Neuromusculoskeletal conditions of the upper extremity: Are they due to repetitive occupational trauma?

Occupational Medicine - State of the Art Reviews

Volumn 15, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 677-693

  Nathan, Peter A ^a   Meadows, Kenneth D ^a  

^a Portland Hand Surgery and Rehabilitation Center   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARM; CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME; CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; MALE; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASE; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE; PROGNOSIS; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT;

ARM; CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME; CUMULATIVE TRAUMA DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES; OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES; PROGNOSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 33749143868     PISSN: 0885114X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (98)

1. Amadio PC: Historical review. The Mayo Clinic and carpal tunnel syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc 67:42-48, 1992.
2. American Medical Association. Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, 4th edition. Chicago, AMA, 1993.
3. Anonymous: N.Y. jury rejects keyboard liability in DEC case. CTD News 7(7):1, 1997.
4. Armstrong TJ: Introduction to occupational disorders of the upper extremities. In: Occupational Disorders of the Upper Extremities. Ann Arbor, MI, Center for Occupational Health, Safety, and Engineering, 1990.
5. Armstrong TJ, Buckle P, Fine LJ, et al: A conceptual model for work-related neck and upper-limb musculoskeletal disorders. Scand J Work Environ Health 19:73-84, 1993.
6. Atcheson SG, Ward JR, Lowe W: Concurrent medical disease in work-related carpal tunnel syndrome. Arch Intern Med 158:1506-1512, 1998.
7. Atroshi I, Gummesson C, Johnsson R, et al: Prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome in a general population. JAMA 282:153-158, 1999.
8. Bernard, et al: Musculoskeletal Disorders and Workplace Factors. A critical review of epidemiologic evidence for work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the neck, upper extremity, and back, 2nd printing. USDHHS, PHS. July 1997, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 97-141.
9. Blankenship KL: Functional capacity evaluation (FCE) process, explanation of frequency, and physical demand levels by dot manual. In Blankenship KL: Industrial Rehabilitation I. A Seminar Syllabus. American Therapeutics, Inc, 1990, pp 2.01-2.12, 12.64, and 12.65.
10. Bonnici AV, Birjandi F, Spencer JD, et al: Chromosomal abnormalities in Dupuytren's contracture and carpal tunnel syndrome. J Hand Surg 178:349-355, 1992.
11. Bonzani PJ, Millender L, Keelan B, Mangieri MG: Factors prolonging disability in work-related cumulative trauma disorders. J Hand Surg 22A:30-34, 1997.
12. Bortz WM II: Disuse and aging. JAMA 248:1203-1208, 1982.
13. Brain WR, Wright AD, Wilkinson M: Spontaneous compression of both median nerves in the carpal tunnel. Six cases treated surgically. The Lancet 1:277-282, March 1947.
14. Brouwer B: The significance of phylogenic and ontogenic studies for the neuropathologist. J Nerv Mental Dis 51:113-136, 1920.
15. Brown PW: The role of motivation in the recovery of the hand. In Kasdan ML (ed): Occupational Hand & Upper Extremity Injuries & Diseases, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Hanley & Belfus, 1997, pp 5-14.
16. Burge P, Hoy G, Regan P, Miline R: Smoking, alcohol, and the risk of Dupuytren's contracture. J Bone Joint Surg 79B:206-210, 1997.
17. Cannon LJ, Bernacki EJ, Walter SD: Personal and occupational factors associated with carpal tunnel syndrome. J Occup Med 23:255-258, 1981.
18. CDC-NIOSH: Cumulative Trauman Disorders in the Workplace. Bibliography. USDHHS, PHS. 1995. DHHS (NIOSH) Publ No. 95-119.
19. Cseuz KA, Thomas JE, Lambert EH, et al: Long-term results of operation for carpal tunnel syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc 41:232-241, 1966.
20. DeKrom MCTFM, Kester ADM, Knipschild PG, Spaans F: Risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome. Am J Epidemiol 132:1021-1110, 1990.
21. Derebery VJ: Etiologies and prevalence of occupational upper extremity injuries. In Kasdan ML (ed): Occupational Hand & Upper Extremity Injuries & Diseases, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Hanley & Belfus, 1997, pp 49-58.
