocultural and individual influences on muscle gain and weight loss strategies among adolescent boys and girls. Journal of Social Psychology, 143, 5-26.
19. McCabe, M. P., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2004). Body image dissatisfaction among males. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 56, 675-685.
20. McCabe, M. P., Ricciardelli, L. A., & Banfield, S. (2000). Body image, strategies to change muscles and weight, and puberty: Do they impact on positive and negative affect among adolescent boys and girls? Eating Behaviors, 2, 129-149.
21. McCabe, M. P., Ricciardelli, L. A., & Finemore, J. (2002). The role of puberty, media and popularity with peers on strategies to increase weight, decrease weight and increase muscle tone among adolescent boys and girls. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 52, 145-153.
22. McCabe, M. P., & Vincent, M. (2002). Development of Body Modification and Excessive Exercise Scale for adolescents. Assessment, 9, 131-141.
23. McDonald, K., & Thompson, J. K. (1992). Eating disturbance, body image dissatisfaction, and reasons for exercising: Gender differences and correlational findings. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 11, 289-292.
24. Mishkind, M. E., Rodin, J., Silberstein, L. R., & Striegel-Moore, R. H. (1986). The embodiment of masculinity: Cultural, psychological and behavioral dimension. American Behavioral Scientist, 29, 545-562.
25. Paa, H. K., & Larson, L. M. (1998). Predicting level of restrained eating behavior in adult women. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 24, 91-94.
26. Podar, I., Hannus, A., & Allik, J. (1999). Personality and affectivity characteristic associated with eating disorders: A comparison of eating disordered, weight-preoccupied, and normal samples. Journal of Personality Assessment, 73, 133-147.
27. Pope, H. G., Olivardia, R., Gruber, A., & Barowiecki, J. (1999). Evolving ideals of male body image as seen through action toys. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 26, 65-72.
28. Ricciardelli, L. A., & McCabe, M. P. (2001). Self-esteem and negative affect as moderators of socio-cultural influences on body dissatisfaction, strategies to decrease weight and increase muscle tone among adolescent boys and girls. Sex Roles, 44, 189-201.
29. Ricciardelli, L. A., & McCabe, M. P. (2002). Psychometric evaluation of the Body Change Inventory: An assessment instrument for adolescent boys and girls. Eating Behaviors, 3, 45-59.
30. Ricciardelli, L. A., & McCabe, M. P. (2004). A biopsychosocial model of disordered eating and the pursuit of muscularity in adolescent boys. Psychological Bulletin, 130, 179-205.
31. Ricciardelli, L. A., Tate, D., & Williams, R. J. (1997). Body dissatisfaction as a mediator of the relationship between dietary restraint and bulimic eating patterns. Appetite, 29, 43-54.
32. Rierdan, J., & Koff, E. (1997). Weight, weight-related aspects of body image, and depression in early adolescent girls. Adolescence, 32, 615-625.
33. Roncolato, W. G., & Huon, G. F. (1998). Subjective well-being and dieting. British Journal of Health Psychology, 3, 375-386.
34. Shephard, H., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (1998). Test of Stice's dual pathway model: Dietary restraint and negative affect as mediators of bulimic behavior. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 345-352.
35. Silberstein, L. R., Striegel-Moore, R. H., Timko, C., & Rodin, J. (1988). Behavioral and psychological implications of body dissatisfaction: Do men and women differ? Sex Roles, 19, 219-232.
36. Sonstroem, R. J., & Potts, S. A. (1996). Life adjustment correlates of physical self-concepts. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28, 619-625.
37. Stice, E. (1994). A review of the evidence for a sociocultural model of bulimia nervosa and an exploration of the mechanisms of action. Clinical Psychology Review, 14, 633-661.
38. Stice, E. (1998). Modeling of eating pathology and social reinforcement of the thin-ideal predict onset of bulimic symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 931-944.
39. Stice, E. (2002). Risk and maintenance factors for eating pathology: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 825-848.
40. Stice, E., Mazotti, L., Krebs, M., & Martin, S. (1998). Predictors of adolescent dieting behaviors: A longitudinal study. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 12, 195-205.
41. Stice, E., Shaw, H., & Nemeroff, C. (1998). Dual pathway model of bulimia nervosa: Longitudinal support for dietary restraint and affect regulation mechanisms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17, 129-149.
42. Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (1996). Using multivariate statistics. New York: Harper Collins.
43. Thompson, J. K., Coovert, M. D., Richards, K. J., Johnson, S., & Cattarin, J. (1995). Development of body image, eating disturbance, and general psychological functioning in female adolescents: Covariance structure modelling and longitudinal investigations. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 18, 221-236.
44. Tiggemann, M., & Pennington, B. (1990). The development of gender differences in body-size dissatisfaction. Australian Psychologist, 25, 306-313.
45. Tiggemann, M., & Williamson, S. (2000). The effect of exercise on body satisfaction and self-esteem as a function of gender and age. Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 43, 119-127.
46. Tucker, L. A. (1982). Relationship between perceived somatotype and body cathexis of college males. Psychological Reports, 50, 983-989.
47. Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS Scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070.
48. Wiederman, M. W., & Pryor, T. L. (2000). Body dissatisfaction, bulimia, and depression among women: The mediating role of dietary restraint. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 27, 90-95.
49. Williamson, D. A., Barker, S. E., Bertman, L. J., & Gleaves, D. H. (1995). Body image, body dysphoria, and dietary restraint: Factor structure in nonclinical subjects. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 85-93.