Is affluence a risk factor for bronchial asthma and type 1 diabetes?

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

Volumn 17, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 533-537

  Tedeschi, Alberto ^a   Airaghi, Lorena ^a  

^a FONDAZIONE IRCCS CA GRANDA OSPEDALE MAGGIORE POLICLINICO   (Italy)

Author keywords

Asthma; Gross national product; Hygiene hypothesis; Infant mortality rate; Type 1 diabetes

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; ASTHMA; CHILD; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA; HUMAN; IMMUNE SYSTEM; INCIDENCE; INFANT MORTALITY; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; LIFESTYLE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SOCIAL STATUS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE;

ADOLESCENT; ASTHMA; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1; ECONOMICS; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT MORTALITY; INFANT, NEWBORN; RISK FACTORS; WORLD HEALTH;

EID: 33749449595     PISSN: 09056157     EISSN: 13993038     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2006.00445.x     Document Type: Article

References (12)

1. STRACHAN DP. Hay fever, hygiene, and household size. BMJ 1989: 299: 1259-60.
2. HOLT PG, SLY PD, BJÖRKSTEN B. Atopic versus infectious diseases in childhood: a question of balance? Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1997: 8: 53-8.
3. Eurodiab Ace Study Group. Variation and trends in incidence of childhood diabetes in Europe. Lancet 2000: 355: 873-6.
4. KARVONEN M, VIIK-KAJANDER M, MOLTCHANOVA E, LIBMAN I, LA PORTE R, TUOMILEHTO J. Incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes worldwide. Diabetes Mondiale (DiaMond) Project Group. Diabetes Care 2000: 23: 1516-26.
5. STENE LC, NAFSTAD P. Relation between occurrence of type 1 diabetes and asthma. Lancet 2001: 357: 607-8.
6. TEDESCHI A, AIRAGHI L. Common risk factors in type 1 diabetes and asthma. Lancet 2001: 357: 1622.
7. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Steering Committee. Worldwide variation in prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and atopic eczema: ISAAC. Lancet 1998: 351: 1225-32.
8. PATTERSON CC, DAHLQUIST G, SOLTESZ G, GREEN A, Eurodiab ACE Study Group. Europe and Diabetes. Is childhood-onset type 1 diabetes a wealth-related disease? An ecological analysis of European incidence rates. Diabetologia 2001: 44: B9-16.
9. STEWART AW, MITCHELL EA, PEARCE N, STRACHAN DP, WEILANDON SK, ISAAC Steering Committee. International Study for Asthma and Allergy in Childhood. The relationship of per capita gross national product to the prevalence of symptoms of asthma and other atopic diseases in children (ISAAC). Int J Epidemiol 2001: 30: 173-9.
10. KEMP A, BJÖRKSTEN B. Immune deviation and the hygiene hypothesis: a review of the epidemiological evidence. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2003: 14: 74-80.
11. LEUNG R. Asthma and migration. Respirology 1996: 1: 123-6.
12. BODANSKY HJ, STAINES A, STEPHENSON C, HAIGH D, CARTWRIGHT R. Evidence for an environmental effect in the aetiology of insulin-dependent diabetes in a transmigratory population. BMJ 1992: 304: 1020-2.