22. Dobyns JH: Cumulative trauma disorder of the upper limb. Hand Clinics 7:587-595, 1991.
23. Dzwierzynski WW, Grunert BK, Rusch MD, et al: Psychometric assessment of patients with chronic upper extremity pain attributed to workplace exposure. J Hand Surg 24A:46-52, 1999.
24. English CJ, Maclaren WM, et al: Relations between upper limb soft tissue disorders and repetitive movements at work. Am J Indust Med 27:75-90, 1995.
25. Feldman RG, Travers PH, Chirico-Post J, Keyserling WM: Risk assessment in electronic assembly workers: Carpal tunnel syndrome. J Hand Surg 12A:849-855, 1987.
26. Franklin GM, Haug J, Heyer N, et al: Occupational carpal tunnel syndrome in Washington State, 1984-1988. Am J Public Health 81:741-746, 1991.
27. Fredriksson K, Alfredsson L, Koster M, et al: Risk factors for neck and upper limb disorders: Results from 24 years of follow-up. Occup Environ Med 56:59-66, 1999.
28. Frost HM: Skeletal structural adaptations to mechanical usage: Mechanical influences on intact fibrous tissue. Anat Record 226:433-439, 1990.
29. Gawande A: The pain perplex. A new theory is revising the centuries-old model of how we feel pain. New Yorker September 21, 1998, pp 86-91.
30. Gemme G: Diagnostics of hand-arm system disorders in workers who use vibrating tools. Occup Environ Med 54:90-95, 1997.
31. Gerr F, Letz R, Landrigan PJ: Upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders of occupational origin. Ann Rev Publ Health 12:543-566, 1991.
32. Gerr F, Marcus M, Ortiz DJ: Methodological limitations in the study of video display terminal use and upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. Am J Indust Med 29:649-656, 1996.
33. Gossett JG, Chance PF: Is there a familial carpal tunnel syndrome? An evaluation and literature review. Muscle Nerve 21:1533-1536, 1998.
34. Gots RE: Evidence-based medicine and the independent medical examiner. Hippocrates Lantern 6(2):17-21, 1999.
35. Hadler NM: Arm pain in the workplace. A small area analysis. J Occup Med 34:113-119, 1992.
36. Hadler NM: Repetitive upper-extremity motions in the workplace are not hazardous. J Hand Surg 22A:19-29, 1997.
37. Hadler NM: Carpal tunnel syndrome, diagnostic conundrum. Editorial. J Rheumatol 24:417-419, 1997.
38. Hagberg M, Morgenstern H, Kelsh M: Impact of occupations and job tasks on the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome. Scand J Work Environ Health 18:337-345, 1992.
39. Hagberg M, Chritiani D, Courtney TK, et al: Conceptual and definitional issues in occupational injury epidemiology. Am J Indust Med 32:106-115, 1997.
40. Hainer BL: Preplacement evaluations. Prim Care 21:237-247, 1994.
41. Hales TR, Bernard BP: Epidemiology of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Orthop Clin NA 27:679-709, 1996.
42. Harber P, Shusterman D: Medical causation analysis heuristics. J Occup Environ Med 38:577-586, 1996.
43. Hart DL, Isernhagen SJ, Matheson LN: Guidelines for functional capacity evaluation of people with medical conditions. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 18:682-686, 1993.
44. Hocking B: Epidemiological aspects of "repetition strain injury" in Telecom Australia. Med J Austral 147:218-222, 1987.
45. Hunt JR: The thenar and hypothenar types of neural atrophy of the hand. Am J Med Sci 141:224-241, 1911.
46. Ireland DCR: Repetition strain injury. The Australian experience - 1992 update. J Hand Surg 20A:S53-S56, 1995.
47. Jablecki CK, Andary MT, So YT, et al: Literature review of the usefulness of nerve conduction studies and electromyography for the evaluation of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Muscle Nerve 16:1392-1414, 1993.
48. Kasdan ML: Preface to second edition. In Kasdan ML (ed): Occupational Hand & Upper Extremity Injuries & Diseases, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Hanley & Belfus, 1997.
49. Katz JN, Larson MG, Fossel AH, Liang MH: Validation of a surveillance case definition of carpal tunnel syndrome. Am J Public Health 81:189-193, 1991.
50. Latko WA, Armstrong TJ, Franzblau A, et al: Cross-sectional study of the relationship between repetitive work and the prevalence of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Am J Indust Med 36:248-259, 1999.
