Acute hepatic failure and coagulopathy associated with xylitol ingestion in eight dogs

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

Volumn 229, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 1113-1117

  Dunayer, Eric K ^a   Gwaltney Brant, Sharon M ^a  

^a American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

XYLITOL;

ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BLOOD CLOTTING DISORDER; DISEASE COURSE; DOG DISEASE; FEMALE; FLUID THERAPY; HISTOPATHOLOGY; LIVER BIOPSY; LIVER FAILURE; MALE; NONHUMAN;

ANIMALS; BLOOD TRANSFUSION; DOG DISEASES; DOGS; EUTHANASIA, ANIMAL; FEMALE; FLUID THERAPY; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HYPOGLYCEMIA; LIVER FAILURE, ACUTE; MALE; PROGNOSIS; SWEETENING AGENTS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; XYLITOL;

CANIS FAMILIARIS;

EID: 33749247984     PISSN: 00031488     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2460/javma.229.7.1113     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Touster O. The metabolism of polyols. In: Sipple HL, McNutt KW, eds. Sugars in nutrition. New York: Academic Press Inc, 1974;229-239.
2. Somogyi LP. Direct food additives in fruit processing: sweeteners. In: Somogyi LP, Ramaswamy HS, Hui YH, eds. Processing fruits: science and technology, volume 1: biology, principles, and applications. Lancaster, Pa.: Technomic Publishing Co Inc, 1996;300-307.
3. Gare F. The sweet miracle of xylitol. North Bergen, NJ: Basic Health Publications Inc, 2003;9-25.
4. Dunayer E. Hypoglycemia following canine ingestion of xylitol-containing gum. Vet Hum Toxicol 2004;46:87-88.
5. Brin M, Miller ON. The safety of oral xylitol. In: Sipple HL, McNutt KW, eds. Sugars in nutrition. New York: Academic Press Inc, 1974;591-606.
6. International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization. Summary of toxicological data of certain food additives: WHO food additives series no. 12: xylitol. Geneva, 1977. Available at: www.inchem.org/documents/ jecfa/jecmono/v12je22.htm. Accessed Nov 30, 2005.
7. Van Eys J, Wang YM, Chan S, et al. Xylitol as a therapeutic agent in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. In: Sipple HL, McNutt KW, eds. Sugars in nutrition. New York: Academic Press Inc, 1974;613-631.
8. Truhaut R, Coquet B, Fouillet X, et al. Sub-acute toxicity of xylitol in rats: absence of hepatotoxicity. Toxicology 1977;8:79-85.
9. International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization. Summary of toxicological data of certain food additives: WHO food additives series no. 18: xylitol. Geneva, 1983. Available at: www.inchem.org/documents/ jecfa/jecmono/v18jel6.htm. Accessed Nov 30, 2005.
10. Wang Y-M, King SM, Patterson JH, et al. Mechanism of xylitol toxicity in the rabbit. Metabolism 1973;22:885-894.
11. Schumer W. Adverse effects of xylitol in parenteral alimentation. Metabolism 1971;20:345-347.
12. Meng HC. Sugars in parenteral nutrition. In: Sipple HL, McNutt KW, eds. Sugars in nutrition. New York: Academic Press Inc, 1974;528-566.
13. Froesch ER, Jakob A. The metabolism of xylitol. In: Sipple HL, McNutt KW, eds. Sugars in nutrition. New York: Academic Press Inc, 1974;241-258.
14. Woods HF, Krebs HA. Xylitol metabolism in the isolated perfused rat liver. Biochem J 1973;134:437-443.
15. i in isolated rat hepatocytes. FASEB J 1989;3:1855-1861.
16. Bailey SM, Cunningham CC. Acute and chronic ethanol increases reactive oxygen species generation and decreases viability in fresh, isolated rat hepatocytes. Hepatology 1998;28:1318-1326.
17. DuFort RM, Matros L. Acquired coagulopathies. In: Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC, eds. Textbook of veterinary internal medicine: diseases of the dog and cat. 6th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 2005;1933-1937.
18. Feldman EC. Disorders of the parathyroid glands. In: Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC, eds. Textbook of veterinary internal medicine: diseases of the dog and cat. 6th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 2005;1508-1535.
19. Schmidt LE, Dalhoff K. Serum phosphate is an early predictor of outcome in severe acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Hepatology 2002;36:659-665.
20. Shakil AO. Predicting the outcome of fulminant hepatic failure. Liver Transpl 2005;11:1028-1030.
21. Sarwar S, Khan AA, Alam A, et al. Predictors of fatal outcome in fulminant hepatic failure. JCPSP 2006;16:112-116.
22. Plumlee KH. Hepatobiliary system. In: Plumlee KH, ed. Clinical veterinary toxicology. St Louis: Mosby, 2004;61-68.
23. Sherk MA, Center SA. Toxic, metabolic, infectious, and neoplastic liver diseases. In: Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC, eds. Textbook of veterinary internal medicine: diseases of the dog and cat. 6th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 2005;1464-1478.
24. Cope RB. A screening study of xylitol binding in vitro to activated charcoal. Vet Hum Toxicol 2004;46:336-337.