51. Lister GD: Ergonomic disorders. Editorial. J Hand Surg 20A:353, 1995.
52. Louis DS: Are we there yet? Presidential address. J Hand Surg 23A:191-195, 1998.
53. Lutz G, Hansford T: Cumulative trauma disorder controls: The ergonomics program at Ethicon, Inc. J Hand Surg 12A:863-866, 1987.
54. Mackinnon SE, Novak CB: Clinical Perspective. Repetitive strain in the workplace. J Hand Surg 2-18, 1997.
55. Masear VR, Hayes JM, Hyde AG: An industrial cause of carpel tunnel syndrome. J Hand Surg 11A:222-227, 1986.
56. Moore JS, Prezzia C: Considerations in determining the work-relatedness of carpal tunnel syndrome. In Erdil M, Dickerson OB (eds): Cumulative Trauma Disorders: Prevention, Evaluation, and Treatment. New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1997, pp 59-97.
57. Nakaseko M: Cases of occupational cervicobrachial disorder in Nippon Telephone and Telegraph. Personal communication as reported by Dr. Hocking (see ref. 44).
58. Nathan PA, Keniston RC, Myers LD, Meadows KD: Obesity as a risk factor for slowing of sensory conduction of the median nerve in industry. A cross-sectional and longitudinal study involving 429 workers. J Occup Med 34:379-383, 1992.
59. Nathan PA, Keniston RC, Myers LD, Meadows KD: Longitudinal study of median nerve sensory conduction in industry: Relationship to age, gender, hand dominance, occupational hand use, and clinical diagnosis. J Hand Surg 17A:850-857, 1992.
60. Nathan PA, Keniston RC: Carpal tunnel syndrome and its relation to general physical condition. Hand Clinics 9:253-261, 1993.
61. Nathan PA, Keniston RC, Meadows KD: Carpal tunnel syndrome in the workplace. Hippocrates' Lantern 2(2):1-5, 1993.
62. Nathan PA, Meadows KD, Keniston RC: Rehabilitation of carpal tunnel surgery patients using a short surgical incision and early program of physical therapy. J Hand Surg 18A: 1044-1050, 1993.
63. Nathan PA, Keniston RC, Meadows KD, Lockwood RS: Nerve conduction studies and carpal tunnel syndrome. Am J Indust Med 27:311-312, 1995.
64. Nathan PA, Keniston RC, Meadows KD: Carpal tunnel syndrome claims. In The Insurer's Handbook of Psychological Injury Claims. Seattle, Claims Books, 1995, pp 265-276.
65. Nathan PA, Keniston RC, Meadows KD, Lockwood RS: Tobacco, caffeine, alcohol, and carpal runnel syndrome in American industry. J Occup Environ Med 38:290-298, 1996.
66. Nathan PA, Keniston RC: Carpal tunnel syndrome: Personal risk profile and role of intrinsic and behavioral factors. In Kasdan ML (ed): Occupational Hand & Upper Extremity Injuries & Diseases, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Hanley & Belfus, 1997, pp. 129-139.
67. Nathan PA, Keniston RC, Myers LD, et al: Natural history of median nerve sensory conduction in industry: Relationship to symptoms and carpal tunnel syndrome in 558 hands over 11 years. Muscle Nerve 21:711-721, 1998.
68. National Research Council: Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders. Report, workshop summary, and workshop reports. Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1999.
69. Nilsson T, Hagberg M, Burstrom L, Lundstrom R: A five-year follow-up of nerve conduction over the carpal tunnel. Arbette Och Halsa betensklaplig skriftserie. 5:117-120, 1995.
70. Oregon Department of Insurance and Finance and Oregon Department of Business and Consumer Services, Research and Analysis Section, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Oregon, 1984-1988, 1987-1991, 1990-1994, 1991-1995, 1996, 1997.
71. Pate RR, Pratt M, Blair SN, et al: Physical activity and public health. A recommendation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Sports Medicine. JAMA 273: 402-407, 1995.
72. Phalen GS, Kendrick JI: Compression neuropathy of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel. JAMA 164:524-530, 1957.
73. Phalen GS: The carpal tunnel syndrome: 17 years experience in diagnosis and treatment of 654 hands. J Bone Joint Surg 48A:211-228, 1966.
74. Phalen GS: The carpal tunnel syndrome. Clinical evaluation of 598 hands. Clin Orthop Rel Res 83:29-40, 1972.
75. Radecki P: Carpal tunnel syndrome. Effects of personal factors and associated medical conditions. Phys Med Rehabil Clin NA 8:419-437, 1997.
76. Rempel D, Evanoff B, Amadio PC, et al: Consensus criteria for the classification of carpal tunnel syndrome in epidemiologic studies. Am J Public Health 88:1447-1451, 1998.
77. Roos DB: Thoracic outlet syndrome is underdiagnosed. Muscle Nerve 22:126-129, 1999.
78. Ross CE, Mirowsky J: Does employment affect health? J Health Social Behavior 36:230-243, 1995.
79. Seror P, Nathan PA: Relative frequency of nerve conduction abnormalities at carpal tunnel and cubital tunnel in France and the United States. Importance of silent neuropathies and role of ulnar neuropathy after unsuccessful carpal tunnel syndrome release. Ann Chir Main 12:281-285, 1993.
80. Silverstein BA, Fine LJ, Armstrong TJ: Occupational factors and carpal tunnel syndrome. Am J Indust Med 11:343-358, 1987.
81. Silverstein B, Fine L, Stetson D: Hand-wrist disorders among investment casting plant workers. J Hand Surg 12A:838-844, 1987.
82. Silverstein BA, Armstrong TJ, Longmate A, Woody D: Can in-plant exercise control musculoskeletal symptoms? J Occup Med 30:922-927, 1988.
83. Smith KE, Bachu A: Women's labor force attachment patterns and maternity leave: A review of the literature. Population Division Working Paper No. 32. Washington, DC, Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census, Jan 1999.
84. Stevens JC, Beard CM, O'Fallon WM, et al: Carpal tunnel syndrome in Rochester, Minnesota, 1961 to 1980. Neurol 38:134-138, 1988.
85. Stevens JC, Beard CM, O'Fallon WM, et al: Conditions associated with carpal tunnel syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc 67:541-548, 1992.
86. Stock SR: Workplace ergonomic factors and the development of musculoskeletal disorders of the neck and upper extremity: A meta-analysis. Am J Indust Med 19:87-107, 1991.
87. Surgeon General's Report on Nutrition and Health: Coronary heart disease; high blood pressure; diabetes; obesity; skeletal diseases. Washington, DC, US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1988, pp 83-343.
88. Szabo RM: Overview. In Gordon SL, Blair SJ, Fine LJ (eds): Repetitive Motion Disorders of the Upper Extremity. Rosemont, IL, Am Acad Orthop Surg, 1995, p 419.
89. Tanaka S, Wild DK, Seligman PJ, et al: Prevalence and work-relatedness of self-reported carpal tunnel syndrome among U.S. workers: Analysis of the occupational health supplement data of 1988 National Health Interview Survery. Am J Indust Med 27:451-470, 1995.
90. Tanzer RC: The carpal tunnel syndrome. A clinical and anatomic study. J Bone Joint Surg 41A:626-634, 1959.
91. Tischuer ER: Some aspects of stress on forearm and hand in industry. J Occup Med 8:63-71, 1966.
92. Torgen M, Punnett L, Alfredsson L, Kilbom A: Physical capacity in relation to present and past physical load at work: A study of 484 men and women aged 41 to 58 years. Am J Indust Med 36:388-400, 1999.
93. Vender MI, Kasdan ML, Truppa KL: Upper extremity disorders: A literature review to determine work-relatedness. J Hand Surg 20A:534-541, 1995.
94. Verbrugge LM, Ascione FJ: Exploring the iceberg. Common symptoms and how people care for them. Medical Care 25:539-569, 1987.
95. Vessey MP, Villard-MacIntosh L, Yeates D: Epidemiology of carpal tunnel syndrome in women of childbearing age. Findings in a large cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 19:655-659, 1990.
96. Weiland AJ: Repetitive strain injuries and cumulative trauma disorders. Editorial. J Hand Surg 21A:337, 1996.
97. Wilbourn AJ: Thoracic outlet syndrome. Controversies in entrapment neuropathies: course D - 7th Annual Continuing Education Course. American Association of Electromyography and Electrodiagnosis, 1984, pp 28-38.
98. Wilbourn AJ: Thoracic outlet syndrome is overdiagnosed. Muscle Nerve 22:130-136, 1999.